• MESO: Nws Weather Prediction Center College Park Md

    From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Dec 8 00:44:12 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 080044
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-080300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1257
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    742 PM EST Sun Dec 07 2025

    Areas affected...Portions of the Central Florida Peninsula

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 080041Z - 080300Z

    Summary...A combination of locally intense rainfall and cell
    training should continue this evening which could cause flash
    flooding in urban areas.

    Discussion...Thunderstorms with isolated maximum rainfall rates
    approaching 1.5 inches per hour have been moving on-shore and
    tracking northeastward from near Tampa to Cape Canaveral early
    this evening. These storms appear to be associated with a
    mid-level vorticity maximum approaching from the eastern Gulf of
    America along the axis of a 2+ inch precipitable water plume and
    axis of boundary layer moisture flux convergence. Radar estimates
    from TBW/Tampa Bay indicate that hourly amounts have peaked near
    1.75 inches in parts of Pinellas and Pasco counties and that the
    maximum rainfall totals were approaching 3.25 inches in the same
    area. These amounts were embedded within a broader 1.5 to 2,5
    inch stripe of rainfall extending towards the central portion of
    the peninsula.

    With additional showers and thunderstorms located off-shore...the
    potential for flooding due to multiple rounds of heavy rainfall
    exists. The 18Z HREF/RRFS showed the probability of 1 inch per
    hour rates diminishing to less than 5 percent along the west-coast
    by 08/03Z. Their placement has been a bit too far north with the
    intense rates. Even so...the HREF captured the evolution in the
    broadest sense and was used it as a starting point for the MPD.=20

    Maximum Hourly amounts 1" to 1.75" and local totals to 3.5" appear
    possible where cells train and/or back-build, which would be most
    problematic in urban areas and regions of poor drainage as well as
    along small streams.

    Bann

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6pVmRublY1OVsAJkJg8O46F9ZFJcJq11wZG7H7yfyyETA4AMO-6DQLkDZoaZVaqobmxQ= aeSyDnVcKLlM3SGwH4kZuK0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...MLB...TBW...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 28538137 28538106 28328102 28008125 27678210=20
    27488265 27958282 28338219 28488162=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Dec 8 16:53:22 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 081653
    FFGMPD
    ORZ000-WAZ000-090400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1258
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1152 AM EST Mon Dec 08 2025

    Areas affected...Western Washington...Far Northwest Oregon...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 081700Z - 090400Z

    SUMMARY...Very strong atmospheric river with persistent .25-.5"/hr
    rates falling on increasingly saturated soils will result in high
    run-off, swelling rivers and poor drainage/urban flooding but at
    minimum further set the stage for expected additional rainfall
    into the mid-week.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR mosaic is showing the leading
    warm/moisture advection surge from the atmospheric river is
    expanding across the Pacific Northwest and into the Washington
    Cascades at this time. CIRA LPW animation depicts a long fetch
    core to the atmospheric river with a long tap back to the tropics
    near the Dateline; though the strength of the polar stream with
    150-170kt fairly zonal upper-level jet has resulted in very strong
    deep layer flow which has resulted in a fairly long/gradual
    isentropic incline to deplete any potential of vertical
    instability, the strength of moisture flux anomalies are pushing
    the maximum climatological percentiles for this time of year. This
    is generally confirmed by CIRA LPW percentiles in the 95-99th
    range through all layers but most noted in the 700-500mb at this
    time.

    The total PWat values are at or above 1.25" and have come ashore
    with the subtle but fast moving warm front denoted with wind shift
    from south to southwest and increase to 40kts at surface, 50-60kts
    near boundary layer and over 70kts at 700mb, this has lead to IVT
    values very near 1000 kg/m/s analyzed just offshore while
    remaining above 700 kg/m/s into the Cascades currently, but is
    expected to rise as the effective warm sector moisture intersects
    the terrain fairly orthogonally as well. As a result, broad
    .25-.33"/hr rates have been seen near the coastal areas so far and
    will expand into W WA over the next few hours. The nose of the
    upper-jet remains north for a bit and height-falls on the western
    side of the core will not start to dip southward until well after
    00z as the cold front reaches the mouth of the Juan de Fuca Strait
    around 00-01z.

    The strong flux, upslope flow will allow for rates of .5"/hr
    regularly through the mid to upper slopes of the Cascade Range as
    the WAA has freezing heights above all but the highest peaks. As
    such upper slopes will see 3-5" totals by 03z with foothills
    likely to be 2-4" and lower valleys less than 2"...with isolated
    totals to 6-7"+ along the core of the AR in the southern WA
    Cascade Range. Coastal Ranges including the Olympics may see
    4-6". Overall, FFG values are high enough even to encompass all
    but those highest extreme values being greater than 3.5/3hrs and
    over 5"/6hrs. However, NASA SPoRT LIS 0-40cm soil saturation
    values are generally above 70-80% across which is generally a bit
    above normal for the Coastal Range, but near 75-85th percentiles
    for the Cascade Range; however, full saturation should occur
    through the late afternoon, and as the main surge occurs toward
    00z, much of the rainfall should convert to run-off. This should
    swell the rivers fairly quickly with compounding issues resulting
    in riverine flooding (please refer to discussion and graphical
    products from NW River Forecast Center and National Water Center
    for further details).

    Given this is the first surge of a prolonged AR event, the
    potential for flash flooding is likely limited to the highest
    slopes/reaches of the watersheds or some localized urban flooding
    due to poor drainage. With the saturation of the soils through
    depth, there will be a slowly increasing potential for mudslides
    especially near/downslope any recent burn scars.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!41Gpl_K0C4oZ8oksLbVkshXJ6rbtTPELhF_yqA-pb03G5RNZm1ZMxwDtMJ02CLLoM3h0= Gh03LT2xq3MSxojGryzr5JQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OTX...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 49112107 48812060 48292030 47312040 46882082=20
    45752140 45492147 45512177 45902229 46102264=20
    46062298 45822333 45732387 46362422 47182433=20
    47832456 48222487 48462487 48292398 47902348=20
    47362331 46992302 46942246 47252212 47702194=20
    48252209 48572212 48962190 49092160=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Dec 9 21:12:11 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 092112
    FFGMPD
    ORZ000-WAZ000-100910-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1259
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    411 PM EST Tue Dec 09 2025

    Areas affected...Northern Oregon and Western Washington

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 092110Z - 100910Z

    Summary...The ongoing atmospheric river event over the Pacific
    Northwest will continue into tonight over portions of western
    Oregon and Washington. The axis of heaviest rainfall is expected
    to shift back north into Washington and also increase in
    intensity, which will bring an increasing flood and landslide risk
    to these areas.

    Discussion...The expectation is that the atmospheric river
    impacting northern OR will shift northward back into western WA
    this evening. After a temporary drop in Integrated Water Vapor
    Transport (IVT) today, values are forecast to increase again
    towards 03z resulting in an uptick in rainfall coverage and
    intensity into the overnight hours. With no forecast instability,
    rainfall rates will be driven mostly by the magnitude of moisture
    transport into the terrain. This will put a cap on the upper bound
    of rainfall rates, although this will be compensated by IVT values
    above the climatological 99th percentile and layered precipitable
    water (PW) generally above the 95th percentile at all atmospheric
    levels. This deep moisture and strong moisture transport will
    support hourly rainfall in the 0.25"-0.40" range, potentially
    approaching 0.50" in the highest mountain peaks. These rates
    should increase in coverage after 03z (per the 12z HREF
    probabilities), moving from northern OR into western WA overnight.
    Additional rainfall through 09z Wednesday is generally expected to
    be in the 1-3" range.

    Under typical conditions, rainfall rates and totals of this
    magnitude would not pose a significant hazard to this region.
    However, the past 24 hours have already brought 4-10" of rain to
    these locations, leading to saturated ground and elevated streams
    and rivers. Although parts of WA saw a brief lull today allowing
    for some recovery, hydrologic conditions remain sensitive.
    Consequently, when heavier rain returns this evening into tonight,
    additional flood impacts are expected.

    The primary impacts are expected to be flooding of rivers and
    streams, other low-lying flood-prone areas, and poor drainage and
    urban areas. Given the saturated ground, the risk of landslides
    and debris flows in areas of steep terrain will also increase
    tonight as rainfall intensity ramps up.

    Chenard

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!43p-OkfUop706I6cKLYBBIwzA6nB0hPZtCxkYgIrTsd-VTMoHaWWkfw9qP6uMmlQkjOt= HZdFGfUJBx9ZZGkLPPdfEFs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OTX...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 47942123 47642074 46792112 46432130 45912145=20
    45412151 45322145 44952164 44572184 44412215=20
    44522255 44712277 45042250 45422224 45882270=20
    45822308 45252331 44842354 44972399 45782413=20
    46532407 47232417 47682412 47842384 47782333=20
    47392322 47042294 46852251 47122208 47482197=20
    47762182=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Dec 10 16:28:53 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 101628
    FFGMPD
    WAZ000-110300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1260
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1128 AM EST Wed Dec 10 2025

    Areas affected...Olympic and Cascade Ranges of Western
    Washington...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall

    Valid 101630Z - 110300Z

    SUMMARY...Core of next atmospheric river surge through evening.=20
    Rates of .33-.75"/hr based on elevation likely to further compound
    ongoing river flooding throughout the foothills of the Olympic and
    Cascade Ranges. Mud/Landslide potential continues to increase
    with amount of deep soil moisture.

    DISCUSSION...Recent regional RADAR mosaic shows core of solid
    stratiform rainfall is expanding across much of western
    Washington. CIRA LPW shows solid sub-tropical moisture connection
    tapping just northwest of Kaua'i only narrowing/concentrating
    along and south of the stationary front 42N/142W to the Olympic
    Range. RAP analysis and recent VWP network observations denote a
    surge of increased moisture/warm advection south of the front is
    directed orthogonally to the Olympic Range and further downstream
    to the western Washington Cascades with 30-40kts of boundary layer
    orographic ascent and Tds in the mid 50s. CIRA LPW also notes
    that core of enhanced 850-700mb remains well displaced (east over
    WA at this time) to the surface core indicative of the long,
    gentle upslope of the AR moisture plume; so with limited unstable
    air, orographic moisture flux convergence remains the primary
    driver of intense rates, so stark rainshadows and much lower
    rainfall totals/rates are expected in main, lower elevation
    valleys.=20=20

    CIRA LPW analysis, extrapolation shows core of enhanced moisture
    below 700mb will continue to be directed toward the Juan de Fuca Strait/Northern Olympics into the Northern Washington Cascades
    over the next 6-9hrs supporting rates of .25" in the valleys to up
    to .75" in the highest terrain of the Cascades; and with the
    strong warm sub-tropic air, all but the most extreme peaks will
    continue to remain below the freezing levels. RAP/HRRR along with
    LPW extrapolation suggest core of enhanced moisture and winds will
    slowly reduce from supporting over 800 kg/m/s IVT values below 600
    kg/m/s toward 00z with the front sagging south toward the mouth of
    the Columbia river by 06z.=20=20

    FFG values are static in the Pacific Northwest and are not likely
    to be exceeded; however, NASA SPoRT shows 0-40cm saturation is
    near 90%, so nearly all those rates will be fully run-off. Flash flooding/rapid inundation flooding is not expected except for the
    highest reaches of watersheds/upper slope creeks, etc. but the
    rainfall will definitely continue a steady rise/expansion of
    ongoing river flooding across the area. Please refer to Northwest
    River Forecast Center and National Water Center products for
    details of these ongoing dangerous, life threatening conditions.=20

    Additionally, deep layer saturation of the upper soils suggests
    mud/landslides may become increasingly possible through this
    evening, especially given affects of strong winds acting upon the
    trees and therefore their roots. Remain aware of this potential
    and refer to local emergency managers and USGS reports/products
    regarding landslide concerns.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8L2D4ky7YUPIc_XTauE7f5mOBTS_tFcGMz7lVQIdQ_QXNey033P0XO5k-9kianVdLxxG= MzntNDwJCMC7cWkTFvSaRJ0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OTX...PDT...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 49092147 48632099 48032072 47612090 46942137=20
    46942189 47532210 47892184 48252199 48662228=20
    49002260 48782323 47892312 47002346 47192395=20
    47762440 48222461 48152365 48122326 49042328=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Dec 11 04:09:00 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 110408
    FFGMPD
    WAZ000-111530-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1261
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1107 PM EST Wed Dec 10 2025

    Areas affected...Western WA (including the Olympic Peninsula and
    Cascades)

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110407Z - 111530Z

    SUMMARY...Strong atmospheric river activity to continue overnight
    across much of western WA with a focus for additional heavy rain
    and locally significant areal flooding, including potential for
    debris flows, landslides and localized flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-W WV suite along with OSPO/CIRA ALPW
    data sets show a well-defined and strong atmospheric river
    continuing to advance inland across western WA, with an upstream
    orthogonal orientation of the deep Pacific moisture axis/plume
    relative to the Olympic Peninsula and the Cascades. Satellite and
    radar data continue to show areas of heavy rain impacting these
    areas with recent rainfall rates in the 0.25" to 0.40"/hour range.

    Much of the deeper layer trans-Pacific moisture transport into the
    region continues to be aided by the positioning of a strong
    subtropical ridge near and offshore of CA, and an elongated axis
    of mid-level troughing from the Gulf of AK southwestward to
    30N/40N and 160W. Offshore experimental CIRA LVT data is showing
    some gradual slackening of the low and mid-level moisture
    transport around the top side of the ridge axis, and this may
    allow for some of the more widespread heavier rainfall rates to
    gradually subside a bit going through the overnight hours.

    However, there will be the arrival of a new Pacific cold front
    across the region as shortwave energy moves into British Columbia,
    and this boundary should slowly push inland and become more
    oriented west/east across southern WA Thursday morning. IVT
    magnitudes along the front should remain elevated for the next 6
    to 12 hours, but by early Thursday morning, these values are
    forecast to drop down into the 600 to 800 kg/m/s range with the
    overall slackening of the low to mid-level kinematic wind field
    environment.

    The 00Z HREF guidance does continue to support rainfall rates in
    the Olympic Peninsula of around a 0.25"/hour, but with heavier
    rates occasionally reaching a 0.50"+/hour in the central and
    northern WA Cascades. Going through 15Z (7AM PST) on Thursday, an
    additional 1 to 2 inches of rain is expected for the Olympic
    Peninsula, but with an additional 2 to 4 inches in the central and
    northern WA Cascades.

    These additional rains will exacerbate ongoing areal flooding and
    especially to the river basins which are locally seeing
    significant impacts. Given the amount of rainfall that has
    occurred over the last few days in the Cascades in particular
    (with 12 to 15+ inches locally), the terrain is particularly
    sensitive, with the additional rains favoring concerns for debris
    flows, landslides and potential flash flooding around areas of
    steep terrain.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!71Jepf9yev7hmkJDrRvmtLMcUq8j50D7FgYNO7kSskSH7SKK20EaAmLtVqgpFTJ6kFC0= SGJjw80lHp4zyyPnh7ywKDw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OTX...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 49202170 49192044 48662002 47232051 46482165=20
    46642366 47412470 48122487 48372444 48112360=20
    48162268 48802244=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Dec 11 14:52:35 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 111452
    FFGMPD
    WAZ000-112048-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1262
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    951 AM EST Thu Dec 11 2025

    Areas affected...portions of western Washington State

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 111448Z - 112048Z

    Summary...Ongoing moderate to heavy rainfall will continue to
    foster excessive runoff and flood/flash flood issues through at
    least 20Z/noon Pacific time.

    Discussion...A persistent atmospheric river continues to spread
    areas of moderate to heavy rainfall across the discussion area.=20
    Recent rain rates ranging from 0.15-0.5 inch/hr have been noted -
    especially in terrain-favored upslope areas of the Cascades. The
    rainfall was tied to strong 700mb flow perpendicular to the
    Cascades and 1 inch PW values - supporting abundant orographic
    ascent and precipitation. Unfortunately, these rain rates were
    continuing to impact inundated areas that have experienced 6-10
    inches of rain over the past 72 hours, with widespread,
    significant riverine flooding being reported as a result.

    Rainfall could continue for another 4-6 hours across the region.=20
    Eventually, models depict a weakening of 700mb flow over the
    Cascades as mid/upper ridging builds northward into the region.=20
    This may reduce acute flash flood potential, though riverine
    issues will likely continue for some time.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-ImXPjaEKxXDP2MXZn5DlOqZ-jEGbNw9fZaPqxDHzK7LZF4ZyYLNeT4WwF3zvzlNd8sy= HiRwBZt23t60q5z8yF4V1K8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OTX...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 48592119 48222044 47562035 46522081 46302172=20
    46582328 47552397 48042403 48322289 48502243=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Dec 15 09:36:32 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 150936
    FFGMPD
    ORZ000-WAZ000-152135-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1263
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    435 AM EST Mon Dec 15 2025

    Areas affected...Western WA and Northwest OR

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 150935Z - 152135Z

    SUMMARY...A new atmospheric river will be arriving this morning
    across the Pacific Northwest. New rounds of heavy rain will be
    associated with this across especially western WA and northwest
    OR, and this will gradually pose a renewed threat of flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-W WV suite along with OSPO/CIRA ALPW
    data shows a new trans-Pacific atmospheric river approaching the
    Pacific Northwest. The source region of the long-fetch moisture
    transport is situated well southwest of Hawaii along 160W to 170W,
    with a northeast advection of it up along and ahead of a
    well-defined frontal zone that extends from Hawaii to offshore of
    the West Coast. Satellite imagery and surface data also shows
    additional northern stream energy and a reinforcing cold front
    approaching from areas near and south of the Gulf of AK.

    Over the next 6 to 12 hours, strong deep layer southwest flow with
    embedded shortwave energy will approach and begin crossing the
    Pacific Northwest which will drive the aforementioned offshore
    fronts gradually inland across the coastal ranges. Strong warm air
    advection and enhanced low to mid-level flow will drive increasing
    rainfall rates across the orographically favored coastal ranges
    from northwest OR up into the Olympic Peninsula and eastward into
    the foothills and higher terrain of the Cascades.

    Microwave-based CMORPH2 data shows heavy rainfall rates associated
    with the offshore shortwave energy focused along 130W, with some
    rates on the order of 0.75" to 1"/hour. This is associated with
    broken areas of convection as validated by GOES-W GLM data
    indicating intermittent lightning activity. Some of these heavier
    rates should arrive gradually throughout the morning, and the 00Z
    HREF guidance shows high probabilities (>60%) of rainfall rates
    exceeding a 0.50"/hour across the Olympic Peninsula and the
    foothills of the Cascades, with some low-end probabilities
    (approaching 30%) of seeing these rates max out near 1"/hour in
    the central and southern WA Cascades.

    These high rates will coincide with the arrival of high IVT
    magnitudes that will be on the order of 800 to 1000 kg/m/s into
    the coastal ranges, with an inland penetration of the core IVT
    plume into the Cascades. Some modest instability with MUCAPE
    values up around 250+ J/kg along and just ahead of the frontal
    boundaries will also be a contributor to these elevated rates.

    Expect as much as 3 to 5 inches of new rainfall over the next 12
    hours, with the heaviest totals over the Olympic Peninsula and the
    windward slopes of the WA Cascades. Lesser amounts will be noted
    over northwest OR with as much as 1 to 3 inches here involving the orographically favored terrain.

    The region is extremely sensitive given the residual impacts from
    the recent high-impact multi-day atmospheric river. Elevated/high
    streamflows and saturated ground will support the additional rains
    going into runoff that will be capable of driving renewed areas of
    areal flooding. Some localized burn scar flash flooding, debris
    flows and landslide activity also cannot be ruled out today.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8CSOBZPag-i-C1aXm6jQzW12n-4RBwiZpBMzlfmSn5drA27YKyMJLZE9060HaBqpt42K= 23iAiSQIlsvBBUL7myAJ6NQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OTX...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 49262217 49252090 48782034 47882038 46802093=20
    45402127 44392175 44302231 44662313 44682399=20
    45742427 47102424 48002466 48222357 47692293=20
    47822252 48592230=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Dec 15 21:57:21 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 152157
    FFGMPD
    WAZ000-160900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1264
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    456 PM EST Mon Dec 15 2025

    Areas affected...western Washington

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 152153Z - 160900Z

    SUMMARY...A subtle increase in rainfall intensity is expected over
    western WA through about 03Z with hourly rainfall peaking near 0.5
    inches. 12 hour accumulations of 1 to 2 inches will be possible
    through 09Z. While these higher rainfall intensities should remain
    isolated in nature across the Olympics and Cascades, the region
    remains saturated and quite sensitive due to last week's heavy
    rainfall event.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES West water vapor imagery showed the
    approach of a mid to upper-level vorticity max about 250 miles
    west of the mouth of the Columbia River, tracking toward the ENE.
    Total precipitable water values have come down since 12Z this
    morning as seen in recent blended TPW imagery with 0.6 to 0.8
    inches observed from the Washington coast to the Cascades at 21Z.
    850-700 mb mean layer winds were observed to be 50-60 kt via KLGX
    VAD wind data, forecast to decrease into the 30-45 kt range by 03Z
    via recent RAP forecasts. Hourly rainfall within the upslope
    regions of the Olympics and Cascades has peaked in the 0.2 to 0.3
    inch range over the past 2 hours with 2-4 inches (locally higher)
    observed over the past 24 hours in the Olympics and Cascades.

    The arrival of the offshore vorticity max has been preceded by
    cooling clouds tops on infrared satellite imagery and rainfall
    rates are likely to increase again over the next few hours over
    the Olympics and Cascades, at least locally, despite continued
    lowering of IVT values. This will be due to increased lift ahead
    of the vorticity max and the left-exit region of a powerful jet
    centered near 250 mb, centered ~1000 miles west of the WA/OR
    coastline. Recent GOES West DMVs measured a few points with 170 kt
    (10-15 kt higher than RAP forecasts). This jet max is forecast to
    continue strengthening as it translates eastward with left-exit
    ascent moving across western Washington tonight.

    Strengthening forcing for ascent coupled with weak elevated
    instability and mean WSW flow could support a couple of isolated
    hourly rainfall values near 0.5 inches and brief training of
    stronger echoes. The greatest probabilities for higher rainfall
    rates will occur with higher elevations/orographic lift which will
    be experiencing a transition to snow as freezing levels fall in
    the wake of a cold front which will limit contributions to
    additional flooding for the higher elevations above 5000 ft.
    However, where p-type will remain liquid, limited potential for a
    few hours of hourly rainfall in the 0.25 to 0.50 inch range
    through 06Z (locally higher) and additional rainfall totals of 1
    to 2 inches through 09Z within the windward slopes could result in
    additional flood concerns for the region.

    Due to the highly sensitive ground conditions, due largely in part
    to last weeks atmospheric river event, any additional rainfall
    will have the potential to renew or exacerbate flood concerns. The
    potential will also exist for isolated landslides/debris flows
    across the more sensitive regions of the Olympics and Cascades.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_ihbPIbF-hZ7NCZRjxSSeMKqV1C7qq5CnKKiK7KlcTB2BViBGIpgmm-d77a52eEHi0Iv= TvKo-4Ujjt6a7458NaeaiW8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 48992144 48882113 48732105 48482127 48352141=20
    48162144 47962132 47792125 47612136 47432143=20
    47192137 47092151 47042160 47032170 47012180=20
    46962186 46892188 46832185 46782179 46762164=20
    46732161 46542156 46422167 46342213 46392236=20
    46582254 46762263 46912265 47082312 47122349=20
    47292387 47592402 47922419 48092409 48102367=20
    47972318 48052273 48532226 48942185=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Dec 18 14:01:00 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 181400
    FFGMPD
    ORZ000-WAZ000-190200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1265
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    859 AM EST Thu Dec 18 2025

    Areas affected...Northwest Oregon...Far Southwest Washington...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 181400Z - 190200Z

    SUMMARY...Extreme surge of moisture flux into terrain as warm
    front passes will result in mid to upper slopes of coastal and
    Cascade Ranges to receive up to 1"/hr rates. Localized 5-7"
    totals are possible and may result in rapid rises and possible
    flooding in/along streams/rivers.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-W WV suite depicts a strong well
    anti-cyclonically curved ridge continue to dominate the eastern
    north Pacific with strong core of 150-180kt westerly 250 jet
    crossing the Juan de Fuca Strait attm. At the trailing edge
    increased divergence and subtle sheared shortwave is streaking
    through just west of 130W. This will focus surface to boundary
    layer cyclogenesis with a low 990mb low expected to lift northward
    toward the Strait by 21z. The energy through the atmospheric
    column is highly dynamic along and behind a surging warm front.=20
    This warm front has yet to reach the Pacific Coast, but is
    expected around 16-17z from south to north along the Oregon coast.
    Weaker southerly flow will quickly shift with 925mb flow swinging
    WSW to align through nearly the entire column to 500mb. Winds
    will increase to over 60kts with occasional speeds up to 70kt.=20=20

    CIRA LPW denotes the WAA aloft as just recently reached the coast
    though the 850-700mb layer with core of 99th and Maximum record
    values in this an 700-500mb layers (displaced further east over
    central OR attm due to the gentle slope of the deeper AR as a
    whole). As the warm front passes the total PWats will be over
    1.25" and fluxed on that strength of wind (50-80kts from
    925-700mb) will result in IVT values over 1000 kg/m/s with higher
    resolution guidance suggesting localized peaks nearing 1200 kg/m/s
    placing the surge toward the extreme range. While orientation to
    the terrain is not fully orthogonal, the magnitude of flux
    convergence and orographic ascent will support .75"/hr rates in
    the mid to upper slopes of the central to northwest Oregon Coastal
    Range and perhaps an hour later into the upper slopes of the
    Cascades north of Lane county. These rates are expected to surge
    and ebb through 00z, with an isolated 1"/hr rate possible. As
    such, rainfall totals will quickly total toward 5"+ in the terrain
    with rain-shadowed areas perhaps not even reaching .5". Early
    arriving 12z Hi-Res CAMs suggest isolated totals over 7" by 03z
    are not out of the realm of possibility. These values are pushing
    24hr ARI (Average Return Intervals) definitely into the 25 year
    range, with some suggestions of exceedance of 50 to 100 year
    values, in the upper slopes of the central Oregon Cascades. So
    the rainfall is highly atypical and therefore flooding is
    possible.

    FFG values in the region are static and are not likely to be
    exceeded at 1 or 3hr periods but may push the 6hr+ time range.=20
    Yet, NASA SPoRT LIS 0-40cm soil saturation remain above 70% given
    the connection to last week's event that was focused further
    north, and may result in above average run-off as upper profiles
    will quickly saturate. As such, even the glancing blow across into
    W WA could exacerbate ongoing flooding there and has been included
    in the area of concern, though rates/totals would be reduced to
    the core in central to northern Oregon. So any flooding is not
    necessarily going to be flashy in nature but notable surge in
    river levels will be noted. As such, please continue to monitor
    River Forecasts from local forecast offices, Northwest River
    Forecast Center, and products/discussion from the National Water
    Center.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!66DWPwXIdIRzihZ8KNWR2kFs3hqm9EhGdO2Y4CVe9gNTFathDiknnp_0mkOk5RDuyJAM= -pULRKiW904eJ5HzsifTnVs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 46812171 46592138 46062138 44512157 43922193=20
    43642242 43972308 44012371 44032419 44232423=20
    44802415 45412406 46042402 46202370 46122328=20
    45572281 45862238 46232230 46612213=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Dec 19 02:09:55 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 190209
    FFGMPD
    ORZ000-WAZ000-190807-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1266
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    907 PM EST Thu Dec 18 2025

    Areas affected...portions of western Oregon and southwestern
    Washington State

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 190207Z - 190807Z

    Summary...Flood/flash flood potential continues as a strong
    atmospheric river traverses the area through 08Z/midnight Pacific
    Time.

    Discussion...Flood/flash flood potential continues across the
    discussion area. A strong, landfalling atmospheric river
    continues to produce areas of 0.25-0.5 inch/hr rain rates across
    the region - highest across upwind, terrain-favored areas. This
    heavy rainfall regime has persisted for some time, resulting in
    around 1-3 inches of rainfall over the past 12 hours. These rain
    rates have contributed to at least isolated instances of excessive
    runoff and impacts in some areas. Soils are wet and streamflows
    are high across the region - especially where the heaviest
    rainfall has occurred.

    Models/observations suggest that at least another 3-5 hours of
    rainfall is expected across the discussion area, with 0.25+
    inch/hr rain rates and 1-1.5 inch totals potentially occurring
    through 08Z/midnight Pacific Time. Over time, a front will
    migrate from northwest to southeast across the discussion area,
    resulting in a gradual southeastward shift in the heaviest
    rainfall rates as peak low-level flow shifts toward central and
    southwestern Oregon. Areas of flooding/flash flooding remain
    possible given the sensitive ground conditions that are readily
    supporting excessive runoff.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_X7D6LBwyUIHGeozsPitQ2wTaN1VLJ2UMr87Cg64CYGoqaeZGBU2fXqJmKxikY9qKDSi= aP51iJ_xHhCZfbG7AsZ1cSk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...MFR...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 47402191 47322132 46512095 45332117 44172139=20
    43472199 43212283 43812402 43902436 46612426=20
    46422320 46132280 46082242 46922217=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Dec 21 06:16:08 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 210616
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-211812-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1267
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    113 AM EST Sun Dec 21 2025

    Areas affected...portions of northern and central California

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 210612Z - 211812Z

    Summary...Onset of a long-duration heavy rain hazard is underway
    as an atmospheric river makes landfall across central and northern
    California. Upwind regions of high terrain could experience
    periods of 0.5-1.0 inch/hr rain rates. Flash flooding is likely
    through the morning hours.

    Discussion...Recent radar/MRMS data depicts an uptick in heavy
    rainfall/rain rates across northern and central California
    currently. The greatest rates were occurring across coastal
    ranges north/northwest of San Francisco, where strengthening, west-southwesterly 850mb flow (around 40 knots) was oriented
    perpendicular to ridgelines/terrain in that area. The combination
    of orographic ascent and 1.5 inch PW values located just upstream
    of the area were supporting areas of 0.25-0.5 inch measured rain
    rates over the past hour or so.

    Models/observations suggest that the ongoing areas of heavy rain
    will only expand and increase in intensity with time. 850mb
    should increase into the 40-50 knot range over the next few hours
    while impinging upon upwind slopes of the Sierra and northern
    California coastal ranges. This will allow for areas of 0.5 to 1
    inch/hr rain rates to materialize in terrain-favored areas and
    persist for 6+ hours.=20

    USGS Streamflow and NASA SPoRT-LiS Soil Moistures suggest ground
    conditions can handle initial rainfall with somewhat dry initial
    soil conditions and modest flow in local streams. Multiple hours
    of heavier rainfall will likely make ground conditions more
    favorable for excessive runoff and flood/flash flood impacts over
    time. The greatest risk for flood/flash flood instances will
    occur from 09Z/1a Pacific Time, and multiple instances of
    excessive runoff are expected through 18Z/10a.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6UfaRemdCkGYpLIhlFPONIeYmwwruTOcraTfEqSSeTpLE3--jvLref83zgvivudYXlzW= v-lQ7zarJ1Nt1ckhghWBPRM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...HNX...MFR...MTR...REV...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41962247 41542157 40852066 39602031 37971979=20
    38042048 38322109 38922152 38772195 38162219=20
    37902249 38402334 39852421 41912439 41932330=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Dec 21 18:24:44 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 211824
    FFGMPD
    NVZ000-CAZ000-ORZ000-220620-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1268
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    123 PM EST Sun Dec 21 2025

    Areas affected...central to northern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 211820Z - 220620Z

    Summary...A long-duration heavy rain event will continue through
    tonight. 12 hour rainfall totals of 2 to 4 inches for the Coastal
    Ranges and 3 to 7 inches for the Sierra Nevada are expected
    through 06Z (locally higher possible). Peak hourly rainfall of
    0.50 to 0.75 inches is likely with isolated values up to 1 inch,
    likely translating into flood/flash flood impacts across the
    region.

    Discussion...Moderate to heavy rain was occurring as of 18Z from
    roughly Point Arena, CA to southern OR with peak hourly rainfall
    between 0.5 and 0.75 inches, but with values locally up to 1 inch.
    An atmospheric river containing PW values between 1.0 and 1.4
    inches along the northern CA coast and southwesterly 850-700 mb
    winds of 40-50 kt were present. 24 hour gauge reports of 3-6
    inches (King Range) and 4-7 inches (north-central Sierra Nevada)
    were observed through 18Z and the northern CA region has
    experienced 200 to 400 percent of normal over the past week. There
    have been several reports of flooding and landslides over the past
    few hours within the northern Coastal Ranges and a couple of
    landslides reported within the Sierra Nevada.

    The approach of a positively tilted shortwave trough axis off of
    the Pacific Northwest coast will continue to advance ESE over the
    next 12 hours, allowing for a slow southward movement to the axis
    of highest moisture transport down the CA coastline. As this
    occurs, PWs are forecast to lower slightly and 850-700 mb winds
    should weaken about 10 kt through 06Z with IVT values of 800
    kg/m/s lowering into the 600-700 kg/m/s range. Steady peak hourly
    rainfall values of 0.50 to 0.75 inches are likely to continue over
    the next 6-12 hours. 12Z HREF probabilities showed 40 to 80
    percent probabilities of exceeding 0.5 in/hr through 02Z for the
    central to northern CA Coastal Ranges north of San Francisco and
    40 to 90+ percent for the north-central to northern Sierra Nevada
    through at least 06Z. Meanwhile, hourly probabilities for 1+
    inches in an hour are near or less than 10 percent through the
    overnight.

    Given wet antecedent conditions over the past week, including 24
    hour rainfall, the addition of another 2 to 6+ inches is likely to
    result in additional flooding, landslides/mudslides and debris
    flows. Where overlap of high rain rates occurs with sensitive burn
    scars or urban areas, more rapid flooding/flash flooding can be
    expected.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-N3fonV1wnIiFTFf7U_Ok7Dt2UfKXjgzF4Wstna-jHDUM2PoHkO-k6Iapux8XqvGKO4P= j7M3a0cP32dAi1_XlY33J7s$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...MFR...MTR...REV...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42022284 41832164 41492099 40542042 39901995=20
    38651967 38301964 38142001 38202058 38022121=20
    37712152 37302170 36992188 36762237 37242297=20
    37532336 38612413 40252494 41812489=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Dec 22 07:30:21 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 220730
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-221529-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1269
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    229 AM EST Mon Dec 22 2025

    Areas affected...portions of central and eastern California

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 220729Z - 221529Z

    Summary...Areas of moderate to heavy rainfall will continue for
    several more hours across upslope/western sides of the Sierra,
    prompting flood/flash flood concerns.

    Discussion...Recent radar/observational data depict continued
    areas of moderate to heavy rainfall along upslope sides of the
    Sierra in central/northeastern California. The rainfall continues
    as part of a landfalling atmospheric river across the region, with
    40 knots of 850mb flow oriented perpendicular to the Sierra
    promoting abundant orographic ascent. Additionally, 1-1.3 inch PW
    values are continuing to enhance rainfall rates across the region.
    Furthermore, the persistence of the atmospheric river has
    resulted in a focused area of 3-6 inch rainfall totals over the
    past 12 hours especially in the Tahoe and Lassen National Forests
    (east of an axis from Chico to Sacramento). Some instances of
    flooding/flash flooding and landslides have occurred, which isn't
    surprising given moderate MRMS Flash outputs and elevated
    streamflows per the USGS Water Dashboard.

    Ongoing trends should continue for several more hours. 850mb flow
    should remain perpendicular to the Sierra through at least 15Z/7a
    Pacific Time, prompting continued rainfall and runoff. Models
    suggest that flow should gradually slacken into the 20-25 knot
    range during that time frame, which should decrease orographic
    ascent and rain rates with time. Nevertheless, ground conditions
    continue to be sensitive and additional 0.25+ inch/hr rates are
    likely to continue. Flooding/flash flooding, debris flows, and
    landslides continue to be possible.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5iyvhhDbMLgpO0wdYJ0o3ApbhFqsnmdhB0ihXtI6v_mJfBQI739WZFXdnVdpfWrLxa66= -c7qLMepHMB4TgFXu1YM5yk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...REV...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40692210 40622126 39852056 38821992 37971968=20
    37641982 37902072 39222187 40052233=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Dec 24 08:52:47 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 240852
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-242049-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1270
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    351 AM EST Wed Dec 24 2025

    Areas affected...portions of southern California

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 240849Z - 242049Z

    Summary...Heavy rainfall was beginning to develop across western
    portions of the Transverse Ranges. The rain will expand in
    coverage through 20Z/noon Pacific Time. Widespread 3-5 inch
    totals are expected, with isolated 8-inch amounts possible. A
    dangerous scenario is unfolding, with widespread and significant
    impacts from flash flooding and debris flows expected.

    Discussion...The onset of a landfalling atmospheric river was
    beginning to increase rain rates across the western Transverse
    Ranges over the past hour or so (per radar mosaic/MRMS). The
    rainfall was associated with an axis of very strong
    south-southwesterly low-level flow (50+ knots at 850mb) beginning
    to make eastward progress into the discussion area. This flow was
    oriented perpendicularly to the Transverse Ranges, promoting
    strong orographic lift/ascent of an abundantly moist airmass (PW
    values from 1-1.5 inch per SPC Mesonanalyses). Weak surface-based
    instability was evident near immediate coastal areas as well. The
    regime was already beginning to spread 0.5-0.8 inch/hr rain rates
    into Santa Barbara County over the past hour.

    The overall pattern will shift only slowly eastward across the
    discussion area as a strong low pressure area west of Eureka, CA
    migrates northeastward/inland toward the Pacific Northwest. Heavy
    rainfall will increase in coverage and intensity through the next
    6-12 hours as well. A few areas of 1 inch/hr rain rates can be
    expected, and 3-5 inch totals (with local amounts reaching 8
    inches) can be expected across the Transverse Ranges through
    20Z/noon Pacific time. This rain will fall on sensitive terrain
    (i.e., burn scars, low-lying areas) creating a potentially
    dangerous scenario for widespread rapid runoff, flash flooding,
    debris flows, and rock/land slides. Significant impacts are
    expected in this regime.

    Other areas displaced from the Transverse Ranges could experience
    heavy rain as well (1-3 inch amounts). Flash flooding could occur
    - especially in urban areas and over burn scars.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5v6fNz6JRQ5fk-0hyZxoJYFxEGoCCYMVkWJrrpQsthUeto2mTJiSOx38Ww8po5CA8mfd= Gm2Qv9XSl3e2HhlGEHt32pQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...MTR...SGX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37651974 37051892 36301813 35571804 35061803=20
    34731784 34541734 34251686 34061670 33921714=20
    33301749 33911887 34442054 35222101 35852150=20
    36312170 36322135 35922080 35371996 35431941=20
    36031933 36931957 37371990=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Dec 24 10:16:20 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 241016
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-241614-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1271
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    515 AM EST Wed Dec 24 2025

    Areas affected...portions of northern and central California

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 241014Z - 241614Z

    Summary...Areas of moderate to heavy rainfall will continue across
    the discussion area through around 16Z/8a Pacific Time.
    Flood/flash flood concerns could exist near sensitive ground
    conditions (urban areas, burn scars, and near flooded water sheds).

    Discussion...A strong area of low pressure was moving slowly
    northeastward toward northwestern California near Eureka this
    morning. Ahead of this low, strong low-level flow (50-70 knots at
    850mb) has developed across the discussion area that was advecting
    a very moist airmass (1-1.2 inch PW values) through much of the
    region. Additionally, weak surface-based buoyancy near coastal
    areas was noted per mesoanalyses. The result of this pattern has
    been several areas of moderate to heavy rainfall that has
    exhibited an uptick in intensity over the past 1-2 hours.=20
    Low-level flow against upslope areas has promoted localized
    0.2-0.4 inch/hr rain rates, and these rates are expected to
    continue (or perhaps increase into the 0.5 inch/hr range) through
    the overnight and early morning hours. Additionally, heavier
    convective development was noted just offshore of central coastal
    areas.

    These conditions are expected to continue through around 16Z or so
    as a front sweeps eastward across the discussion area. Ahead of
    this front, areas of 0.25-0.5 inch/hr rain rates should continue
    especially in terrain-favored areas. Additionally, deeper
    convective development approaching the central coastal ranges
    should eventually impact urban areas in/near San Francisco over
    the next 1-3 hours (through 13Z/5a Pacific) that could result in
    urban flash flooding. The ongoing threat of flooding and flash
    flooding should gradually end from west to east, but should also
    be most pronounced near 1) burn scars, 2) urban areas, and 3)
    watersheds that have already experienced heavier rainfall over the
    past week (upslope Sierra areas) that have wet soils and
    anomalously strong streamflows. Flash flooding is possible in
    this scenario.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!90s1Les1NlfJHKgB8Pm6TKIGfAJycEhNlKEi1VyWTlT_l0v2PlSAcKXbKz2Mfl29lBSY= abJ58tD_UjcTZnBlv5-zHDE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...HNX...LOX...MFR...MTR...REV...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41562233 41042137 40172081 38281986 37841933=20
    37111911 37472000 37942098 37052106 35942083=20
    35332100 36042177 37872288 40112426 40732426=20
    41032393=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Dec 24 15:17:54 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 241517
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-242215-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1272
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1015 AM EST Wed Dec 24 2025

    Areas affected...Central Valley into the Sierra Nevada Foothills

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 241515Z - 242215Z

    SUMMARY...Significant atmospheric river activity continues to ride
    up through the Central Valley and into the Sierra Nevada foothills
    with heavy rainfall rates. Areas of flooding and some flash
    flooding will continue to be likely.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-W IR satellite imagery shows an
    impressive fanning out of cold cloud tops across the Central
    Valley and into the Sierra Nevada as a full-latitude trough
    offshore of the West Coast continues to channel a strong deep
    layer atmospheric river inland across the region.

    A surface cold front has been making steady progress eastward this
    morning and has pushed east of the Bay Area and into the Central
    Valley. Radar imagery shows a well-defined and dynamically forced
    convective line just ahead of the cold front making its way closer
    to the Sierra Nevada foothills with rainfall rates that are on the
    order of 0.75" to 1"/hour. These rainfall rates are being
    facilitated by MUCAPE values of as much as 100 to 250 J/kg ahead
    of the cold front, but even more so by the very strong low-level
    moisture convergence riding up through the Central Valley and with
    impressively divergent flow aloft downstream of the offshore upper
    trough.

    Enhanced rainfall rates of up to 1"/hour will continue with these
    convective elements ahead of the cold front as it advances
    gradually eastward over the next several hours. The additional aid
    of orographic ascent into the Sierra Nevada foothills will further
    support the enhancement of rainfall rates. Given the strongly
    anomalous degree of moisture through the column including some
    tropical origins of the atmospheric river, the rainfall will be
    quite efficient, with additional totals through mid-afternoon of
    as much as 2 to 4 inches.

    Additional areas of flooding and some flash flooding will be
    likely, including portions of the Central Valley and into the
    Sierra Nevada foothills. Localized urban flooding impacts will
    continue to be a concern, and for areas in the terrain, localized
    burn scar flash flooding will be a threat. Can't rule out some
    landslide activity as well near areas of steep terrain.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!53-BwiZrl9T80oxjrbDTjD5St9EgADRAizby-f106X4xaimzSLI6Rng1qTi5hYs__yXH= NMi1oDBw2dNyDiht0mBs2c4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...MTR...REV...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40072068 39912039 39302013 38461984 37561932=20
    36731859 36231827 35571843 35281882 35281945=20
    35572006 35812034 36392080 37342095 39002111=20
    39862104=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Dec 24 19:51:24 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 241951
    FFGMPD
    NVZ000-CAZ000-250600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1273
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    250 PM EST Wed Dec 24 2025

    Areas affected...Southern and Eastern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 241950Z - 250600Z

    SUMMARY...Heavy rainfall with dangerous and locally
    life-threatening flash flooding impacts will continue to impact
    portions of southern and eastern CA going into the evening hours
    as strong atmospheric river activity continues.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-W visible satellite imagery shows a significant
    atmospheric river bringing heavy rain across large areas of
    southern CA including the Los Angeles Basin, the adjacent high
    terrain of the Transverse Range, the southern Sierra Nevada and
    also adjacent interior desert valley locations. A deep
    full-latitude trough offshore of the West Coast continues to shift
    gradually eastward and is allowing for a cold front to advance
    inland through southern CA.

    This continues to help focus deep and very moist south-southwest
    flow up out of the eastern tropical-Pacific and across the region
    with enhanced IVT magnitudes of near 1000 kg/m/s aimed into
    portions of Los Angeles, Orange and San Bernadino Counties. This
    also includes the southwest facing slopes of the San Gabriel and
    San Bernadino Mountains where enhanced orographic ascent coupled
    with deep layer forcing and frontal convergence is yielding high
    rainfall rates of locally over 1"/hour.

    Over the next several hours, the cold front will continue to
    settle south and east, which will allow for heavy rain to arrive
    over the Peninsular Range of southern CA while also overspreading
    interior areas of eastern CA including some of the desert
    locations adjacent to the high terrain of the southern Sierra
    Nevada.

    The greatest short-term rainfall impacts and flash flooding
    concerns will likely be over Kern, Ventura, Los Angeles, Orange,
    and San Bernadino Counties, with eventually areas of Riverside and
    San Diego Counties getting into heavy rainfall later this
    afternoon and evening. Some of the rates for the aforementioned
    southwest facing slopes of the high terrain will continue to be
    locally near or over 1"/hour which is supported by the
    experimental WoFS guidance which has a particular focus over the
    next 6 hours across eastern parts of Los Angeles County, southwest
    parts of San Bernadino County, and also Orange County.

    Additional rainfall totals of 3 to 5+ inches going through late
    this evening will be possible for the orographically favored high
    terrain of southern CA, with as much as 1 to 3 inches elsewhere
    including portions of eastern CA near the southern Sierra Nevada.
    Some interior valley locations away from the terrain may even see
    as much as 1 inch of rain.

    Dangerous and locally life-threatening flash flooding is expected
    going into the evening hours across southern CA which include
    concerns for not only urban flash flooding, but also mud and
    landslide activity, and debris flows near and adjacent to the more
    sensitive burn scar locations. Areas of flash flooding will also
    be a concern for eastern CA where heavy rains here also contribute
    to enhanced runoff. This will include some open dry wash areas.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7iaagVot710bq-Swn8BA3WE_eOkheyqa6GwSFP3zaElDXOGKFOhl3OT5u2VyvOUtC3bb= n5cnUe0YP-mJZyyxD3M1o1M$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...PSR...SGX...VEF...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37091767 36531652 35781566 35011537 34351558=20
    33801566 33051589 32591620 32511726 33451806=20
    33651851 34151951 34821971 35921915 36921862=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Dec 25 08:04:13 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 250803
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-251800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1274
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    302 AM EST Thu Dec 25 2025

    Areas affected...portions of northern, central and southern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 250759Z - 251800Z

    SUMMARY...Another round of heavy rain will approach central and
    southern CA tonight into Christmas morning. Peak hourly rainfall
    of 0.5 to 1.0 inches is expected, with isolated hourly totals over
    1 inch. Due to recent heavy rainfall and areas of ongoing
    flooding, renewed areas of flood/flash flooding are likely from an
    additional 1 to 3 inches of rainfall (locally higher) through ~18Z.

    DISCUSSION...GOES West water vapor/infrared satellite imagery from
    07Z showed a mid-level vorticity max near 39N 127W with a
    southward extending trough axis, advancing toward the northeast. A
    surface low was associated with the vorticity max containing an
    attached occluded/cold front extending to the south. Infrared
    imagery and lightning data showed a line of showers/thunderstorms
    just ahead of the front, advancing closer to the central CA coast.
    This feature was located ahead of a broader closed low aloft, with
    steepening lapse rates in the 850-500 mb layer edging eastward
    central to northern CA.

    While the primary moisture axis from Wednesday has moved into the
    lower CO River Valley, layered PW imagery from OSPO showed a
    secondary moisture axis just ahead of the offshore cold front with
    blended TPW values of 0.8 to 0.9 inches. Instability along the
    coast and within the Sacramento/San Joaquin Valley was less than
    500 J/kg and should stay that way over the next 6-12 hours with
    some fluctuations up/down over time via recent RAP forecasts. RAP
    guidance also showed 850-700 mb winds from the south to
    south-southwest increasing into the 60-65 kt range from near San
    Francisco Bay to the northern Sacramento Valley ahead of the front
    which will likely be accompanied by a band of
    showers/thunderstorms sweeping inland containing peak hourly
    rainfall of 0.5 to 1.0 inches. The band will impact central to
    northern coastal locations first, followed by inland locations
    across the Sacramental Valley into the Sierra Nevada foothills.
    The band of heavy rain will also begin to advance southward down
    the Santa Lucia Range into the western Transverse Ranges between
    12Z and 18Z. Post-frontal low level axes of convergence could
    support additional narrow bands of showers/thunderstorms with
    brief training across central to northern CA locations with peak
    hourly rainfall near 0.5 inches.

    Through ~18Z, peak additional rainfall of 1 to 3 inches is
    expected (locally higher) for the Coastal Ranges into the Sierra
    Nevada foothills (below snow levels of ~5000 ft). This additional
    rainfall, coupled with brief high rates, should allow for areas of
    renewed flooding/flash flooding across urban/terrain and low-lying
    locations through 18Z. Due to saturated soils, the potential for landslides/debris flows will exist, including any sensitive burn
    scar locations.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9Fy7N2vCbkgdsoukSqdAcxFlbzgguN4-zro9adZVuZDI_-2AgrwuRP_VHaaYvYkSzowB= F8uDF9qksst-8nX1MlQ43cs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...HNX...LOX...MFR...MTR...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41222225 40912174 40102152 39872122 39182064=20
    38632033 37621963 36411861 36311931 36131974=20
    35721981 35191938 34581808 34011806 33771847=20
    33841954 34132068 34802148 35772178 37082281=20
    38992416 40242462 40682433 40842312=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Dec 25 18:13:09 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 251813
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-260600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1275
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    110 PM EST Thu Dec 25 2025

    Areas affected...Portions of Central and Southern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 251810Z - 260600Z

    SUMMARY...Additional atmospheric river surge to impact central and
    southern CA going into the evening hours. Locally heavy rainfall
    rates coupled with extremely sensitive conditions on the ground
    from previous rainfall will promote additional areas of flash
    flooding with locally dangerous and life-threatening impacts
    possible.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-W visible satellite imagery shows a secondary
    cold front and associated atmospheric river surge advancing down
    across areas of central and southern CA with a particular focus on
    the Transverse Range and nearby areas of the Los Angeles Basin.
    While this surge of moisture is certainly more modest compared to
    yesterday, the additional rainfall associated with this will be
    falling on areas that have seen as much as 6 to 12+ inches of rain
    over the last 36 hours, and especially in the San Gabriel and San
    Bernadino Mountains.

    The latest CW3E IVT analyses suggest as much as 500 kg/m/s of IVT
    will be moving through the Transverse Range and Los Angeles Basin
    region going through this afternoon and into at least the early
    part of this evening. Lesser magnitudes will continue to impact
    areas farther north extending into the southern Sierra Nevada.
    There is some meaningful instability with MUCAPE values near 500
    J/kg situated along the offshore portion of the front, and the
    latest GOES-W and CMORPH2 microwave-driven data does show some
    convective showers with heavier rainfall rates offshore. These
    showers are likely to move inland over the next several hours, and
    the orthogonal orientation of the low to mid-level flow in general
    relative to the terrain should further support locally enhanced
    rainfall rates.

    A look at the 12Z HREF guidance and experimental guidance
    including the latest NSSL/MPAS and WoFS solutions suggests a slow
    southeast advance of shower activity down into the Los Angeles
    Basin along with the adjacent terrain. Some rainfall rates going
    through early this evening are likely to exceed a 0.50"/hour with
    some spotty, but stronger convective showers near the terrain
    potentially fostering rates as high as 1"/hour. Additional
    rainfall totals going through early this evening may reach as high
    as 2 to 4 inches over the higher terrain, with 1 to 2 inches in
    the lower elevations.

    Given the new rounds of heavy rainfall, and extremely sensitive
    antecedent conditions, additional areas of flash flooding are
    likely with potential for dangerous and life-threatening impacts.
    This will include localized urban flash flooding concerns, a
    threat for new mud and rockslide activity, and also debris flows
    near and adjacent to any burn scar areas.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9tCd1fNUm3drPEqqNgsb-dyEzZuFTsPMoi3SvR4sV8id1rDF_qoI-bDx33w-rZvHuMCg= pTnQ6c56bFOr857iq0_-lF0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...MTR...SGX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37191917 36801870 36261839 35631845 35031837=20
    34701782 34331738 33891750 33751824 33851892=20
    34211976 34382045 34732060 35202058 35902039=20
    36871969=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Dec 25 21:08:07 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 252108
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-260900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1276
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    405 PM EST Thu Dec 25 2025

    Areas affected...Portions of Central and Northern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 252105Z - 260900Z

    SUMMARY...New rounds of heavy showers and thunderstorms are
    expected this afternoon through this evening for areas of central
    and northern CA, including the Bay Area. Given the saturated soil
    conditions and high streamflows, additional areas of flooding and
    flash flooding are likely.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-W IR/WV suite shows a deep upper
    trough and associated closed low offshore of the West Coast.
    Shortwave impulses continue to round the base of the trough and
    take aim on central and northern CA, with each impulse effectively
    driving renewed atmospheric river activity into the state.

    Solar insolation has facilitated sufficient levels of boundary
    layer heating across the northern portions of the Central Valley
    to result in SBCAPE values as high as 500 to 750 J/kg. This
    heating coupled with relatively divergent flow aloft downstream of
    the deep offshore upper trough/closed 500 mb low center will
    facilitate an increase in convective showers in the near-term
    across sizable areas of the Central Valley. Some locally organized line-segments will be possible given the elevated bulk shear
    parameters (30 to 50 kts), and this actually may become aligned
    with the deep layer flow for some periodic instances of
    cell-training.

    However, of greater significance will be the approach of a
    well-organized shortwave impulse rounding the base of the upper
    trough heading into the early evening hours. This shortwave energy
    which is well-depicted by the axis of cold convective cloud tops
    in IR satellite imagery along 125W to 130W will be ejecting
    northeast toward the northern CA coastal ranges in the 00Z to 03Z
    time frame, including the Bay Area. Thereafter, this new surge of
    energy and related Pacific-moisture transport should eject into
    the Central Valley and Sierra Nevada foothills. The coastal ranges
    and Sacramento Valley in particular will see the greatest IVT
    magnitudes. The 12Z GFS/ECMWF solutions suggest IVT values
    reaching into the 500 to 600 kg/m/s range with the aid of stronger
    low to mid-level southwest flow.

    The combination of this along with large-scale forcing/shear and
    at least modest boundary layer instability should set the stage
    for more organized bands of convection to approach the coastal
    ranges and then advance inland going into the evening hours. Heavy
    rainfall rates of 0.50" to 1"+/hour will be likely with these new
    rounds of heavy shower and thunderstorm activity.

    Additional rainfall totals by late this evening of 2 to 3 inches
    will be possible locally for the coastal ranges and especially the
    upslope areas of the northern Sierra Nevada foothills. Lesser
    totals of as much as 1 to 2 inches cannot ruled out in at least
    parts of the Sacramento Valley. By late this evening, this latest
    surge of energy and moisture should settle farther south into
    coastal ranges south of the Bay Area and adjacent areas of the
    Central Valley.

    Given the saturated soil conditions and high streamflows, these
    additional rains are likely to result in more areas of areal
    flooding and flash flooding, which will include urban flooding
    impacts (San Francisco, Sacramento, Chico and Redding all at risk)
    along with localized mud and landslide activity near areas of
    higher terrain.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-ottk6EO9X3DhmXLkaq_LhrYqExDpVA8k2z7-Xyqo_Zc6oWbZCMKZU6FtSSO45tk8kVr= vCEtkGhTo7CKh2iK1cj_1jE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...HNX...LOX...MFR...MTR...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41192196 40352163 39952136 39572073 39012031=20
    38592000 37901945 37291920 36791979 35902040=20
    35112065 35182118 35912190 37202260 37972308=20
    39012405 39682433 40372428 40802375 40872295=20
    41122238=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Dec 26 06:14:43 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 260614
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-261000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1277
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    113 AM EST Fri Dec 26 2025

    Areas affected...western Transverse Ranges / southern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 260612Z - 261000Z

    SUMMARY...Localized flash flooding is likely to continue across
    the western Transverse Ranges through 10Z (2 AM PST). Peak hourly
    rainfall of 0.5 to 1.0 inches and additional rainfall over the
    next 4 hours of 1 to 2 inches is expected, mainly from eastern
    Santa Barbara into Ventura counties.

    DISCUSSION...MRMS reflectivity and local gauge reports showed
    moderate to heavy rain continued to track across the Channel
    Islands into the western Transverse Ranges. Hourly rainfall has
    varied between 0.5 and 1.0 inches since 00Z and 3-hr totals ranged
    from roughly 0.75 to 1.5 inches ending 06Z, mainly within central
    Ventura County. This region of the western Transverse Ranges has
    been situated within a relative max in precipitable water values
    between 1.0 and 1.2 inches with a localized max observed on OSPO
    Layered PW imagery from the surface to ~500 mb pointed into the
    western Transverse Ranges. 850-700 mb layer winds were from the S
    to SSW at 25-40 kt with little change over the past few hours. The
    00Z VBG sounding and more recent aircraft-derived soundings showed
    instability was weak (MLCAPE less than or equal to 250 J/kg) and
    shallow, limiting lightning potential.

    Nearly stationary to perhaps slow eastward translation is forecast
    for the moisture axis through 10Z, out ahead of a larger scale
    mid/upper level trough axis over the eastern Pacific. Therefore,
    similar ingredients should remain in place for the region with
    850-700 mb winds between 25-40 kt supporting IVT values between
    300-500 kg/m/s. Weak/shallow instability combined with orographic
    ascent into the terrain will continue to favor peak hourly
    rainfall of 0.5 to 1.0 inches. Additional rainfall through 10Z of
    1-2 inches is expected (mainly within eastern Santa Barbara into
    Ventura County) which is likely to maintain localized flash
    flooding due to saturated soils and the majority of additional
    rainfall becoming runoff.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7xdk377ew3-HfJXl6wWFOeZ5TCj1i389a59mUWjUuYeZNMCESE3gRtvArR_MIkdiH-sG= PqIOgdVI09d7-rdd3wKjnfM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35222013 34881960 34961930 34941907 34771869=20
    34691858 34181855 33921903 34241965 34402042=20
    34842055=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Dec 26 08:59:15 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 260859
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-261800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1278
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    358 AM EST Fri Dec 26 2025

    Areas affected...eastern Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys into
    Sierra Nevada Foothills

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260856Z - 261800Z

    SUMMARY...A localized concern for additional flooding/flash
    flooding will exist across portions of the Sacramento and San
    Joaquin Valleys into the Sierra Nevada foothills through roughly
    18Z. Peak hourly rainfall of 0.25 to 0.5 inches will be possible,
    along with isolated hourly rainfall in excess of 0.5 inches.

    DISCUSSION...Area radar imagery from 0845Z showed scattered
    showers extending from the southern Sacramento Valley into the
    northern San Joaquin Valley and eastward into the Sierra Nevada.
    RAP analysis data and GPS-derived PWs ranged from 0.5 to 0.9
    inches and 850-700 mb winds were 30-50 kt from the southwest. Low
    level convergence has helped to focus a couple of SW to NE
    oriented axes of showers with brief training and hourly rainfall
    locally in excess of 0.5 inches per MRMS data. However,
    surrounding gauge data and a vast majority of the region contained
    peak hourly rainfall in the 0.25 to 0.50 inch range.

    As a longwave upper level trough axis over the eastern Pacific
    continues to translate eastward over the next 12 hours, total PW
    values and 850-700 mb wind speeds are forecast to gradually lower
    through 18Z which should have the effect of reducing higher hourly
    rainfall potential. Snow levels varied from 5000 ft (northern
    locations) to 8000 ft (southern locations) across the Sierra
    Nevada and lowering of these values will occur as the upper trough
    and colder air moves inland today. Until then however, localized
    potential will remain for brief areas of heavy rain with an
    additional 1-2 inches expected for some locations through 18Z. Due
    to largely saturated soils in many locations from recent heavy
    rainfall, additional heavy rainfall may lead to isolated
    flood/flash flooding including the possibility of
    landslides/mudslides.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!45fiue6QPyLVEwXtDh44fVO0rFR_8ROvcippO1XrAHZq_0Qqenz0GymvvfOdP477gfGz= 6QOztOkgmfg_Ye0ShoHvXw8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39552097 39132068 38832050 38532036 38082008=20
    37741980 37371944 36931893 36101864 35491856=20
    35401886 35721919 36281965 37002024 37722093=20
    38682127 39302143=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Dec 26 09:37:47 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 260937
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-261900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1279
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    437 AM EST Fri Dec 26 2025

    Areas affected...northern CA coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260935Z - 261900Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated pockets of showers containing hourly rainfall
    in the 0.25 to 0.5 inch range will continue a limited threat for
    flooding/flash flooding across portions of the northern CA coast
    through about 19Z.

    DISCUSSION...0930Z water vapor imagery from GOES West showed a
    mid-level low/vorticity max ~150 miles west of Cape Mendocino,
    slowly advancing easGPS PWstward toward the northern CA coast.
    GPS-derived PW values along the northern CA coast were 0.4 to 0.6
    inches with 850-700 mb mean layer winds peaking near 40 kt from
    the southwest. Increasing ascent ahead of the approaching low to
    mid-level low and a subtle increase in IVT values (up to ~350
    kg/m/s) are expected to bring yet another round of locally heavy
    rain to the region through the remainder of the night into the
    late morning.

    Peak hourly rainfall of 0.25 to 0.50 inches will be possible as
    the low approaches where weak and shallow MLCAPE up to ~500 J/kg
    will be present per recent RAP forecasts. While these rates are
    not typically a problem for the climatologically wet northern CA
    coast, 7-day rainfall values are well above average and saturated
    to nearly saturated soils could be sensitive to additional
    rainfall. There will be potential for an additional inch or so of
    rain through 19Z which may result in isolated landslides/mudslides
    and/or urban flooding through the rest of the morning hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9Vw0XqGFU03csV-wfMBmpT0d0WXdFw0HrhGqWokZzyE-GZOTnBx0SSfHr-uFvB6MrfzX= sbgMD0ba3LMH2B4sF7Hvwd4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...MTR...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41252417 41232369 40852368 40352349 40052341=20
    39722325 39282297 38762261 38562324 38892388=20
    39392423 40222470 40722458 41112433=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Dec 26 09:43:49 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 260943
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-261900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1279...Corrected
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    443 AM EST Fri Dec 26 2025

    Corrected for typo and addition within first paragraph

    Areas affected...northern CA coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260935Z - 261900Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated pockets of showers containing hourly rainfall
    in the 0.25 to 0.5 inch range will continue a limited threat for
    flooding/flash flooding across portions of the northern CA coast
    through about 19Z.

    DISCUSSION...0930Z water vapor imagery from GOES West showed a
    mid-level low/vorticity max ~150 miles west of Cape Mendocino,
    slowly advancing eastward toward the northern CA coast.
    GPS-derived PW values along the northern CA coast were 0.4 to 0.6
    inches with 850-700 mb mean layer winds peaking near 40 kt from
    the southwest. While the corresponding surface low (992 mb) is
    expected to weaken over the next 6-12 hours, increasing ascent
    ahead of the approaching low to mid-level low and a subtle
    increase in IVT values (up to ~350 kg/m/s) are expected to bring
    yet another round of locally heavy rain to the region through the
    remainder of the night into the late morning.

    Peak hourly rainfall of 0.25 to 0.50 inches will be possible as
    the low approaches where weak and shallow MLCAPE up to ~500 J/kg
    will be present per recent RAP forecasts. While these rates are
    not typically a problem for the climatologically wet northern CA
    coast, 7-day rainfall values are well above average and saturated
    to nearly saturated soils could be sensitive to additional
    rainfall. There will be potential for an additional inch or so of
    rain through 19Z which may result in isolated landslides/mudslides
    and/or urban flooding through the rest of the morning hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7cUis92kCnAv1SYIX1BnkZfC8PO2z0muo6pS5fcSJJR-u8sv3L0rZAz7Zy5cTv2v7Azu= HfhxekhLcAPq-eldFmJi8x8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...MTR...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41252417 41232369 40852368 40352349 40052341=20
    39722325 39282297 38762261 38562324 38892388=20
    39392423 40222470 40722458 41112433=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Dec 26 10:35:47 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 261035
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-262000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1280
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    535 AM EST Fri Dec 26 2025

    Areas affected...Transverse Ranges to southern CA coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 261034Z - 262000Z

    SUMMARY...Areas of flash flooding will continue to affect portions
    of the Transverse Ranges to the coast overnight into the late
    morning hours. Hourly rainfall values of 0.5 to 1.0 inches
    (locally higher) are likely which will maintain concerns for
    impacts including landslides/debris flows and urban flooding.

    DISCUSSION...1015Z radar imagery combined with local mesonet and
    personal weather observations out of southern CA continued to show
    areas of heavy rain within a narrow axis from the offshore waters
    into mainly Ventura County. Hourly rainfall over 1 inch has been
    observed in Ventura County with 3-hour totals of 1 to 2+ inches.
    Local Wunderground gauges showed a couple of 30 minute rainfall
    values over 0.5 inches within the past 2-3 hours near Ojai. These
    rains were associated with a slow moving low level convergence
    axis (remnant frontal boundary) that was oriented SSW to NNE
    across Ventura County with PW values of 1.0 to 1.2 inches along
    the coast and SSW 850-700 mb winds of 25-35 kt. Enhanced
    divergence aloft may also be contributing to increased rainfall
    intensity over the region, within the right-entrance region of a
    150 kt jet streak aloft located over the Sierra Nevada.

    Short term forecasts from the RAP show the low level convergence
    axis and localized max in IVT values (up to 500 kg/m/s) slowly
    advancing eastward over the next 6-9 hours. The result will be
    localized high rain rates into the terrain, slowly shifting east,
    given the favorable orthogonal orientation of the low level winds
    to the axis of terrain. Hourly rainfall of 0.5 to 1.0+ inches
    should advance eastward from Ventura County into Los Angeles
    County through 15Z, possibly clearing Los Angeles County after
    roughly 17Z. While the greatest potential for these higher rates
    will be in the upslope favored terrain, shallow/weak instability
    up to ~250 J/kg and short term training could support 0.5+ inch
    hourly rainfall into the lower elevation urban areas as well.
    Additional rainfall of 1 to 3 inches will be possible through 20Z
    with potential for higher impact localized flash flooding over
    sensitive burn scar locations in and around the Los Angeles metro.
    Given heavy rain over the past 2 days, many locations contain
    saturated soils with additional rainfall likely translating
    directly into runoff. With this rainfall, there will be the
    potential for dangerous travel and life-threatening impacts from
    flooding.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-LZMtVUrN3iB_BZn50erNlgWuVFx2Gz-S7kpwOFNwFuPHWglkqMScRyfzLUyJeQPHOuE= N6Uq6vXg3BsEMf321O9Vt3M$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...SGX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34811863 34471778 34201694 33671672 33361764=20
    33471824 33761916 34071955 34451952 34761922=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Dec 28 10:03:15 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 281003
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-MOZ000-IAZ000-281600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1281
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    502 AM EST Sun Dec 28 2025

    Areas affected...northern MO/southeastern IA/north-central
    IL/northwestern IN

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 281000Z - 281600Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated flash flooding will be possible from portions
    of northern MO, southeastern IA into north-central IL and
    northwestern IN through 16Z (10 AM CST). Rainfall of 1 to 2 inches
    in an hour will be possible with isolated 3 to 6 hour totals of
    2-3 inches.

    DISCUSSION...0945Z radar imagery Midwest showed scattered showers
    and embedded thunderstorms from northern MO, southern IA and
    central IL, located north of a quasi-stationary front that
    extended eastward from a 998 mb low just west of Salina, KS. SW to
    WSW 850 mb winds of 30-50 kt were in place to the east of the
    surface low with overrunning occurring atop the frontal boundary.
    OSPO ALPW imagery showed low level moisture rapidly advecting
    northward into the central U.S. beneath a plume of mid to upper
    level moisture with origins in the tropical eastern Pacific. Total
    PW values were estimated to be between 1.1 and 1.4 inches (SPC
    mesoanalysis) from eastern KS into western IN, which equate to +4
    to +5 standardized anomalies. The low level moisture return was
    allowing for the northward advection of instability and erosion of
    low level CINH amid 700-500 mb lapse rates of 7.0 to 7.5 C/km,
    supporting MUCAPE of 500-1500 J/kg from eastern KS into
    western/central MO via 09Z SPC mesoanalysis data. This change in
    the thermodynamic environment has been reflected in recent
    infrared satellite imagery showing bursts of colder cloud tops
    over northern MO and far southern IA.

    As the surface low over central KS moves eastward early this
    morning, strengthening low level flow will translate into MO and
    IL with 850 mb speeds locally exceeding 50 kt. Convergence at the
    nose of 925-850 mb moisture transport will align WSW to ENE or
    parallel to the mean steering flow. This will set up narrow axes
    of heavy rainfall with training and potential for hourly rainfall
    between 1 and 2 inches. The best overlap of low level convergence
    with moisture/instability will be from northern MO into
    north-central IL and northwestern IN through 16Z. Isolated
    flash/urban flooding may result from 2-3 inches of rain in 2-3
    hours. However, a lack of precipitation for this region of the
    U.S. over the past couple of weeks (lower than average soil
    moisture) and warmer than average temperatures (no/negligible
    frost depth) should limit runoff. Therefore, any flash flood
    concerns will likely be minor and remain limited to urban or
    sensitive low lying areas.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_YG17WL1A4Ubdi67KFfO43e18ICjEG2HKhTFDp5vHXyUA4EeS62zo9t6AgrSOJoLIuD2= e1GJtSo6yTGe-RHU4VJf4oo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DMX...DVN...EAX...ILX...IND...IWX...LOT...LSX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42178726 41658634 40918612 40448688 40038825=20
    39629015 39199219 39289312 39699398 40409379=20
    41329161 42118904=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jan 1 09:58:17 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 010958
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-011800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0001
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    457 AM EST Thu Jan 01 2026

    Areas affected...Southern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 011000Z - 011800Z

    SUMMARY...Flash flooding is possible from the Coastal Range to the
    Transverse Ranges where soils remain sensitive and saturated.
    Localized urban flash flooding around the greater Los Angeles
    metro area is also possible this morning.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-19 satellite imagery shows a compact 500mb low
    embedded within an increasingly negative 200-500mb mean trough
    located west of CA. This upper trough is working in concert with a
    700mb ridge near Cabo San Lucas to direct a highly anomalous plume
    of moisture into not only CA but much of the western U.S.. PWATs
    along the CA coast this morning are topping 1.25" and are above
    the 99th climatological percentile. IVT is also topping 500 kg/m/s
    and winds are out of the SW, which is supportive of some upslope
    enhancement along orthogonally-oriented terrain from the Coastal
    Range on south and east through the Transverse Ranges. As the
    triple point of an occluded low approaches, so will the nose of a
    500mb jet streak and low-level winds will strengthen off the
    coast. Steepening mid-level lapse rates are expected as the
    upper-low approaches and 00Z HREF guidance does show as much as
    250 J/kg of MUCAPE potentially available as far north as Big Sur
    this morning as a result.

    06Z HREF guidance shows high chance probabilities (>70%) for 6-hr
    rainfall totals >2" between 12-18Z along the San Bernadino
    Mountains and low-to-moderate chances (30-50%) along the San
    Gabriel. These are the mountain ranges most susceptible to
    potential flash flooding in wake of last week's significant flood
    event and lingering burn scars. As the the dry slot quickly moves
    in by 18Z, the core of the heaviest rainfall should move north and
    east with only lingering upslope flow keeping periods of rain
    around the Transverse and Peninsular Ranges. Given the low FFG's
    and sensitive soils in the higher terrain, as well as locally
    heavy rainfall rates around the highly urbanized Los Angeles metro
    area, flash flooding is possible this New Year's Day morning. Note
    that rock slides and debris flows are also possible in the
    Transverse Ranges where soils and burn scars are highly sensitive.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-pdJyxrIMrPLOD6igfuFQaU8Rv3UjlFuGAZequATOa06undIguDAQQi2SQYpTIG3hqbn= eJxporhP2q85F16qxrDgius$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...MTR...SGX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36632190 36542164 36222137 35922107 35642076=20
    35252039 35022004 34881962 34851903 34941860=20
    34781831 34491824 34481790 34491738 34371706=20
    34221696 34061748 33891770 33651837 33821908=20
    34241954 34332017 34392067 35062099 35792164=20
    36092200 36412207=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jan 1 15:21:51 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 011521
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-012120-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0002
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1020 AM EST Thu Jan 01 2026

    Areas affected...portions of southern California

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 011520Z - 012120Z

    Summary...Deep convection along and ahead of a surface cold front
    located about 85 miles west of San Diego will continue to foster a
    flash flood risk across the discussion area through 21Z/1p Pacific
    Time.

    Discussion...Areas of deep convection persist especially in/near terrain-favored upslope regions of the discussion area currently.=20
    The convection was being supported by mid-level cooling (which has
    fostered a pool of ~250 J/kg SBCAPE over Pacific and near-coastal
    regions of the discussion area), orographic ascent (sponsored by
    25-30 knot 850mb flow against Transverse and Peninsular coastal
    ranges), and 1-1.3 inch PW values - supporting efficient rainfall
    processes in/near convective activity. Recent MRMS/observational
    data depicts an uptick of rain rates in both Los Angeles Metro
    (into the 0.4 inch/hr range) and across San Diego County (where
    0.5-0.8 inch/hr rates were estimated). These rain rates were
    occuring over urban areas and near sensitive terrain from prior
    flash flood impacts, burn scars, and terrain. Flash flooding
    remains possible in these areas in the short term.

    Models/observations suggest that the aforementioned Pacific cold
    front will traverse the region from west to east and bring a
    substantial decrease in flood/flash flood potential over time.=20
    For the Los Angeles area and Transverse Ranges, this risk will
    likely extend into the 18-20Z timeframe before decreasing some.=20
    The front will take a bit longer to cross San Diego and adjacent
    Peninsular Ranges (around 21Z or so). Flash flooding will remain
    possible through the aforementioned timeframes.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6E_IiCTFWyRPvFYk288JNEQ4usNjEugJcYFb_BEOQMvQUtQtZ-envxiDu0hzGaAhh2h-= leCiEekM3pcilfnc8-zSexU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...PSR...SGX...VEF...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35241857 35091802 34771717 34251662 33621619=20
    32831597 32531613 32461695 32551746 33081815=20
    33981872 34691879=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 3 09:01:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 030901
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-031800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0003
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    400 AM EST Sat Jan 03 2026

    Areas affected...The Western Transverse Ranges of Southern
    California

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 030900Z - 031800Z

    SUMMARY...Flash flooding is likely across the Western Transverse
    Ranges this morning as rainfall rates to 1 inch/hour lead to flash
    flooding and landslides, especially around burn scars.

    DISCUSSION...A highly dynamic weather pattern has set up across
    portions of California. A deep upper level low and associated
    upper level shortwave are approaching the West Coast. The
    shortwave is tapping into a moisture plume set up off the coast of
    Mexico and advecting some deeper tropical moisture towards the
    coast. PWATs will be increasing to over 1 inch, which is 2.5 sigma
    above normal for this time of year. Thus, as a series of surface
    fronts (not shown) approach, the addition of upper level energy
    from the shortwave and abnormal moisture will allow for rainfall
    rates to increase to up to 1 inch per hour into the western
    Transverse Ranges this morning.

    850 mb southerly flow of 20-30 kts will support increasing upslope
    enhancement of the rainfall, which will support the heavier
    rainfall locally from Lompoc east through Oxnard, including Santa
    Barbara. NASA Sport imagery shows soils are above the 90th
    percentile compared to climatology across the area. Thus, a brief
    period of heavier rain rates, expected later this morning, should
    be all that is needed to fully saturate the soils. Additional
    rainfall from there will quickly convert to runoff. This runoff
    will fill small streams and creeks, as well as increase the
    potential for landslides. Downstream flash flooding, particularly
    below the numerous burn scars in the area, is likely through this
    morning. The area of heavy rainfall, while progressive, will still
    be slow to track eastward down the coast. Any one area should see
    anywhere from 3 to 6 hours of rain, heavy at times, before the
    plume moves off to the east.

    The latest CAMs guidance suggests that by the time the area of
    heavy rain arrives into the heart of the Los Angeles basin this
    afternoon, it should both be weakening and narrowing. Thus, while
    Los Angeles is expected to pick up some rain later this afternoon,
    rainfall rates are not expected to be quite as heavy, so impacts
    should be somewhat limited.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-sz0p95xYO4NyQz7eawzmC7FC3Xcj-GxL5rzwc8o3o2CAHu5PvVWlLlY6cl-vNBdB_cr= QJlP1sRs0SX0ITy5ulgmzI4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LOX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35572092 35572058 35572025 35462016 35311989=20
    35091962 34861946 34751915 34641845 34521835=20
    34121866 34001899 34161953 34392077 35432121=20
    35492116=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 3 17:52:48 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 031752
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-040200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0004
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1251 PM EST Sat Jan 03 2026

    Areas affected...Southern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 031750Z - 040200Z

    SUMMARY...Excessive Rainfall rates around 1"/hr will likely lead
    to additional flash flooding along the Coastal Range and Topatopa
    Mountains today where soils are sensitive due to recent heavy
    rainfall. Burn scars in the area are also prone to flash flooding
    and debris flows. Localized urban-induced flash flooding may occur
    in the suburbs north and west of Los Angeles

    DISCUSSION...Doppler Radar shows a narrow band of
    moderate-to-heavy rain oriented SW-to-NE over the Santa Ynez and
    San Rafael Mountains. A narrow squall line ahead of the cold front
    is also analyzed just west of Santa Barbara where a couple rain
    gauges southeast of Solvang have reported ~1"/hr rainfall totals.
    Aside from the squall, most 1-hour rainfall observations show
    0.5" totals as the band of heavy rain marches east towards Santa
    Barbara. Some 3-hr totals have reached 1.75", which also coincides
    with 1-hr averaged rainfall rates just over 0.5". This ribbon of
    rainfall is embedded just ahead of an approaching cold front with
    the warm sector approaching the Santa Barbara Channel. As the warm
    front collides with the western Transverse Ranges, a sliver of
    100-250 J/kg of MUCAPE will become available within a highly
    saturated atmosphere. Latest RAP forecast soundings near Oxnard
    show PWATs approaching 1.25" (above the 97.5 climatological
    percentile) and a fully saturated warm-cloud layer that is 9,000ft
    deep. Latest 12Z HREF probabilistic guidance does show moderate
    chances (40-60%) for 6-hour rainfall totals >3" over the Topatopa
    Mountains in Ventura County with similar probabilities along the
    Santa Ynez just north of Santa Barbara.

    As the frontal system moves east, so will the shield of heavy
    rainfall as it heads for the L.A. metro area. However, PWATs
    approaching 1.25" will retreat over off the coast and 850mb winds
    south of L.A. will tend to be weaker than the >30kt winds farther
    west. Therefore, rainfall rates should struggle to get much higher
    than 0.5"/hr except for the mountain ranges to the north and west
    where upslope enhancement will play a big role. In terms of
    impacts, the Santa Ynez, San Rafael, and Topatopa are of greatest
    concern given their lingering high soil moisture content (>95th
    soil moisture percentile in sfc-100 cm layer) and burn scars in
    these ranges. Debris flows and rock slides cannot be ruled out,
    particularly within burn scars. As for the urbanized communities,
    recent heavy rainfall has made soils sensitive and the greater
    concentration in hydrophobic surfaces naturally provides some
    flash flood concerns. Given the decreasing rates this afternoon,
    however, any flash flooding would generally be ponding on roads
    that could pose a hydroplane threat for motorists. In summary, the
    mountains north and west of L.A. are likely to witness additional
    flash flooding today, although localized flash flooding in more
    urbanized settings north and west of L.A. cannot be fully ruled
    out.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-7HaO-2_1JAsI4qeaTRyryPz2LAxCyYFSoB0xzT6DK0BMumMO9tgiqjxmTRaGq3lfeD3= Kt9uO69SZ7BkF6l3r30Lzy4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LOX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35201980 34861950 34741920 34761878 34731841=20
    34471830 34191839 33971867 34151933 34281964=20
    34331992 34402043 34712047 35142022=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Jan 4 20:35:33 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 042035
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-050400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0005
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    334 PM EST Sun Jan 04 2026

    Areas affected...Southern CA Coastal Mountains

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 042030Z - 050400Z

    SUMMARY...Narrow squall of heavy rain and embedded thunderstorms
    may produce rainfall rates up to 1"/hr. Given the highly saturated
    and sensitive soils along the Coastal Range and Santa Ynez
    mountains, flash flooding and mudslides are possible again this
    afternoon.

    DISCUSSION...Doppler Radar showed a potent squall line approaching
    Vandenberg AFB at 20Z moving east ahead of a weakening cold front.
    Compared to yesterday, PWATs are generally topping out between
    0.9-1.0" within the squall, a little less than yesterday. However,
    these values are still above the 90th climatological percentile
    and RAP mesoanalysis also shows the southern CA coast has >250
    J/kg of MUCAPE at these storms disposal. In addition, these
    squalls have upper-level support as the are located beneath the
    right-entrance region of a 120kt 250mb jet streak located over the
    central Sierra Nevada. Lastly, 925-700mb winds remain out of the
    SW and generally between 20-30kts, which is just strong enough and
    oriented favorably enough to support some upslope enhancement into
    the Coastal Range and Santa Ynez. With anomalous moisture,
    sufficient instability, beneficial synoptic-scale ascent, and
    topographic enhancement, these storms are likely to produce
    locally heavy rainfall as they move east.

    The soil sensitivities in the region have only grown worse since
    yesterday. MRMS CREST soil saturation over southern Santa Barbara
    County is over 85% and most locations within the highlighted
    at-risk area are over 50%. A recent FFW near Ventura referenced an
    LSR that mentioned more issues along highway 101 with one vehicle
    stuck in mud. That band of rainfall produced roughly 1.3" in under
    3 hours near Red Mountain and prompted flash flooding/mudslide
    issues. This approaching squall is more potent, however it is also
    progressive, which should help limit the extent of the flash flood
    potential. That said, the recent FFW near Ventura captures the
    most notable concern-- soils and burn scars in the area are highly
    sensitive and even hourly rates of 0.50-0.75" in an hour could
    prompt flash flooding and mud slides in the Santa Ynez. Expect
    rainfall totals to surpass 1" in the mountains which could be
    enough to trigger more flash flooding in southern Santa Barbara
    county this afternoon. Given the lingering instability and forcing
    aloft, additional cells could flare up over the Santa Barbara
    channel this afternoon and pose a flash flood threat into this
    evening.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5Qm--u4W-pSVK6xYxIwpTyDdgOjKxMsGhyoJ2zRpUOLE5MDP6Vdh9MaSfyAvfcYSvvwp= xwMHw3UfdSvE1h9YTlIJdRg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LOX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35682058 35402035 35091995 34881962 34761913=20
    34721859 34521867 34291923 34271965 34241980=20
    34311997 34412060 34552073 34962083 35222099=20
    35542098=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Jan 5 18:56:45 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 051856
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-060400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0006
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    156 PM EST Mon Jan 05 2026

    Areas affected...north-central CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 051854Z - 060400Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated flood/flash flood impacts will be possible
    across portions of central to northern CA through the late
    evening. Peak hourly rainfall of 0.50 to 0.75 inches and peak
    additional total rainfall of 2 to 3 inches (locally higher
    possible) can be expected through 06Z.

    DISCUSSION...GOES West 6.9 micron imagery showed a mid-level
    vorticity max/closed low centered near 36.6N 127.0W at 18Z,
    embedded within a larger scale trough axis off of the West Coast.
    At the surface, low pressure was located ~70 miles northwest of
    Point Arena, with a cold front extending south and southwest. Over
    the past few hours bands of moderate to heavy rain have been
    observed moving across the northern CA Coastal Ranges with current
    radar imagery showing an axis of locally heavy rain oriented SSW
    to NNE into the North Bay region of San Francisco. In addition,
    infrared imagery showed a band of colder cloud tops just ahead of
    the cold front where weak MLCAPE values up to ~250 J/kg were
    estimated by short term RAP forecasts and SPC mesoanalysis data.

    850-700 mb winds were from the southwest at 30 to 40 kt ahead of
    the offshore trough axis into north-central CA with PWAT values
    ranging from 0.6 inches within the northern Sacramento Valley to
    about 0.9 inches just west of San Francisco Bay. Short term
    guidance is in good agreement with the track of the mid-level
    vorticity max/closed low slowly advancing toward the CA coast
    between Point Arena and San Francisco through about 03Z at which
    point stalling and eventual southward translation are forecast.
    The effect of these larger scale features will translate at the
    surface to a SSW to NNE band of heavy rain advancing eastward
    toward the central CA coast with embedded peak hourly rainfall
    between 0.5 and 0.75 inches (locally higher possible) through the
    afternoon and evening. Hourly rainfall up to about 0.5 inches in
    an hour will be likely for the northern Sacramento Valley where
    weak MLCAPE values up to 250 J/kg area forecast by the RAP from
    about 00Z-04Z.

    Recent heavy rainfall has left this region of CA more susceptible
    to heavy rainfall compared to normal, and there will be the
    typical enhancement of heavy rain impacts in and around the San
    Francisco Bay region to contend with. Within areas of higher
    terrain, localized landslides/rockslides will be possible and
    flooding of creeks, streams, urban areas and other
    low-lying/flood-prone locations will remain possible through about
    04Z. Beyond 04Z, low level winds are likely to weaken and orient
    more parallel to the coastline, diminishing the potential for
    flooding impacts across the region.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5yfdRhNsr5-w98AcBLIkgKfg5dwl82xgBx00_2ai_nPnbtaLIKpLyJFPncQgplhC3Gld= GFEcRSBOU4e1ZIqU2XZx8Rg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...MTR...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41122240 41062196 40692174 40362164 39812141=20
    39542172 38992204 38132212 37402214 36942223=20
    36952281 37572330 38122362 38962364 39842330=20
    40422311 40932275=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jan 9 09:13:41 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 090913
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-091501-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0007
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    412 AM EST Fri Jan 09 2026

    Areas affected...Central Mississippi...Eastern and Northeastern
    Louisiana...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 090911Z - 091501Z

    SUMMARY...Flattening steering flow to support segmented training
    corridors across the Lower Mississippi River Valley.=20
    Strengthening convergence and modestly unstable and seasonably
    moist air should support rain rates to 1.75" and localized streaks
    of 2-4" in 1-3hrs. Suggesting localized flash flooding is
    possible this morning to start a longer day of repeat
    thunderstorms.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV suite shows mature/decaying shortwave
    rapidly elongating and sliding northeast through the central Great
    Lakes with a well defined broadly anticyclonically curved
    subtropical jet streak across Texas through KY/TN with a stronger
    base of the northern stream synoptic trough well upstream emerging
    into the southern High Plains. The strong flow and upper-level
    dynamic support has resulted in well above normal moisture flux
    across the Mississippi River Valley into the Great Lakes; CIRA LPW
    denotes core of higher moisture/theta-E air over the West Gulf is
    advancing into the entrance of the eastern US atmospheric river
    stream. Surface to 850mb values are nearing 1" and is noted with
    surface Tds in the upper 60s to even spots of 70 across the Lower
    MS Valley.=20

    The overall orientation of the upper-level flow is supporting a
    pre-frontal confluence zone across E LA at this time, providing
    sufficient deep layer convergence to tap the weakly unstable air.
    MLCAPEs are analyzed from 500-1000 J/kg through the Sabine River
    Valley into the Delta Region of SE AR and W MS. Flux convergence
    of 30-35kts at about 30 degrees of convergence overlaps with the
    core of the moisture axis with TPW near 1.7". As such, RADAR
    denotes a few clusters of thunderstorms developing across NE LA as
    well as further north across NE LA into W MS, the latter deeper
    into the more ideal unidirectional flow and may support some
    training elements as the overall convective development expands
    and intensifies over the next few hours. The strong moisture flux
    convergence mainly below 700mb will support rates of 1.75"; and
    while the forward speeds will limit any specific core, the
    upstream divergence aloft and strength of low level flow
    convergence will support back-building and redevelopment upstream
    through central LA throughout the morning.

    Localized storm outflows may be the key to establishing the most
    ideal training profiles, but even 1-2 hours of these rates could
    support 2-3" totals and locally higher values to 4" would then
    begin to exceed the high (3"/3hrs) FFG values in the area.=20
    00z/06z HREF Probability of 3"/3hrs peak around 30% in SW to
    central MS. Still even with dormant ground conditions, these
    rates/totals will have the greatest potential for flash
    flooding/rapid inundation conditions where intersecting urban
    centers. In any case, these cells will saturate the upper soil
    profiles prior to further convective activity expected throughout
    the day and evening. As such, flash flooding is only considered
    possible and limited to widely scattered in coverage through the
    early morning period.=20=20=20=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9acKgA_eVUQUbWukkTDJ3cwSbuwKek4CYWoR60Ef7vNo7XSoV4CCLFqlziyioqp90ODj= KtIhNIYw04qxDKJ-RKVXHog$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LCH...LIX...MEG...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34138908 34058839 33498829 32868864 32288915=20
    31568980 30709050 30919161 30929254 31469279=20
    32169248 33289103 33719020=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jan 9 15:16:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 091516
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-092000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0008
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1015 AM EST Fri Jan 09 2026

    Areas affected...southeastern LA, southern MS, western AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 091514Z - 092000Z

    SUMMARY...Peak rain rates of 2 to 3 in/hr are expected to produce
    at least Isolated flash flooding from northern portions of
    southeastern LA into southern MS and parts of western AL through
    20Z. 6-hr rainfall of 3 to 5 inches will be possible, through
    these higher end totals should remain rather isolated should they
    materialize.

    DISCUSSION...Radar imagery from 15Z showed a axis of heavy rain
    oriented ENE from the LA/MS border across the I-55 corridor into
    south-central MS and portions of western AL. This axis was located
    within an area of pre-frontal low level convergence, augmented by
    rain-cooled outflow that extended from near Baton Rouge, LA to
    Hattiesburg, MS to Thomasville, AL. 925 mb winds of 25-35 kt were
    observed over southeastern LA into southern MS, converging along
    this axis which was oriented parallel to the mean steering flow,
    supporting training. Hourly rainfall near and just over 2 inches
    has been observed near the LA/MS border within the past 2 hours
    where MLCAPE of 500-1000 J/kg and PWATs of 1.7 to 1.8 inches were representative of the environment, reported on the 12Z soundings
    from LIX and JAN.

    Short term guidance from the RAP shows similar low level flow
    continuing over the next few hours with the establishing cold pool
    likely serving as a focus for renewed convective development
    through 18Z to 19Z from the LA/MS border into southern MS. ENE
    steering flow is likely to support cells moving downstream into
    western AL while some upstream development occurs back to the WSW.
    The environment is capable of supporting hourly rainfall in the
    2-3 inch range, although 1 to 2 inches per hour will be more
    common. Localized potential for 3 to 5 inches over the next 6
    hours will exist with at least localized flash flooding appearing
    likely, especially within any urban areas and as high rain rates
    overcome dry antecedent conditions.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_TyiPQgtr4G0Ii50gtuvjxeex8vVdO5evYOP54YZtWf02QDLtAIGPEdd-TkMEu8RjjIG= d01F8d6HGazeOuastO5EijM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32848772 32518711 31988718 31498776 30978897=20
    30569019 30009159 30399210 31319161 32108995=20
    32618877=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jan 9 20:05:18 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 092005
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-100100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0009
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    304 PM EST Fri Jan 09 2026

    Areas affected...south-central LA into south-central MS and
    western/central AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 092003Z - 100100Z

    SUMMARY...Relatively narrow axes (or a single axis) of heavy rain
    appear likely to maintain an increased flash flood potential into
    the early evening from south-central LA into south-central MS and western/central AL. 2 to 4 inches and areas of flash flooding will
    be likely within portions of this corridor with locally higher
    rain totals possible.

    DISCUSSION...Radar imagery from 1945Z showed a persistent axis of
    moderate to heavy rain from near the southeastern LA/MS border
    into south-central MS and western AL which has been in roughly the
    same location over the past 3-4 hours. Embedded hourly rainfall
    has been observed in the 1-2 inch range at times and roughly 2 to
    4 inches have fallen from near Baton Rouge into south-central MS
    as far east as Waynesboro, MS since early this morning. A
    combination of rain-cooled outflow and a slightly elevated axis of
    convergence located within 925-850 mb layer have helped to focus
    these areas of heavy rain over the past few hours where MLCAPE has
    increased into the 500-1500 J/kg range from the southern MS/AL
    border toward Lake Pontchartrain (via SPC mesoanalysis data).
    Additional rainfall was occurring farther north in AL along the
    elevated convergence axis where 2 to 3 inches was reported over
    the past 6 hours, but a lack of instability has tempered rainfall
    rates across northern locations. Radar imagery also showed
    additional thunderstorms building over the I-10 corridor of
    south-central LA, rooted near the surface within weaker/more
    subtle axes of near surface convergence.

    RAP forecast guidance suggests an inflection point along the
    convergence axis (currently over the south-central MS/AL border)
    will advance northeastward in the short term while the axis of
    convergence to its west lifts slightly north. Meanwhile, the WSW
    to ENE oriented outflow boundary in place over south-central MS is
    likely to continue to serve as a focus for additional thunderstorm
    development. Therefore, expectations are for continued
    thunderstorms over the region through early evening, initiating
    along and just north of the surface outflow and farther north on
    elevated convergence with training via mean movement off toward
    the ENE. Embedded short term training may also occur with the
    thunderstorms moving northward through south-central LA.

    Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches, but localized hourly rainfall in
    excess of 2 inches is expected through early evening from southern
    portions of the Lower Mississippi Valley into western/central AL.
    The better instability is forecast to remain situated west of the
    MS/AL border but pockets of locally higher instability into
    portions of AL may also support flash flooding to the east as
    well. Given dry antecedent conditions leading up to this event,
    flash flooding potential will be greatest over urban areas and
    where heavy rain has fallen over the past 12 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9m4qxItj-dnwomeDGXhQp86jHguqhmSXSAAR6bEQjaMBomi8lsV-t-Am1_0oAWUcpSxH= eCihXcSKifpS29MX2Hrx8sk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33568684 33488628 33168594 32648596 32198649=20
    31858711 31258872 30868957 30379076 30359177=20
    30639220 31179203 31969105 32449012 32698924=20
    33208778=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 01:47:19 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100147
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-100545-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0010
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    846 PM EST Fri Jan 09 2026

    Areas affected...Parts of Southern MS into western-central AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100145Z - 100545Z

    SUMMARY...A relatively narrow corridor of cell training will
    maintain the potential for isolated areas of flash flooding
    through the remainder of the evening. Additional rainfall totals
    of 2 to 3 inches are expected across many locales within this
    corridor through midnight CST, though isolated amounts of 4-5
    inches areas are expected.

    DISCUSSION...Latest GOES-E longwave IR imagery showed a well
    developed, rather expansive west-to-east Warm Conveyor Belt (WCB)
    of higher/colder cloud tops from northern Mexico northeast through
    eastern TX and into the Mid-South and TN Valley. Robust upper
    trough over the southern Rockies-High Plains and attendant upper
    level jet streak on the eastern flank is helping to enhance the
    deep-layer forcing and low-level frontogenesis ahead of the
    approaching cold front, which will coincide with the boost in the
    low-level moisture transport from the Gulf as 850 mb winds
    increase to 30-40 kts later this evening.

    Meanwhile, a narrow axis of higher deep-layer CAPE (1000-1500+
    J/Kg) will also nudge northeastward from the Gulf Coast into
    southern MS and southern-central AL, coinciding with PWs climbing
    between 1.8 and 2.0" in the expanding pre-frontal convective
    environment. Multiple, quasi-linear convective segments will tend
    to train within this narrowing corridor of more optimal
    instability and available PW. The mesoscale (CAM) guidance has
    struggled a bit handling the current setup, compared to the radar
    mosaic over the past few hours. Recent HRRR and RRFS runs have
    caught up a bit however. High res ensembles (HREF and RRFS)
    probabilities of hourly rainfall rates exceeding 1-2" are a bit
    lower than reality (especially the 2"/hr probabilities),
    indicative that the event may only just now be getting better
    handled by the guidance. Much of the CAM guidance show the
    heaviest rainfall south of BHM through midnight CST, however with
    notably lower FFG over northeast MS and northern AL, it would not
    take as much rainfall to cause additional runoff issues,
    especially considering what has already fallen.

    Hurley

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6j7wsjsHr8ga0tgXnpJ4FOHJWysiSmMEDaIqyT_p8lovh63Ekd-FfvWNITKFWu9QqJ3u= x9ZuW_d7bZj_84atsYa08l0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HUN...JAN...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34198699 32868611 31658789 30709029 31699073=20
    33308893=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 04:44:22 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100444
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-TXZ000-101000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0011
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1142 PM EST Fri Jan 09 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast to East Texas...Western and Northern
    Louisiana...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100445Z - 101000Z

    SUMMARY...Strengthening scattered to widely scattered
    thunderstorms capable of 1.5"/hr and localized 2-3" totals given
    some short-duration training potential for flanking cell
    development. Greater soil saturation/lower FFG, north and
    proximity to Houston metro/urban runoff to south pose localized
    possible incident or two for flash flooding through overnight
    period.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR mosaic and 10.3um IR loop depict a few
    stronger thunderstorm clusters extending from near Victoria
    northeastward across Southeast TX toward a weak surface low near
    KOCH. East of the low, a west to east stationary front crosses
    near I-20 and recently saturated upper soil profiles given broad
    1-2" totals throughout the day. Surface to boundary layer
    southerly flow continues to advect upper 60s/low 70s Tds with
    modestly unstable air mass in the warm sector with MLCAPE values
    remaining at or above 1000 J/kg with spots of 2000 J/kg near the
    Upper TX coast. Upper level jet streak continues to expand and
    strengthen across the Ozark Plateau though broad right entrance
    ascent is providing strong divergence aloft and supporting the
    slightly backed and 20-25kts of low-level jet flow to obliquely
    intersect the slowly eastward advancing cold front.=20

    While mid to upper levels remain dry, the anomalous moisture
    remains though 700mb with over 1.5" and spots nearing 1.75" within
    the warm sector. This results in solid moisture flux convergence
    and solid instability to maintain/expand the convective coverage
    though likely still in a scattered nature over the next few hours.
    Flux convergence is supporting moderately efficient rainfall
    production with 1.5-1.75"/hr rates. Forward progression will
    continue to be a limiting factor toward 2-3" streaks of rainfall
    totals across the area of concern, especially as the core of the
    jet (and therefore the right entrance divergence) shift
    northeastward and direct circulation allows for faster progression
    of the cold front through the TX Coastal Plain.=20

    Overall totals are not a tremendous concern across the Coastal
    Plain, with a solid exception of the hydrophobic urban/suburban
    corridor of Houston. The sheer rates would be the greatest
    potential and even slight probability of localized 2"/hr rates may
    be sufficient to result in localized flooding concerns. Further
    north across the northern Piney Woods of E TX into Northern LA,
    the recent rainfall will locally result in above normal runoff,
    and compromised FFG values of less than 2"/hr and 3"/3hr remain
    capable of being exceeded again. As such, a few incidents of
    localized flash flooding will remain possible through the
    overnight period as the front presses through from west to east.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5e45rP2JunIuVcPEhh0jU35Epu8JkIn1Nkw9iyBplNfFJrna5KVV_1R27PiPw8ZbzmRa= 2_o7E4DnM3kcR0t4xyG5GNM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HGX...JAN...LCH...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32959190 32879118 32299104 31379165 30549283=20
    29959426 29399553 29649617 30229584 30649558=20
    31419478 32189422 32789339 32919271=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 05:36:51 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100536
    FFGMPD
    GAZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-101100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0012
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1236 AM EST Sat Jan 10 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast MS...Central AL...Northwestern GA...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100535Z - 101100Z

    SUMMARY...Rainfall intensity is reducing though there remains a
    continued favorable training environment and persistent warm air
    advection for additional upstream development to maintain training
    through the overnight period. Already wetted/saturated soils
    with additional 2-3" may result in localized possible flash
    flooding.

    DISCUSSION...04z Surface analysis depicts main synoptic front
    bisects Middle TN into eastern MS before it starts to bend back
    westward across central MS to near Vicksburg and along I-20 under
    the influence of the upstream DPVA from the shearing upper level
    trough and strong 130kt+ jet over the Ozark Plateau. Still, the
    influence of the initial shortwave and atmospheric river/stream
    out of the western Gulf yesterday continues to slide northeastward
    across central AL toward the Southern Appalachians later this
    morning. VWP shows broad 25-40kt LLJ from SE LA across AL into
    western GA; which aligns with the core of enhanced moisture per
    CIRA LPW sfc-850 and 850-700mb layers with .75-.9" and .4-.5" in
    each layer respectively. RAP analysis and GPS network confirm
    1.75" core in central AL sliding northward.

    The flow through this layer remains strong and nearly
    unidirectional from 850 upward to support a narrow training
    profile for ongoing/weakening convection and anything that would
    redevelop upstream. The surface to boundary layer does still have
    some additional southerly component and surface
    analysis/instability axis denotes an effective rain-cooled
    isentropic ascent plain/front extending from the main front near
    Vicksburg to Jackson to south of Meridian to near Montgomery. As
    such mildly unstable air with 500-1000 J/kg of MUCAPE south of the
    boundary will isentropically ascend to provide some scattered
    thunderstorm activity upstream. This should help to maintain some
    training profile across central AL with occasional 1.5-1.75"/hr
    rates and localized 2-3" streaks, eventually extending toward W GA
    with slowly diminishing rates and therefore totals.

    However, given the prolonged nature, short term FFG values may not
    be exceeded except for areas already compromised across Southeast
    MS and far SW AL and urban centers along the way. However, add
    this 1-3" totals to the 1-2" totals already fallen across AL into
    GA and longer term exceedance is possible, suggesting localized
    flash flooding conditions remain possible through the overnight
    period into early morning.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!435-j2SzxdSRBUw-cE0OMsONPir6gcMUx4lDPm-ZmspqOtZkTROIgK4FzQEfJoUP2Gal= mFisCP7jRcMnc0sYzE9_uBw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...JAN...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34408506 34308429 33678411 33238444 32488549=20
    31648728 31158841 31198950 31919077 32649045=20
    33158827 33538722 34128572=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 08:30:24 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100830
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-101330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0013
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    329 AM EST Sat Jan 10 2026

    Areas affected...Eastern Louisiana...Southern Mississippi

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100830Z - 101330Z

    SUMMARY...Pre-frontal confluence band activating within narrow
    remaining instability axis in proximity to moisture axis enough to
    support 1.75-2"/hr rates. Cell motions support some short-term
    repeating though already saturated/flooded areas. As such,
    localized flash flooding is likely to occur again through early
    morning.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E 10.3um and Regional RADAR depict an area of
    increasing convective development along a low level confluence
    line extending from near Marsh Island across Baton Rouge, LA
    toward McComb MS before intersecting with a broader west to east
    rainfall reinforced outflow or effective isentropic boundary. RAP
    analysis depicts a narrow instability axis with 1500-1750 J/kg of
    MLCAPE and generally aligns with the western edge of slightly
    higher low level moisture where Tds climb above 70 a few degrees.=20
    VWP also note an increase in low level wind speeds toward 40+kts
    and remain fairly unidirectional through 500mb well ahead of the
    frontal zone. As such, there remains a favorable training
    orientation for the convection. SPC MCD 18 alludes to favorable
    shear environment for some rotating cells as well, further
    increasingly moisture flux convergence allowing for rates to reach
    1.75-2"/hr potentially. Upstream cold front is starting to press
    eastward, but there remains a few hours of potential training of
    these cells. This matches most closely to the 00z ARW solution as
    well as recent RAP runs though other rapid refresh guidance
    provides some increased confidence to this evolution.

    Unfortunately, the orientation appears to intersect locations that
    had received over 4" yesterday afternoon. This has resulted in
    compromised FFG values below 2"/hr for solid portion of the MPD
    area of concern and with 1-2 hours of training spots of additional
    2-3" are probable and would likely result in localized flash
    flooding to occur once again across far northern East Louisiana
    into Southern MS. Combine this with any remaining convective
    cells along the cold front passing through by 14-15z, consider the
    potential for flash flooding to once again be likely across this
    area into the early morning hours.=20=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4aacJg2RqFJ5V8-2vwdZ2lKcSM8fYZxP72KCyyCnUC5vlx1yoCazj4zpzWsinq-zZNFh= viusEplqvv9jnVIymFAi_pU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33058867 32998809 32558766 31878777 31448828=20
    31178870 30878924 30549032 30359117 30689162=20
    31319135 31909091 32838963=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 08:34:58 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100834
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-101330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0013...Corrected
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    334 AM EST Sat Jan 10 2026

    Corrected for Concerning line: Flash Flooding Likely

    Areas affected...Eastern Louisiana...Southern Mississippi

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 100830Z - 101330Z

    SUMMARY...Pre-frontal confluence band activating within narrow
    remaining instability axis in proximity to moisture axis enough to
    support 1.75-2"/hr rates. Cell motions support some short-term
    repeating though already saturated/flooded areas. As such,
    localized flash flooding is likely to occur again through early
    morning.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E 10.3um and Regional RADAR depict an area of
    increasing convective development along a low level confluence
    line extending from near Marsh Island across Baton Rouge, LA
    toward McComb MS before intersecting with a broader west to east
    rainfall reinforced outflow or effective isentropic boundary. RAP
    analysis depicts a narrow instability axis with 1500-1750 J/kg of
    MLCAPE and generally aligns with the western edge of slightly
    higher low level moisture where Tds climb above 70 a few degrees.=20
    VWP also note an increase in low level wind speeds toward 40+kts
    and remain fairly unidirectional through 500mb well ahead of the
    frontal zone. As such, there remains a favorable training
    orientation for the convection. SPC MCD 18 alludes to favorable
    shear environment for some rotating cells as well, further
    increasingly moisture flux convergence allowing for rates to reach
    1.75-2"/hr potentially. Upstream cold front is starting to press
    eastward, but there remains a few hours of potential training of
    these cells. This matches most closely to the 00z ARW solution as
    well as recent RAP runs though other rapid refresh guidance
    provides some increased confidence to this evolution.

    Unfortunately, the orientation appears to intersect locations that
    had received over 4" yesterday afternoon. This has resulted in
    compromised FFG values below 2"/hr for solid portion of the MPD
    area of concern and with 1-2 hours of training spots of additional
    2-3" are probable and would likely result in localized flash
    flooding to occur once again across far northern East Louisiana
    into Southern MS. Combine this with any remaining convective
    cells along the cold front passing through by 14-15z, consider the
    potential for flash flooding to once again be likely across this
    area into the early morning hours.=20=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8A94cu_2EwIsReGlPc-3vX9yAGxP4uM-DkHqQ9QnUZE7dddVxb0_aR_v2XJ7MMiUV3RH= ZqruWZkdv7CYjxwdXzJPM8o$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33058867 32998809 32558766 31878777 31448828=20
    31178870 30878924 30549032 30359117 30689162=20
    31319135 31909091 32838963=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 13:55:58 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 101355
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-GAZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-101954-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0014
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    855 AM EST Sat Jan 10 2026

    Areas affected...portions of southeastern Louisiana, southern
    Mississippi, and southern/central Alabama

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 101354Z - 101954Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential continues across southern
    Mississippi this morning. This threat will shift eastward while
    gradually becoming more isolated through 19Z/1p Central.

    Discussion...Recent radar mosaic imagery depicts an extensive,
    linear convective complex extending from near Gadsden, AL through
    Birmingham, AL and southwestward to near Hammond, LA. Convection
    has trended toward more forward propagation over the past several
    hours, but remain capable of 1-2 inch/hr rain rates - especially
    across southern Mississippi and southeastern Louisiana where
    forward motions are slower (around 20-30 knots) and quality
    pre-convective moisture exists. The storms are in an environment
    characterized by moderate surface-based buoyancy (around 1000-1500
    J/kg - highest from central Alabama through the New Orleans area)
    and 1.4-1.6 inch PW values - both characteristic of typical
    profiles supporting deep moist convection and heavy rainfall
    rates. Additionally, some of the activity was falling on areas of
    southern Mississippi that have received 5-8 inches of rainfall
    over the past 24 hours (particularly near Hattiesburg, Waynesboro,
    MS and surrounding areas). FFGs are near zero in those areas,
    supporting an imminent and ongoing flash flood threat there.=20
    Farther northeast and southeast of the Hattiesburg area, FFGs are
    a bit higher (around 1 inch/hr in Alabama - closer to 2-3
    inches/hr in Louisiana), suggestive of more scattered flash flood
    potential in those area in the short term.

    The forward-propagating nature of this complex will result in
    storms gradually moving out of the most sensitive, water-logged
    areas of the discussion area through the morning and early
    afternoon. The downstream airmass is still supportive of
    occasional areas of 1-1.5 inch/hr rain rates, promoting flash
    flood potential especially in urban and sensitive areas of the
    discussion area. Flash flooding remains most likely in
    southeastern Mississippi this morning, with a lesser-concentrated
    risk throughout the remainder of the discussion area.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7OGoiGqj85_Vesa1ojoKLDKhAaPxWV1B9qkkhqgPTdSo7FDat7FsdJY3lqM0RO53_it5= 34zevUAZFeSLoq2RL78HvGc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34318457 33968412 32578415 31058531 30358760=20
    29228947 29239063 29609114 31409039 32788822=20
    34228567=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 14:11:54 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 101410
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-GAZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-101954-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0014
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    909 AM EST Sat Jan 10 2026

    Areas affected...portions of southeastern Louisiana, southern
    Mississippi, southern/central Alabama, and western/northern
    Georgia

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 101354Z - 101954Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential continues across southern
    Mississippi this morning. This threat will shift eastward while
    gradually becoming more isolated through 19Z/1p Central.

    Discussion...Recent radar mosaic imagery depicts an extensive,
    linear convective complex extending from near Gadsden, AL through
    Birmingham, AL and southwestward to near Hammond, LA. Convection
    has trended toward more forward propagation over the past several
    hours, but remain capable of 1-2 inch/hr rain rates - especially
    across southern Mississippi and southeastern Louisiana where
    forward motions are slower (around 20-30 knots) and quality
    pre-convective moisture exists. The storms are in an environment
    characterized by moderate surface-based buoyancy (around 1000-1500
    J/kg - highest from central Alabama through the New Orleans area)
    and 1.4-1.6 inch PW values - both characteristic of typical
    profiles supporting deep moist convection and heavy rainfall
    rates. Additionally, some of the activity was falling on areas of
    southern Mississippi that have received 5-8 inches of rainfall
    over the past 24 hours (particularly near Hattiesburg, Waynesboro,
    MS and surrounding areas). FFGs are near zero in those areas,
    supporting an imminent and ongoing flash flood threat there.=20
    Farther northeast and southeast of the Hattiesburg area, FFGs are
    a bit higher (around 1 inch/hr in Alabama - closer to 2-3
    inches/hr in Louisiana), suggestive of more scattered flash flood
    potential in those area in the short term.

    The forward-propagating nature of this complex will result in
    storms gradually moving out of the most sensitive, water-logged
    areas of the discussion area through the morning and early
    afternoon. The downstream airmass is still supportive of
    occasional areas of 1-1.5 inch/hr rain rates, promoting flash
    flood potential especially in urban and sensitive areas of the
    discussion area. Flash flooding remains most likely in
    southeastern Mississippi this morning, with a lesser-concentrated
    risk throughout the remainder of the discussion area.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8Hlcy_JkIVC_spif7StIjfVMqKja9sq8Gg9rt_MmTn0QKzEocsUt4og8AxJVfmfAPSGm= Rp1xHZW4-kpUSY8JUQ28y5o$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34318457 33968412 32578415 31058531 30358760=20
    29228947 29239063 29609114 31409039 32788822=20
    34228567=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 24 03:24:29 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 240324
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-240922-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0015
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1023 PM EST Fri Jan 23 2026

    Areas affected...portions of central Texas and the Hill Country

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 240322Z - 240922Z

    Summary...Flash flooding is possible on a localized basis through
    09Z/3a Central. Areas of thunderstorms are developing and will
    move slow enough to provide 1-2 inch/hr rain rates at times.

    Discussion...Recent radar mosaic imagery depicts an uptick in
    scattered convection across the Texas Hill Country just north of a
    surface cold front extending from near Del Rio to near San
    Antonio. The storms were embedded in a strongly sheared
    environment, with elevated instability just north of the front
    (500-1000 J/kg MUCAPE) supporting the uptick in convection. Weak
    mid-level shortwave troughs were approaching from the higher
    terrain of northern Mexico, also helping to ignite convection. A
    close inspection of both point forecast soundings and RAOBs depict
    updrafts rooted at around 850mb, with wind fields supporting local
    right-moving storm motions of 10-15 knots. These slow storm
    motions were combining with 1-1.4 inch PW values to support
    estimated rain rates of around 1.5 inch/hr with convection that
    has become established near Kerrville. These rates are enough to
    prompt localized flash flood concerns given sensitive/varied
    terrain and low spots across the region.

    The ongoing forecast scenario will continue for at least the next
    6 hours. Deeper, slower-moving convection (potentially with right-moving/supercellular characteristics despite being elevated
    above the shallow stable layer) will continue to develop
    occasionally, but also remain tied to the slow southward progress
    of the cold front. Spots of 1-2 inch/hr rain rates will gradually shift/develop southward and eastward toward the I-35 and I-10
    corridors over time. Isolated instances of flash flooding are
    possible where these locally heavier rain rates can materialize
    over/near sensitive terrain.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-cXGI7RBYXOKdL9gC7Nr8Jofd7VtdRre4M3b0gjXeET4JN2gues8uAti2K-cBKlFviZ2= w3_uxdIeaSVqXw3hk73w5cU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30819890 30559786 29929754 29189767 28489889=20
    28780009 29360103 29810147 30460160 30790051=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 24 10:33:04 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 241033
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-241431-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0016
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    531 AM EST Sat Jan 24 2026

    Areas affected...southeast Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 241031Z - 241431Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential will increase over the next 2-4
    hours near Houston Metro and surrounding areas.

    Discussion...Persistent warm advection across southeast Texas has
    maintained elevated buoyancy atop a frontal zone draped
    east-to-west across the discussion area. This buoyancy, combined
    with isentropic upglide and a weak mid-level disturbance
    approaching the region has triggered increasing deep convection
    about 60 miles west/southwest of Houston Metro. These cells were
    slightly elevated, but were also in an environment with ~1.5 inch
    PW values, supporting locally heavy rainfall. Recent MRMS data
    suggests 1 inch/hr rates beneath the stronger activity.

    On their current trajectory, these cells will migrate toward areas
    near Houston Metro and points south over the next couple hours or
    so. 1 inch/hr rain rates could contribute to urban
    ponding/excessive runoff especially if localized training can be
    established. Flash flooding is possible in this scenario.

    The flash flood threat in this region will likely last for about
    2-4 hoursor so. A strong cold front was surging southeastward
    along a line from near Victoria to Cotulla. This front will
    eventually undercut ongoing convection as it approaches the Gulf
    Coast through 13-14Z (7-8am Central). Any flash flood threat
    should decrease some behind this front as colder air filters in
    and contributes to stabilization.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_1NuyYPZ4es-I3lma45_GvQgXOYkNnYwgeBrX0QG7FE3UUPqpMC_QW6qIfL4d563QYlE= QeUPL8lo4eilv0gXvbb0KjM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...LCH...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30509549 30309452 29749446 28879538 28459699=20
    28869758 29829739 30299658=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Feb 14 03:51:24 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 140351
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-NMZ000-140949-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0017
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1049 PM EST Fri Feb 13 2026

    Areas affected...Northwest TX northeast to the MO/KS/AR/OK border
    junction

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 140349Z - 140949Z

    Summary...Widely scattered to scattered thunderstorms are
    developing from western TX into western OK at this time. Hourly
    rain amounts to 2", with local totals to 4", could lead to
    continued isolated to widely scattered flash flooding.

    Discussion...An upper level low is progressing east-northeast
    across NM, leading to regional difluence aloft. Precipitable
    water values have surged to 1-1.25", which considering the
    coolness of the atmosphere, has led to saturation. SPC
    mesoanalyses indicate 500-1500 J/kg of MU CAPE across the region,
    with the broadest instability pool across central OK. This is
    helping to explain the backbuilding convection near the southern
    border of KS/MO. Effective bulk shear of 40-60 kts exists
    regionally, which has manifested itself across portions of the
    Rolling Plains, Caprock, and Permian Basin of northwest TX.=20
    Fairly unidirectional flow from the southwest is leading to
    training attempts near the mesocyclones across Northwest TX.

    The guidance indicates a general broadening of the instability
    field (when using the 500+ J/kg MU CAPE region) with time, with
    the greatest persistence across the Trans-Pecos region of western
    TX. This should continue to lead to a general broadening of the
    convective pattern which could increase bouts of training and
    possibly cell mergers between more organized convection clusters
    and disorganized thunderstorms. However, the broad pattern should
    attempt to progress eastward as 850 hPa flow veers. The best
    mesoscale model signal for heavy rainfall over the next six hours
    in the vicinity of the stationary front across OK. Hourly amounts
    to 2" and local totals to 4" are possible over the next six hours.
    Flash flood guidance is variable across the MPD area, with some
    areas more sensitive than others. These sort of amounts would
    compromise the relatively lower flash flood guidance values across
    northwest TX and the irregular MO/KS/AR/OK border junction.=20
    Isolated to widely scattered flash flooding is possible.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_a6eAtseqa0om1E8gkgzPFR1_L6Sgdn7CoE2FmTbkzeqVO6GgexZW10lmq9rsvIVN0g2= HKxQMYGgt-Bc18Z1u42P2cA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AMA...DDC...EAX...FWD...ICT...LUB...LZK...MAF... OUN...SGF...SJT...TOP...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...KRF...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 38589714 38019342 36539264 35739489 35349581=20
    32060045 31030356 32290359 33740150 34740112=20
    36610057 37709955=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Feb 14 09:13:56 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 140913
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-141512-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0018
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    412 AM EST Sat Feb 14 2026

    Areas affected...portions of northern TX & southern OK

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 140912Z - 141512Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms are expected to invigorate and
    solidify into a slowly progressive line this morning. Hourly rain
    amounts to 2" with local totals to 4" remain possible, which could
    lead to isolated to widely scattered flash flood concerns.

    Discussion...Water vapor satellite imagery shows an upper level
    trough from CO south-southwest into northwest Mexico with two
    centers -- a weakening center lifting across southern CO and a
    more potent center moving just south of the NM/AZ border junction
    with Mexico. Difluence aloft remains downstream across the
    Southern Plains/TX; new convection is forming southeast of Midland
    at this time. Precipitable water values are 1-1.3" per GPS data.=20
    Gulf inflow continues to be best channeled up the Lower Rio Grande
    Basin then upward across west-central TX towards southwest OK.=20
    After initially dropping off after the evening convection, MU CAPE
    is back on the rise across west-central TX, in the range of
    500-1500 J/kg. Effective bulk shear is 50-75 kts regionally. The
    flow remains fairly unidirectional with height out of the
    southwest.

    The expectation is for a broad convective uptick into the late
    morning across portions of west-central and northern TX into
    southern OK as the mid-level low across far northwest Mexico
    approaches, which could back the mean winds somewhat more out of
    the south-southwest initially, possibly holding up convection for
    a short time. Once the line solidifies, convection should show
    some progression. The main concern from a heavy rainfall
    perspective is the possibility of embedded mesocyclones holding up
    segments of the line for an hour or two, leading to locally heavy
    rain that would locally exceed the three hour flash flood guidance
    (~2.5"). Issues would also be possible in urban areas. Flash
    flood issues could be isolated to widely scattered in nature.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_jNl3xZkw7WJLJXqFtOzbQ20pOidvGgFDz9eSsEuouRQhfO8muctXC1-uFwKLrvrwlK2= pUIXVs6oTQ4iMBdU9Gi0tIs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...LUB...MAF...OUN...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35269728 34219634 31949880 30340135 29700289=20
    30420352 31310324 32770109 34519946=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Feb 14 17:36:32 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 141736
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-142335-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0019
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1235 PM EST Sat Feb 14 2026

    Areas affected...Northeast TX into the Arklatex

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 141735Z - 142335Z

    SUMMARY...Increasingly organized areas of heavy showers and
    thunderstorms with some localized cell-training concerns may
    foster isolated to scattered areas of mainly urban flash flooding
    going through the afternoon hours.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E IR/WV suite shows a strong southern
    stream shortwave trough ejecting east across the southern Plains
    which is interacting with a moist and modestly unstable airmass
    downstream across much of eastern TX.

    Strong forcing aloft with DPVA and a gradually increasing
    south-southwest low-level jet of 30 to 40 kts ahead of a cold
    front is facilitating a fairly expansive area of heavy showers and thunderstorms across central and northern TX and into the Red Red
    Valley.

    Recent radar trends has been showing a gradual increase in
    convective organization with the activity near the DFW
    metropolitan area, but with a generally progressive movement off
    to the east and northeast as the shortwave dynamics interact with
    the modestly favorable thermodynamic environment.

    MUCAPE values are generally only on the order of 500 to 1000 J/kg
    with PWs upwards of 1.5 inches. However, some uptick in these
    parameters can be expected over the next few hours as the
    low-level jet reaches 40 to 50+ kts and PWs increase locally to
    near 1.75 inches. This should help favor rainfall rates well into
    the 1 to 2 inch/hour range with the stronger and more organized
    cells which are being aided by much as 30 to 50 kts of effective
    bulk shear.

    Upscale convective growth is expected with at least the early
    stages of a QLCS evolution likely going through the mid-afternoon
    hours. The northern end of this convective mass will tend to focus
    across northeast TX and into the Arklatex region where there will
    be some localized cell-training concerns. A more progressive
    convective line is expected farther south. The 12Z HREF guidance
    suggests potential for some localized 3 to 4+ inch totals by later
    this afternoon around the Arklatex.

    The antecedent conditions are notably dry, but given the
    increasing rates and cell-training concerns, some isolated to
    scattered areas of mainly urban flash flooding will be possible.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5OUdtSYdwrifFZh_oEhT4OdhjIrhD4SEk6mtJ91CiUWM6k2tdiTTWeHidzgbtHRVgux2= uP243a-rpWdt2NZVMiTqjwg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LZK...OUN...SHV...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34549428 34299311 33509314 32719423 32119559=20
    32029649 32239723 32699745 33319705 34129585=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Feb 16 13:04:03 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 161303
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-162100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0020
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    802 AM EST Mon Feb 16 2026

    Areas affected...Southern California...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 161300Z - 162100Z

    SUMMARY...Strong dynamics/ascent will support strengthening
    moisture flux across Southern California and the Transverse Ranges
    this morning with pivoting cold front allowing for slightly
    increased duration of moderate rainfall with hourly rates of
    .5-.75"/hr with isolated potential to 1" locally. Totals of 1-2"
    along the coast and 3-5" in the terrain may result in increased
    runoff for possible flash flooding and or mudslides, especially
    near recent burn scars.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-W depicts a compact inner core of the deep upper
    low/trof continuing to dig southward near 36N129.5W with a broad
    diffluent region in the northeast quadrant where the exit of a
    130kt 250mb jet speed max is providing solid diffluence/divergence
    aloft for expansive upper-level cirrus shield with enhancing
    perpendicular transverse banding. A subtle but important embedded
    shortwave along the left exit of the jet shows a the developing
    baroclinic leaf just northeast of the 35N125W benchmark. This
    approaching wave coupled with the digging upper-level core is
    supporting surface cyclogenesis along the cold front in the
    vicinity of the SLO/Monterey county offshore waters, allowing for
    backing and strengthening low level flow off the California Bight
    through Santa Barbara county. VWP has seen an increase of
    925-850mb winds over 35kts while veering from SSE to SSW to over
    50kts at 700mb. This solid WAA profile has a bit of low level
    lapse rates as well to support 500-650 J/kg of MUCAPE in proximity
    to the cold front toward Point Conception.=20

    The overall interplay of the upper-level low and shortwave will
    allow for solid negative tilting of the upper-trof providing
    strong 75-90 degrees of low level directional convergence along
    the front while the confluence of 850 and 700mb moisture streams
    will align for enhanced moisture flux convergence bringing the
    slightly below average moisture values up toward something more
    average or slightly above average around 1" in total PWAT, with
    CIRA LPW animations denoting this trend is on track mostly in the
    surface to 850mb layer.

    So with the combination of increasing flux convergence and minor
    instability, pre-frontal showered and possible weak/narrow shallow thunderstorms convective cores of .75" to possible 1"/hr rates may
    occur over the next few hours as the front rounds the Cape and
    gets that extra bump due to steepening orographic ascent as well,
    though coastal showers will still be intense capable of a quick
    .5"+ rainfall total too, making urban style flooding problematic.=20
    The cold front will begin to press eastward, but in the short-term
    as surface low deepens, the pivot/fulcrum of rotation may allow
    for overrunning showers to persist across SBA into the TROWAL
    across SLO and Monterey counties for the next few hours keeping
    localized totals of 2-4" possible, with some continued higher
    runoff and possible localized flooding risk.

    Flash flooding risk will increase, as IVT values steadily increase
    from the 400 range toward 600 kg/m/s, likely peaking as the cold
    front and warm conveyor belt moisture stream flow orthogonally
    intersects the Transverse Range of Ventura county with HREF
    probably of 1"/hr near 30% between 18-20z, with 3-5" totals
    expected through 00z. As such, flash flooding is considered
    possible through the remainder of the morning and into the
    afternoon as it reaches the Los Angles Metro proper after 18z.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!95dfXy5F6loNRbNt-tcBUWF77z-5_cLiTGcwDMX-mJQ-THiN2tqReSdy2vY1Q0yF6ruy= SwLb9Vo1twaJhU1n4a2w99Y$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LOX...MTR...SGX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36482138 36142073 35402021 34891962 34551875=20
    34521780 34001755 33261777 33361890 33732006=20
    34142075 34802105 35642182 36142185=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Feb 16 19:30:06 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 161930
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-170130-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0021
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    228 PM EST Mon Feb 16 2026

    Areas affected...Southern California...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 161930Z - 170130Z

    SUMMARY...Progressive cold front with strong pre-frontal southerly
    moisture flux will continue to shift eastward into the eastern
    Transverse and Peninsular Ranges through this evening. Less
    orthogonal ascent along terrain will reduce rainfall totals but
    intense sub-hourly totals up to 1" that may cause urban flooding
    and issues in and downstream of recent burn scars.

    DISCUSSION...RADAR and GOES-W visible imagery show a narrow band
    of intense showers/weak convective cores exiting Ventura county
    into S Los Angeles county extending southward through the eastern
    Channel Islands and starting to approach the southward turn of the
    coast across Orange and San Diego counties. Very strong moisture
    flux of 40-50kts of 925-850mb flow and steadily increasing
    moisture per CIRA LPW nearing .75" in that layer. Veering post
    frontal flow continues to be stark, with directional convergence
    remains between 75-90 degrees. Given the strength over 30kts (up
    to 50kts), it will continue to result in strong moisture flux for
    the convective elements supporting hourly rates of .75-1". This
    will continue what has been have observed moving through
    southward facing terrain of the Transverse Range including the
    Santa Monica Range, where totals of 2-3+" have been observed
    resulting in localized flash flooding.

    The strength of flow even below 850mb will continue to intersect
    the San Gabriel and San Bernardino Ranges lower to mid slopes with
    similar rates near .75-1"/hr though highest peaks will start
    converting over to moderate/heavy snowfall. However, with
    reducing southerly fetch, the Peninsular Ranges will see a quick
    pick up, but with less orthogonal convergence/orographic ascent
    will also see diminishing rates and therefore totals between
    22-00z tonight. The lack of moisture flux off the California
    Bight will also reduce the effective ascent through the TROWAL
    further back west across the central Transverse Ranges where
    lighter rain will continue to slowly add to the totals through 00z
    as well. With the loss of orographic ascent/convergence and
    deeper moisture availability, rates will reduce but increased
    westerly flow and steepening lapse rates aloft before the main
    cold front will allow for a few rounds of scattered upslope
    showers with .1-.25"/hr rates/totals adding to the initial
    mainline. Still, the overall risk for flash flooding will be
    limited to urban and recent burn scars east and South of the LA
    Basin.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_T2sFFPP0svERanV2yHB5IoA9mN_NCu8DjDbOL9-ENK0iN6I0_prGm9oGnmsdshK2Oz6= ETz3Y0zf0H5_pg1kbUamKeY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LOX...SGX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34701850 34251725 33811664 32841626 32471628=20
    32451709 32971743 33471782 33621834 33831850=20
    33981871 34221933 34601910=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Mar 5 16:12:59 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 051612
    FFGMPD
    ARZ000-OKZ000-051730-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0033
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    800 AM EST Thu Mar 05 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast OK...Far Western AR

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 051300Z - 051730Z

    SUMMARY...Heavy showers and thunderstorms across southeast OK are
    expected to persist through mid-morning. Given high rainfall rates
    of up to 2 inches/hour and the slow cell-motions, some areas of
    mainly urban flash flooding will be possible.

    DISCUSSION...The early morning GOES-E IR satellite imagery shows a
    rather compact, but slow-moving cold-topped MCS over southeast OK.
    Some cloud-top cooling has been noted over the last couple of
    hours which suggests some deepening/strengthening of the
    convective updrafts and this has been corresponding to an uptick
    in rainfall rates.

    In fact, the latest MRMS data shows rainfall rates near 2
    inches/hour with the stronger storms over portions of Pittsburg
    and Latimer Counties, and there have been some clear signs of
    back-building cell activity around the southwest flank of the
    convective mass. The early-morning satellite imagery is showing
    some increasingly agitated CU/TCU across southern OK to the
    southwest of the convection, and this is correlated with a
    convergent low-level jet of around 40 kts in close proximity to a
    stationary front.

    The thermodynamic is generally modest with PWs of around 1.3 to
    1.4 inches and MUCAPE values of only 500 to 1000 J/kg. However, a
    wave of low pressure is noted in surface observations along this
    front near the area of most organized convection. Given the
    focused area of moisture convergence around this low center and
    the low-level jet aiming into the southwest flank of the MCS,
    there appears to be an environment to at least sustain the
    convection in the near-term.

    Morning CAMs are not doing the greatest with this MCS, but the
    latest RRFS guidance is generally the best with overall placement.
    However, it does suggest some convective persistence through at
    least the mid-morning hours. Given the convective trends, an
    additional 2 to 4+ inches of rain may be possible locally across
    areas of southeast OK, and especially with a favorable environment
    for back-building and training convective cells. The RRFS and some
    06Z HREF guidance suggest some parts of far western AR may
    eventually see some of this activity as well.

    Expect a concern for mainly urban flash flooding as a result over
    the next few hours.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4R6iCeI4LmUCaA5NzmFE9j-z2RPshOwLEWmKlicx_OB1_aZJ1YiUdTOF3ArjrFdHW0hV= Ywwb_p2vB3ikXFsa4onSyOM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LZK...OUN...SHV...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35279546 35269464 34999407 34489415 34329513=20
    34419639 34779679 35139644=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Mar 5 23:44:05 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 052344
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-060542-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0034
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    642 PM EST Thu Mar 05 2026

    Areas affected...portions of northwest TX & western OK

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 052342Z - 060542Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms should become more numerous
    with time from Northwest TX across portions of western OK. Hourly
    amounts to 2.5" with local totals to 4" are possible, which could
    lead to isolated to widely scattered flash flooding.

    Discussion...A deep layer trough lies across the West, with a
    subtle preceding shortwave just ahead of the main feature across
    portions of West TX, southeast NM, and the TX Panhandle. The
    combination of these incoming features is attempting to break a
    weak mid-level cap across the region, which has led to isolated
    shower and thunderstorm development. Precipitable water values
    are ~1.25", ML CAPE is 1500-2500 J/kg, and effective bulk shear is
    35-45 kts.

    With time, the cap breaks which should lead to increased shower
    and thunderstorm development near and poleward of where an area of
    850 hPa confluence intersects a warm front, with the zone of
    low-level confluence slowly veering with time. The 12z ARW and
    18z hi-res NAM are amongst the wettest guidance, showing a 3-4"
    maximum somewhere near the border of northwest TX and southwest
    OK. Given the ingredients above, hourly amounts to 2.5" with
    local totals to 4" are possible, lending some credence to their
    solutions. Cell training, cell mergers between more and less
    organized convective activity, and mesocyclone formation are
    expected to be the drivers for heavy rainfall. These amounts
    would exceed flash flood guidance on an isolated to widely
    scattered basis, and be more problematic in urban areas within the
    region. Used the 12z REFS & 18z HREF heavy rain signal to help
    define the MPD outline.=20

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!67chU8hr6wglojF9XFQcZQZ5f9RgUFP6UaatT-G40IV2BLK7d0_fXfjDMO7OIFxTB6fM= CRPmLUTn0hyH2IY20_YBaEM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AMA...DDC...LUB...OUN...

    ATTN...RFC...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37019878 36389723 34339850 33749996 34510128=20
    35760070=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 6 09:16:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 060916
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-061500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0035
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    415 AM EST Fri Mar 06 2026

    Areas affected...IA into northern IL and far southern WI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 060911Z - 061500Z

    Summary...Isolated to widely scattered coverage of mainly minor
    flash flooding will be possible across central/eastern portions of
    IA into northern IL and the IL/WI border through 15Z (9 AM CST).
    Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches will be likely where training of
    heavy rain occurs with isolated rainfall totals of 2 to 3 inches
    possible.

    Discussion...Regional radar imagery at 0845Z showed elevated
    thunderstorms over central and southern IA, with a general motion
    toward the northeast. The storms were located at the nose of a
    50-60 kt 850 mb jet seen on area VAD wind plots over central to
    eastern KS, located north of a wavy warm front which extended from
    southeastern NE into north-central MO and south-central IL. The
    low level jet was rapidly transporting low level moisture into the
    region, along with MUCAPE values of 500-1500 J/kg toward the
    northeast. Brief training of cells has supported observed rainfall
    of 0.75 to 1.25 inches in 30 minutes near the central MO/IA border
    between 07-08Z, showing the potential for locally high rainfall
    totals if cell training is able to maintain over a location for 30
    to 60 minutes. A strengthening 90-100 kt upper level jet streak
    was also observed on GOES East DMVs centered over southern MN,
    placing IA within the favorable right-entrance region.

    While the magnitude of the low level jet is likely near peak and
    RAP forecasts show some weakening through 12Z across eastern KS,
    continued warm advection driven thunderstorms are likely to
    advance downstream into portions of southern WI and northern IL
    over the next 3-6 hours as low level moisture continues to advect
    downstream and upper level support increases. Low level
    convergence axes at the nose of the low level jet are not
    favorably aligned to support longer duration training of cells
    with the mean steering flow from SW to NE (roughly at right angles
    to larger convergence axes), but increasing cell coverage could
    allow for some brief training from SW to NE or WSW to ENE this
    morning. The potential for 1 to 2 inches of rain in an hour and 2
    to 3 inches in 2 to 3 hours would surpass area-wide flash flood
    guidance values which are relatively low.

    Therefore, a couple of instances of lower-end/minor flash flooding
    will be possible over the next few hours with impacts mostly
    likely where overlap of heavy rain occurs with urban locations or
    other poorly draining areas.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8D9mYBbu0Iq8zqihAoDjR-bFNkrufn_JFv79UQULt56TOnftIXCqBoWPO1IsavPTsjBc= DUeLvMO8mcRND-sJY_TvDLY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...DVN...FSD...ILX...LOT...MKX...OAX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43049341 42899151 42709019 42548867 41818832=20
    41308877 40739090 40779355 41449517 42199543=20
    42869482=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 6 22:12:52 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 062212
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-070410-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0036
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    510 PM EST Fri Mar 06 2026

    Areas affected...northeast TX into eastern OK, western AR, &
    central MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 062210Z - 070410Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms are broadening in coverage
    across southeast OK. Hourly rain amounts to 2.5" with local
    totals to 4" are possible, which could lead to isolated to widely
    scattered flash flooding.

    Discussion...Showers and thunderstorms are increasing in number
    across southeast OK and southwest MO as mid-level capping erodes.=20
    The OK activity in particular is near the intersection of a
    surface trough and an effective warm front. ML CAPE is 1000-2000
    J/kg, effective bulk shear is 40-55 kts, and precipitable water
    values are ~1.4". Water vapor imagery implies a weak disturbance
    is over the convection at the present time, with other shortwaves
    aloft approaching from the west and southwest. Thunderstorms are
    occurring on both sides of a cool wedge of air across central to
    northeast OK left behind by morning stratus/rainfall. The
    mesoscale guidance is struggling with the breadth of the coverage
    and the location, with the 12z REFS a few hours too delayed and
    the 18z HREF 1-2 hours delayed in this area.

    The GFS-based Galvez-Davison Index implies a convective uptick in
    coverage and intensity most centered in northeast TX, eastern OK,
    and northwest AR through 00z before activity wanes at 03z or so,
    which also matches the timing of the HREF/REFS convective
    evolution. Considering the parameters above, mesocyclones are
    expected. Hourly rain amounts up to 2.5" should be possible near
    mesocyclones and where convection of different levels of
    organization haphazardly merges, with local totals up to 4"
    possible. Cell training is also possible as the deep layer flow
    is fairly unidirectional out of the south-southwest. This flow
    veers slightly with time which should allow for a slight eastward
    shift and would theoretically limit even higher totals. The 18z
    hi-res NAM and 12z ARW are on opposing sides of the guidance
    spread, but at the moment, the 18z NAM appears to be doing
    somewhat better. The guidance all appears too wet in northeast TX
    at the present time, but given the incoming shortwaves from the
    west and southwest, additional convection is possible in that area
    at some point. Isolated to widely scattered instances of flash
    flooding are possible, particularly in urban areas.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5hXn_qD-Chh8OyMtbaonMLdCxO41R6d7gNxlB2gNo1GmXoX83zp-vlXgwgPFLCDSp6aR= x6q6_iWDZP02x1MvXegThV0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...FWD...ICT...LSX...LZK...OUN...SGF...SHV...
    SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...KRF...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39029383 38769202 36599238 33899435 32109697=20
    31739900 33089868 34639827 35959795 36139782=20
    37599547=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 6 22:30:23 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 062230
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-070128-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0037
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    529 PM EST Fri Mar 06 2026

    Areas affected...northeast IL, northwest IN, and southwest Lower
    MI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 062228Z - 070128Z

    Summary...A mesoscale wave is attempting to hold up convection
    from in and near Chicagoland into southwest Lower Michigan.=20
    Hourly amounts to 2" and local totals to 4" are possible, which
    could lead to flash flooding in urban areas.

    Discussion...A mesoscale convective wave across central IL is
    beginning to hold up convection in northeast IL rather close to
    Chicago. Precipitable water values are near 1.3", ML CAPE is
    1000-1500 J/kg, and effective bulk shear is 35 kts.

    The concern is that heavy rainfall will occur over a portion of
    Chicago's urban area, which includes far northeast IN. Some of
    southwest MI may see cell training as well. This situation does
    not appear to be handled well by recent mesoscale guidance. The
    parameters suggest hourly amounts to 2" with local totals to 4"
    are possible, which would be a problem in urban areas from a flash
    flooding perspective over the next several hours.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5wtNSRhaJZ0b-AkHJXJPRJ-g52HW4bwZseH-lj-Q-xnH-Roh6js4fiYsVibky7S7LO4F= 2MsfA3vV46HJbvhEzA2vAMk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...GRR...ILX...IWX...LOT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42598593 41578648 40758845 40648918 40878939=20
    41018930 41548830 42178709=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 6 22:56:21 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 062256
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-070152-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0038
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    555 PM EST Fri Mar 06 2026

    Areas affected...portions of Central IL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 062252Z - 070152Z

    Summary...A weak wave across western IL is holding up convective
    progression across central IL. Hourly rain amounts to 2" with
    local totals to 4" are possible, which would be a problem in urban
    areas.

    Discussion...In the wake of a mesoscale convective wave moving
    into north-central IL, the system's convective tail is being held
    up by a weak wave seen in the thermal field across western IL.=20
    Hourly rain amounts are up to 1.5" per radar estimates. ML CAPE
    of 1000-1500 J/kg lies to its south, effective bulk shear is ~35
    kts, and precipitable water values are ~1.4".

    It appears cell training in this region could last for 2-3 hours.=20
    In this time, hourly amounts to 2" with local totals to 4" are
    possible, which would be most problematic in urban areas.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_cu3PDWDwuxUiKwxwzpex5n8GbOkxAy35vzo6ex4qu-gnai0fFMgebW8YOLYV_NLTWJN= BYzCADTNScwVUB8N0-NjP98$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ILX...LOT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40828877 40488805 39888912 39629031 40388936=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 00:55:52 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 070055
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-MOZ000-MNZ000-IAZ000-NEZ000-070654-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0039
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    754 PM EST Fri Mar 06 2026

    Areas affected...in and near Iowa

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 070054Z - 070654Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms are developing across portions
    of Iowa which have recently received heavy rainfall. Widely
    scattered occurrences of flash flooding are possible over
    partially saturated soils and in urban areas.

    Discussion...The leading edge of an upper low over the West is
    pushing across portions of Nebraska and southeast SD at this time.
    Elevated showers and thunderstorms have begun to blossom near a
    surface low due to the difluent flow aloft ahead of this feature.=20 Precipitable water values are just over 1". MU CAPE of 500-1500
    J/kg lies across IA along with effective bulk shear of 30-65 kts.

    Moisture should increase further across IA with time, with
    precipitable water values eclipsing 1.25" in some areas.=20
    Sufficient instability should be available to keep convection
    going well into the overnight period. Hourly rain amounts up to
    2" are possible where mesocyclones form, cell training occurs, and
    where lesser and greater organized convection merges. Local
    totals should stay at or below 3". The flow noticeably veers as a
    front progresses eastward, which should limit overall totals.=20
    However, given recent saturation, hourly rain amounts could be
    sufficient to exceed the low flash flood guidance values seen
    across a good portion of IA. Widely scattered flash flood
    occurrences are possible through 07z, both over partially
    saturated soils and within urban areas.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8t-DVljKG8AePntYFJXiFaWqOUul6m6NleTEz-6TA7k68JCDan_Ut9hsSHGs-VWS4Bj3= Z1QII3DY3X-BNzoIM31_5yM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...DVN...EAX...FSD...MKX...MPX...OAX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43709310 43369042 41699019 40319259 40109486=20
    40619596 42499611=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 04:30:24 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 070430
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-071000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0040
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1129 PM EST Fri Mar 06 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern OK, southeastern KS, northwestern AR
    into southwestern/central MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 070428Z - 071000Z

    Summary...Training of thunderstorms from northeastern OK into
    central MO and adjacent portions of southeastern KS and
    northwestern AR is likely to result in at least isolated to widely
    scattered areas of flash flooding over the next 3 to 6 hours.
    Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches is expected, but isolated 2+ inch
    per hour rainfall will be possible.

    Discussion...At 04Z, a line of thunderstorms was observed on area
    radar imagery from northeastern OK into southwestern and central
    MO, with a history of training and peak MRMS-derived hourly
    rainfall just over 2 inches between Tulsa and Pryor, OK, just
    south of I-44. This line has been established for a few hours now
    and has resulted in a region of rain-cooled air being overrun by a
    40-60 kt low level jet. The SW to NE orientation of the line,
    matching deeper layer steering flow has resulted in areas of
    training, but the line of storms has shown some eastward
    translation over the past hour or so. Farther south, additional
    convective development has increased over southeastern OK, within
    weakly confluent low level flow, and is advancing northward into
    the southern extent of the aforementioned line in northeastern OK.

    Areas of training are ongoing from northeastern OK into
    southwestern MO, and this is likely to continue in the short term.
    While overall eastward movement is expected, the most likely area
    for training storms will be along the southwestern flank where the
    low level jet intersects the line. Meanwhile, 1000 to 2000 J/kg
    MLCAPE extended from the MOKSAROK intersection into central OK,
    ahead of a cold front/dryline extending SSW from eastern KS into
    west-central OK. A line of thunderstorms is expected to become
    better established as the cold front continues to sweep
    southeastward through 09Z, eventually bringing another round of
    locally heavy rain to portions of northeastern OK. While this
    second round of storms is expected to remain progressive, up to an
    additional inch or so of rain will add onto locally heavy totals
    from the initial round of thunderstorms ongoing. At least isolated
    instances of flash flooding will be possible with locally
    scattered coverage possible.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9_C8PkJrA_Owm1xEsyOiWlev0uastmEwoOXMM7o6CzP4SIXhGqA7dVgZGWKsVHZsllej= U5my1FNm5afr5JQ-qT0xemg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ICT...LSX...LZK...SGF...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 38429281 38409202 38259130 37739134 37089182=20
    36399277 35569413 35209490 35179550 35409584=20
    35779609 36279599 36849542 37479443 37879367=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 05:51:24 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 070551
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-070920-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0041
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1250 AM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...IA/IL/WI junction into southern WI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 070547Z - 070920Z

    SUMMARY...Training of heavy rain with 1-2 inches per hour may
    produce localized flash flooding from the IA/IL/WI tri-state
    region into southern WI through 09Z.

    DISCUSSION...Local radar imagery over southern WI showed the
    presence of an MCV or at least a northern bookend vortex about 30
    miles NW of Madison, WI. The motion of this feature was toward the
    ENE at a rapid pace of 40-50 kt. A strong low level jet of 40 to
    70 kt (70 kt @ KDVN at 0504Z) was helping to rapidly transport
    rich low level moisture to the north where it intersected a
    southwestward extending line of storms from near the MCV center.

    Forecast motion of the MCV takes it into central Lake Michigan
    within the next 3-4 hours but there could be areas of training
    along the axis of thunderstorms flanking the southwestern quadrant
    of the circulation, with 1 to 2 inches per hour despite limited
    MUCAPE of ~500 J/kg. While recent hires models do not have a good
    handle on this feature, short term observational trends and
    extrapolation indicate the best potential for training from the
    IA/IL/WI tri-state region into southern WI with potential for 1 to
    2 inches of rain in about an hour through about 09Z. Given 3-hr
    flash flood guidance values below 2 inches across the region,
    minor flash flooding will be possible, especially if there is
    overlap with any urban locations.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_CbYSD-aj5mdLKSEPKlqZHichx8ffHHTjA6qAX6Jpx9_NZ16baOGfYA71z2Dj4NN2LoQ= znJ-AGHq9Ali2DPmnbzgfoY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DVN...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43858844 43808755 42798771 42398875 42168975=20
    42249059 42509082 42869048 43508957=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 09:56:58 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 070956
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-071530-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0042
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    455 AM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern TX/southeastern OK into AR and
    southeastern MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 070955Z - 071530Z

    SUMMARY...Flash flooding will be possible across portions of
    northeastern TX, southeastern OK into AR and southeastern MO
    through 15Z. Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches will be common
    within cell training, but isolated 2+ inch per hour rainfall
    cannot be ruled out.

    DISCUSSION...The coverage of showers and thunderstorms has been
    gradually increasing from northeastern TX into western/central AR
    over the past hour, ending 0940Z. The continued transport of low
    level moisture into the region and perhaps some weak low level
    confluence has contributed to the recent increase as low level CIN
    decreases. Meanwhile, a line of thunderstorms was located to the
    west, along a NE to SW oriented cold front, analyzed from a GMJ to
    ADH to DYS line at 09Z. The environment from southeastern OK into
    central AR consisted of 1000-2000 J/kg MLCAPE, 1.4 to 1.6 inch
    PWATs and sufficient effective bulk shear values for organized
    storms, per SPC mesoanalysis data.

    At least a modest increase in the coverage of cells is expected to
    continue from far northeastern TX into western/central AR over the
    next few hours with some degree of continued moisture advection
    beneath diffluent flow aloft. The environment will continue to
    support a line of thunderstorms along and ahead of the cold front
    as it continues to advance southeastward, reaching southeastern OK
    by 12Z and central AR by 15Z. As thunderstorm coverage fills in
    from southeastern OK into central AR, cell mergers and training
    potential will increase. Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches will be
    common where cell training occurs and isolated 2+ in/hr rainfall
    values will also be possible. Peak storm total rainfall of 2 to 4
    inches should be expected through 15Z which could produce isolated
    to widely scattered instances of flash flooding. Below average
    precipitation experienced over much of the region over the past
    few weeks may act to mitigate flash flooding to urban overlap or
    otherwise poorly drainage locations.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!572Q3M5-9eW4h4Gdt6dqk8Vs-JAifHlJSFikncaokp8cFUECJNgx_bLRNBSaimpMRnR2= _ZLxbaqeT_K0mBGqvi_BF_A$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LSX...LZK...MEG...OUN...PAH...SGF...SHV...
    TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37099014 36168967 35189033 33709311 33439515=20
    33819637 34829581 36089355 37029134=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 19:44:35 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 071944
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-080100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0044
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    243 PM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...Northern LA...Central MS...Adj. Portions of SE AR
    & E TX...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 071945Z - 080100Z

    SUMMARY...Progressive convective line likely to be limited in
    duration but will intersect/merge with precursory slower moving
    cells along the western Gulf return moisture axis. Widely
    scattered 2-3.5" in 2-3 hours pose low-end possible incident or
    two of localized flash flooding through evening.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR mosaic and GOES-E imagery suite depict
    a forward propagating convective line with numerous cells
    developing along the forward flanks sliding east-northeastward
    through the deeper layer steering flow allowing for some stronger
    thunderstorms to linger for near an hour before pressing southeastward/redeveloping. Solid mid to upper 60s Tds and near
    .8-.9" of PW through the lowest layer and totaling near 1.7"
    across the Lower MS Valley; and solid lapse rates given 2000+ J/kg
    of MLCAPE support fairly efficient rainfall production given
    strength of flux (on 30kts of southerly inflow). This helps to
    support 1.5-1.75"/hr rates and similar totals, but again, also
    supports solid forward propagation vectors to limit duration.=20

    Overall FFG values (2-2.5"/hr 3"/3hrs), especially given dry
    recent conditions are not likely to be eclipsed by this alone;
    though intensity forecast by the HRRR of 1-1.25"/15 minutes would
    not likely infiltrate the harder upper soil column, greater
    rainfall totals still are needed to result in even localized flash
    flooding conditions.

    CIRA LPW along with VWP notes, strong low level moisture return
    off the western Gulf into along a sharp western edge of the 850
    ridge axis over the US Southeast. This has resulted in a fairly
    consistent pre-frontal convergence axis along this western Gulf
    moisture stream. RAP moisture convergence shows a weaker but
    sufficient moisture convergence axis in the vicinity of the
    Mississippi River. Remote sensing shows this convergence has been
    successful in developing scattered thunderstorms across E LA/W MS
    with a slower northeast cell motion likely to intersect with the
    approaching boundary. These will eventually merge, likely
    broadening the updraft, moisture flux and therefore rates in the
    short-term result in enhanced spots or streaks of 2-3.5" total
    rainfall in 1-2 hours as they pass. This still remains on the
    lower end of the FFG, so resultant flash flooding will be remain
    widely scattered and likely lower-end remaining possible across
    the area of concern through evening.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!49yzUqznTyi1UYmqoEk1AtTQlzvgALOEibaJmiq4eAEASUmVdZ-PmMN60cXl1m_Dr3Jv= 7T659iZnAQoypftrDRTPYng$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LCH...LIX...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33688954 33598878 33238852 32768843 32108876=20
    31408948 31059057 30979114 30999241 31259380=20
    31789434 32479385 32789329 33199171 33399093=20
    33579029=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 14:20:33 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 071420
    FFGMPD
    TNZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-MOZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-072000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0043
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    919 AM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...Northeast TX...Northern LA...Southern & Eastern
    AR...Western TN...Northwest MS...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 071420Z - 072000Z

    SUMMARY...Scattered to widely scattered streaks of 2-3" totals in
    1-2 hours along favorable confluence and training convective lines
    suggest localized flash flooding is possible through late
    morning/early afternoon.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV suite depicts a highly dynamic environment
    across the central U.S. with and exiting stronger northern stream
    wave across the Great Lakes providing a broad entrance region
    through the Mid-MS River Valley while a more subtle wave over the
    Big Country of TX has provided a subtle split jet feature
    providing solid downstream divergence aloft across the area of
    concern stretching from NE TX through the Delta Region. A stream
    of mid-level moisture is exiting from this shortwave along a
    surface to boundary layer WAA regime across the Red River Valley.=20
    GOES-E Visible imagery shows some breaks along/ahead of the
    shortwave and weak surface reflection with best backed low level
    flow providing strong moisture flux convergence and convective
    development near KTKI/KGVT moving south-southeastward slowly.

    Solid 1500-2000 J/kg of MLCAPE exist through eastern TX to
    maintain/feed these cells and with 35-40kts of southerly flow
    intersecting the outflow boundary, isentropic ascent may allow for
    downstream cells developing eastward. Deep layer flow should
    allow for some short-duration repeat/training. A slight reduction
    in overall moisture may limit overall rates, but over 1.5"/hr
    should support some localized spots/streaks of 2-3" in 1-2 hours
    before propagation southward limits overall totals. Slightly
    higher FFG across E TX/N LA may further limit overall coverage but
    localized flash flooding remaining possible.

    Further northeast, the window appears to be closing for longer
    duration, multiple rounds of thunderstorms as cold front is
    starting to make a push eastward through the MS Valley; one,
    cutting off the overall moisture totals along the 50+ LLJ streak
    but two, reducing duration of heavy rainfall. Still, regional
    RADAR mosaic and GOES-E Visible still shows a few southwest to
    northeast moving showers/thunderstorms pre-frontally across E AR
    with some TCU across north-central LA where the western edge of
    the western Gulf moisture stream is occurring.

    RAP/HRRR analysis shows deep layer convergence remains on this
    axis before becoming confluent with the surging convective line.=20
    The combination rapidly increases convective cooling as noted in
    central AR over the last hour or so, shows the merger/combination
    supports an hour or two of enhanced 1.5-2"/hr rates and localized
    streaks of 2-3" in less than 2 hours. These intersections are
    fleeting in duration but newer ones will be expected downstream
    into W TX/NW MS and N LA as the overall system slides eastward and
    convective line has positive southeasterly propagation vectors.

    Any intersection with urban centers will likely present the
    greatest flash flooding risk, but overall scattered to widely
    scattered flooding remains possible through the late morning/early
    afternoon across the area of concern.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!545MGXyZ_Ssl0BwFngKQPyaPOyUKXGCDNCyBov6WUEtoGs63xVol7-GKwX4uoJ6LGlZp= 3j5rXkygC2DvKdJg_MpFBI4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...JAN...LZK...MEG...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36219006 36128862 35228840 34138878 33228950=20
    32689032 32199196 31999355 31919515 31929641=20
    32209683 32869673 33259606 33399536 34529244=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 20:49:07 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 072049
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-TXZ000-080247-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0045
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    348 PM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...portions of Southeast TX & Southwest LA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 072047Z - 080247Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms are expected to become more
    numerous across southeast TX and southwest LA over the next
    several hours. Hourly amounts to 2.5" with local totals to 4" are
    possible, which would be most problematic in urban areas.

    Discussion...A frontal wave is becoming more pronounced in the pressure/wind/thermal pattern across southeast TX, which has been
    shifting southward as of late. It is tapping a corridor of higher
    dewpoints between the Middle TX Coast and Southeast LA, where
    there are in the lower 70s. Precipitable water values of 1.5-1.7"
    lie in and just south of this region. ML CAPE of 500-2500 exists
    in this area. Effective bulk shear is 25-40 kts, and increasing.

    The combination of higher dewpoints in the region and increasing
    effective bulk shear should result in convection with increasing
    coverage and increasing organization, which will ramp up hourly
    rain amounts. The frontal segment east of the frontal wave is
    likely to propagate slower than other segments of the boundary,
    which is expected to be the more likely focus for the heaviest
    rains. The main threats from a heavy rain standpoint are cell
    mergers between convection of various levels of organization,
    mesocyclone formation, and short periods of cell training as the
    flow is nearly unidirectional with height from the southwest.=20
    Hourly rain amounts up to 2.5" with local totals to 4" appear
    possible in this environment. The RRFS, which can bias high,
    shows a 10-20% chance of 5" amounts in the 21z-03z window. Due to
    ongoing drought, widely scattered instances of flash flooding are
    possible, more likely in urban areas.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8y-uNwIF0JZLmrqRcYDFGhiCq7zaQew6VfU_eEyPWTLoxZfoOHqdnVXpWd8_XUzItEVx= oKzK7k_hNNWECZysLs6MTHU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...LCH...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32059397 31349310 30019400 29609587 29889696=20
    31169596=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 21:20:38 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 072120
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-080048-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0046
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    419 PM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...portions of South-Central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 072118Z - 080048Z

    Summary...An incoming mesocyclone and elevated thunderstorms out
    ahead of it with some backbuilding character could yield hourly
    amounts to 2.5" and local totals to 4" across South-Central TX
    over the next few hours. Flash flooding is more probable in urban
    areas.

    Discussion...A frontal boundary is edging southward across the
    region, with more southward sag east of San Antonio than from the
    city westward. Showers and thunderstorms with occasional
    backbuilding character are near and behind this front. To the
    west, northwest of Sabinal, a mesocyclone is progressing eastward
    elevated over the front. Precipitable water values of 1.4-1.7"
    lie here. ML CAPE is ~ 2000 J/kg, and effecitve bulk shear of
    30-50 kts is helping to sustain the mesocyclone.

    Radar reflectivity trends indicate the possibility of backbuilding
    and cell mergers with the incoming mesocyclone as the main causes
    for heavy rainfall over the next few hours. Hourly amounts to
    2.5" with local totals to 4" appear possible here given the
    available ingredients, which would be most problematic in urban
    areas due to ongoing drought conditions.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!95fFyTL52dXOxSaiUekZeNloeGDcLbzhxoPwcUc5rXUAcYdhD3gVJ53nK76zuXCBB5W6= QtPNf0JkpsockHL8hCfeISY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30089917 29859665 28959664 28989790 29169900=20
    29469982 29849988=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 23:50:10 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 072350
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-TXZ000-080600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0047
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    649 PM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...northwest & north-central Gulf Coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 080000Z - 080600Z

    Summary...Heavy rainfall concerns continue in the vicinity of a
    front sinking through the region. Hourly amounts to 2.5" with
    local totals to 4" could lead to flash flooding, primarily in
    urban areas.

    Discussion...A wavy front continues to settle southward towards
    the north-central and northwest Gulf Coast. Precipitable water
    values in the region are 1.3-1.7" per GPS data. Effective bulk
    shear is generally 25-50 kts, with the associated field sinking
    southward with the boundary. ML CAPE is 1000-3000 J/kg. The deep
    layer flow is generally out of the southwest. The above
    parameters support organized convection, and at times
    thunderstorms have organized into a linear or clustered
    appearance. Cell mergers have been common where 850 hPa inflow
    has shown some confluence in the Lower Mississippi Valley, while
    attempts at cell training have occurred north of Houston as of
    late. Mesocyclones have been present at times within the
    convective pattern. Backbuilding has also been seen at times.

    The mesoscale guidance suggests two main areas where heavy
    rainfall is preferred through 06z -- from far southeast TX through
    southern LA into southern MS, with a secondary maximum across the
    Brush Country of interior South TX. Based on the ingredients
    present, hourly rain amounts to 2.5" and local totals to 4" remain
    possible in these areas wherever cells merge, train, backbuilding
    occurs, or mesocyclones track. Much of the region is in long term
    drought so the three hour flash flood guidance values are rather
    high, in the 3-4" range. Urban areas appear most threatened by
    upcoming heavy rains. Flash flooding is considered possible.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6_31B0A2GaDp9yCuMrNtL1m7q3KSwVjiLETYDH5rg0VPMfyao5QAgd6DbBitCdCKZlUb= hTOn8LQy_SPD5O7JrtCkJ7Y$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...BRO...CRP...EWX...HGX...JAN...LCH...LIX...
    MOB...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33128827 32318749 30788773 29878893 29439145=20
    29329399 28539567 26859715 26289912 27299997=20
    28349995 29679852 31229470 32299144 33048981=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Mar 8 06:02:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 080602
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-TXZ000-081000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0048
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    101 AM EST Sun Mar 08 2026

    Areas affected...Gulf Coast from Galveston Bay to western FL and
    southwest AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 080559Z - 081000Z

    Summary...The threat for flash flooding will linger across
    portions of the central Gulf Coast from near Galveston Bay to the
    western FL Panhandle and southwestern AL for at least another 3-4
    hours. Hourly rainfall of 1-2 inches will be most common within
    axes of training, but localized 2+ in/hr rates are also expected.

    Discussion...0530Z radar and surface observations showed a wavy,
    elongated outflow boundary that extended from Galveston Bay into
    southwestern AL. MRMS showed the highest hourly rainfall values
    from south-central LA into southwestern AL with a range between 1
    and 3 inches. 05Z SPC mesoanalysis showed MLCAPE along and south
    of the outflow boundary of 500-1500 J/kg and PW values of 1.5 to
    1.9 inches where cold tops continued to periodically cool on
    infrared satellite imagery. 850 mb winds varied across the Gulf
    Coast region but were generally between 15-25 kt from the S to SW,
    supporting overrunning. Aloft a low to mid-level shortwave trough
    axis was seen from central AL into south-central LA, tracking
    eastward beneath strongly diffluent and divergent flow aloft,
    within the right-entrance region of a 120+ kt upper level jet over
    the MS Valley to the north.

    The elongated outflow boundary is likely to continue slowly
    advancing south and southeast over the next few hours, eventually
    pushing south of a majority of the LA/MS coast while warm/moist
    air continues to overrun it from the south. Areas of training are
    likely to continue in the short term, but should become less
    widespread through time. This will be as the low-mid level
    shortwave and the upper level jet max advance toward the E/ENE,
    weakening and shifting large scale ascent away from the LA/MS
    coast. Diffluence will remain pronounced over the Gulf Coast
    however, so there is some potential for more isolated thunderstorm
    development back to the west, near the upper TX coast where the
    outflow boundary may continue to linger just inland of the Gulf
    Coast.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4nu5WEY2EOHy9lm9_7pVs8y7KZABMIuguyQaAk-lfeCccbqg5K9lhz5T_Xf26cuwoZUi= eeDl8XTGzGH9ED8YkRwGY9w$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HGX...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32618773 32518715 31938687 30888711 30108764=20
    29828838 29708944 29539053 29469202 29429360=20
    29109447 29279516 30029517 30359423 30739214=20
    31049025 31378932 31988841=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Mar 8 10:02:19 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 081002
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-TXZ000-081400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0049
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    501 AM EST Sun Mar 08 2026

    Areas affected...Upper TX Coast into Southwestern LA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 081000Z - 081400Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated flash flood potential will exist along the
    upper TX coast into southwestern LA through 14Z. Training of heavy
    rain could support 1 to 3 inches per hour

    DISCUSSION...Area radar imagery at 0945Z over TX/LA continued to
    show scattered thunderstorms from near Galveston Bay into portions
    of southwestern LA. 09Z surface observations showed these storms
    were located north of an outflow boundary that extended from
    Galveston Bay into the northern Gulf, south of the TX/LA border,
    and then eastward, hugging the LA coast into southeastern LA.
    Stronger, quasi-organized cells, were located along the northern
    extent of MLCAPE, estimated to be 500-1000 J/kg via 09Z SPC
    mesoanalysis data. The instability was present from the middle to
    upper TX coast to just south of I-10 in southwestern LA.

    850 mb winds were from the SSW to SW via area VAD wind plots at
    10-20 kt and are forecast by the RAP to maintain a similar
    intensity over the next few hours. Low level flow overrunning the
    outflow boundary with cell motions oriented roughly parallel to
    the boundary were allowing for a locally increased training
    potential. Flow aloft remain rather diffluent which will aid lift
    across the region. The environment is capable of supporting hourly
    rainfall of 1 to 3 inches per hour which could result in a
    isolated flash flooding, however, low coverage of these higher
    rainfall rates should limit the flash flood threat.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4IA2jrZhvNStomp_AhBZ8AQvQrtrc0aoxCuonFMDq7iY9EuCAfyQcm__EMm6XPiSUR1H= pDe3-TDmu6LMs3JBUF9qU1M$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HGX...LCH...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30729289 30489231 30129198 29509200 29329247=20
    29409357 29189442 29059518 29539561 30279496=20
    30649372=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Mar 8 12:37:49 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 081237
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-081700-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0050
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    736 AM EST Sun Mar 08 2026

    Areas affected...South-central Texas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 081235Z - 081700Z

    SUMMARY...Slow moving cells capable of 1.75"/hr rates near the
    Southern Balcones Escarpment/San Antonio Metro may pose localized
    flash flooding concerns through mid-morning.

    DISCUSSION...EWX RADAR and GOES-E 10.3um EIR continue to show
    increasing coverage and cooling top/intensifying thunderstorms
    across south-central Texas. Return weak southerly moisture flux
    over the shallow cold front across Deep South Texas combined with
    favorable divergence in the exit/diffluence of upper-level jet max
    has enhanced scattered early morning shower activity into
    deeper/broader updrafts capable of intense rainfall. VWP at EWX
    combined with RAP analysis suggests a recent uptick in 850-700mb
    flow to 15kts, but generally into the northern limit to the weak
    isentropic ascent providing this additional convergence to
    generate/expand convective activity. CIRA LPW shows sfc-850 and
    850-700mb tight moisture gradient indicative of the shallow front
    with values near .8-.9 and .5" respectively. The loading of this
    1.5 to 1.75" total PWat into the cells has increased rainfall
    efficiency to support 1.5-1.75"/hr rates, especially the broader
    cell in Bexar county, which also shows solid suggestion of upwind redevelopment.=20

    Deep layer steering driven mainly below 700mb has more of a slow
    northward shift within broadly westerly flow, which is also nearly
    parallel to the moisture/flux gradient. This may allow for short
    periods of repeating to allow for hour plus duration or random training/repeating from upstream cells too. Spots of 2-3" are
    possible in 1-2 hours though the mid-morning (through 15-17z)
    until favorable jet divergence slides further eastward/weakens as
    well.=20

    Proximity to San Antonio Metro/broad urban center and Balcones
    Escarpment will likely be the greatest driver of flash flooding
    potential. Naturally low FFG along/north of the city with hourly
    values between 1.5-2" are well within the potential of low-end
    exceedance and suggestive of localized possible incident or two of
    flash flooding, especially if combined with hydrophobic urban
    setting, further compounding run-off potential. Though south of
    the escarpment across the sandier Coastal Plain, FFG values
    increase rapidly and therefore flooding risk would be considerably
    lower, but still non-zero.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9tzj-zTZ90x2te8mwPXgbDHtrsqYx0S_4Cjxoj7kTw-4gQaI7vWu40Z0j9hJOpsjHCDG= UFRr_SquB34e9DYxpbqy-ek$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 29999741 29759663 29389614 28909595 28569640=20
    28349786 28389910 28619953 28919971 29259965=20
    29649922 29919843=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Mar 8 17:02:52 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 081702
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-082130-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0051
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1201 PM EST Sun Mar 08 2026

    Areas affected...South-Central Texas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 081700Z - 082130Z

    SUMMARY...Risk of low-end, widely scattered incidents of possible
    flash flooding continue for a few more hours. Localized rates up
    to 2"/hr

    DISCUSSION...Surface to 850mb analysis shows the shallow cold air
    remains in place across the Coastal Plain of South Texas with
    surface north/north-easterlies across nearly all of the state.=20
    However, onshore flow has veered a bit toward southeast continues
    to isentropically ascend across the front which is banked up along
    the coast itself. Northeasterly flow through 925mb at EWX
    combined with recent CIRA LPW in the Surface to boundary layer
    level align to denote the moisture gradient aligns with
    directional convergence. MUCAPEs have modified slightly since
    this morning, but remain with pockets of values nearing 1500 J/kg
    to support the stronger vertical ascent for these scattered
    thunderstorms. Divergence aloft continues to be fairly solid in
    the weak split in the upper-level sub-tropical jet streak; but the
    upstream ridging is increasing and advecting eastward in WV
    showing the favorable environment will continue to shift and
    eventually diminishing through the evening as it reaching the
    central TX coast toward Victoria, TX

    Longer trend animation shows the 925 to 850mb just east of Rio
    Grande River near/centered around Cotulla; though WAA extends
    through 700mb before veering sufficiently for nearly west to east
    steering flow. This effective bulk shear nearing 50+kts along
    with RADAR animation shows updrafts have modest rotation to
    further isallobarically increase moisture flux convergence to
    broaden the updrafts increasing rainfall efficiency. Bunker's
    right mover propagation vectors allow for the more eastward
    deflection and slowing of forward motions to allow for increasing
    overall rainfall duration. Given total flux of the 1.75" at
    10-15kts through the low levels as increased rainfall efficiency
    in these cells toward 2"/hr with occasional localized upticks to
    2.5". As such localized streaks of 2-4" are starting to form and
    near the longer/higher FFG values (3-4"/3hrs). As such,
    localized flash flooding remains possible though likely remain
    widely scattered to scattered in overall coverage with overlap
    into urban centers resulting in the greatest flash flood
    potential.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!87kuqhY-PHOB8lpVdiEFATdF6AtIQzNEIP7IVPmpoLZjcG8lbRy0R0e63zzRLJHC7FVb= a5iY9d4hrVl9oZFkS6e-Snc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 29749720 29629635 29379606 28989601 28599622=20
    28279687 28189739 28099840 28169892 28469928=20
    29019937 29509900 29739809=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Mar 9 17:13:40 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 091713
    FFGMPD
    TNZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-ARZ000-092230-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0052
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    112 PM EDT Mon Mar 09 2026

    Areas affected...Central & Eastern AR...Southwest TN...Northern
    MS...Northwest AL...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 091715Z - 092230Z

    SUMMARY...Broadening upstream redevelopment of
    showers/thunderstorms with potential for increased
    training/repeating through afternoon. Rates increasing from 1 to
    1.5"+/hr with 2-3" totals over wet upper-soils posing localized
    possible flash flooding risk this afternoon.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-WV suite depicts a small and fairly compact
    roll-up vortex/shortwave over north-central OK shifting ENE along
    interface of strong zonal westerlies to the north and increasingly
    flattening sub-tropical stream across TX. This sub-tropical jet
    speed max at 70kts has left exit divergence favorably aligned over
    AR at this time helping to support/maintain initial convective
    activity into a broader complex. RADAR and EIR shows the leading
    edge of the convection has seen an uptick in activity/cooling as
    the cluster further expands into a weak bow like forward
    propagating MCS. The positive dPVA from the approaching shortwave
    is maintaining solid 40+ kts of west-southwesterly LLJ that slowly
    continues to veer with bulge of enhanced total PWats up to 1.7"
    interfacing with the upwind edge of the cluster. This will
    continue to support upwind flanking redevelopment on the
    isentropic moisture flux convergence (as noted with some weaker
    elevated development across Yell/Logan and Johnson counties at
    this time.

    RAP analysis along with GOES-E Visible imagery shows increasing
    clearing downstream east of the MS River and with slightly higher
    surface moisture; instability is starting to climb over 1000 J/kg
    perhaps reaching 1500 J/kg over the next few hours to further fuel
    the leading convective cells. Given the strength of moisture
    convergence, rain-rates will increasing from near 1"/hr currently
    toward 1.5"-1.75"/hr over the next few hours. As the inflow
    veers, and some weak divergence in the deeper layer steering flow
    across MS into AL, propagation should deflect southeastward a bit
    increasing the potential for the flanking development to
    repeat/train across east-central AR along and south of the TN/MS
    border (in proximity to an old eroding stationary front).

    As such, an axis of 2-3" totals are probable. Recent moderate to
    heavy rainfall has increased soil saturation over the last few
    days with current NASA SPoRT LIS 0-40cm ratios around 60-65% or
    slightly above normal. As such, increased run-off is possible and
    may result in possible localized flash flooding (as FFG values
    1.5-2"/hr; 2-3"/3hrs).=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7dAQwJKs4_u-8TvD6FLNcw5R__R8vOGlBxm4jPVMHErZbzOT0GBX90SS_B4FdjH9Z3XP= 52NByVPw9jnWkB0J219ny5k$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HUN...JAN...LZK...MEG...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35629295 35619178 35439024 35058830 34578749=20
    33778780 33468887 33619089 34059281 34709372=20
    35369357=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Mar 9 21:31:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 092131
    FFGMPD
    GAZ000-TNZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-100329-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0053
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    529 PM EDT Mon Mar 09 2026

    Areas affected...portions of northern MS and AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 092129Z - 100329Z

    Summary...Backbuilding/training showers and thunderstorms are
    showing some increase in hourly rain amounts as of late. Hourly
    amounts to 2.5" with local totals to 4" are possible, which could
    lead to widely scattered flash flooding.

    Discussion...Showers and thunderstorms have been showing some
    backbuilding and training character across portions of northern MS
    and northern AL, as new activity forms near an instability/thermal gradient/pseudo front and then propagates east, downstream. This
    is occurring within an axis of some low-level confluence and ahead
    of a very positively tilted shortwave moving across southern MO
    and northwest AR, which is adding upper level diffluence.=20
    Precipitable water values are 1.4-1.8". ML CAPE to the south is
    1000-2000 J/kg.

    The 18z GFS-bases GDI implies further increase in cell coverage
    and intensity through at least 00z, which is seen at times within
    the 18z HREF and 12z REFS guidance. The area of low-level
    confluence is expected to shift east with time along with the
    parent upper level shortwave. Given the available ingredients,
    hourly amounts to 2.5" with local totals to 4" are possible.=20
    Given the somewhat lowered flash flood guidance from recent rains,
    flash flooding is expected to be widely scattered in coverage,
    with urban areas most sensitive.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7T4DzFEPuF-viri77kXj2gMO2pn24WoR5Kz3a6HYAWivFfTzypaIbnI3GhL9c0flkEnF= EZ2s8ND0UgNI7BCoUoSLLno$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...HUN...JAN...MEG...OHX...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35138808 35058686 33908502 33328546 32348783=20
    33459038 34388969 35048869=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 10 03:23:16 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100323
    FFGMPD
    GAZ000-ALZ000-100715-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0054
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1121 PM EDT Mon Mar 09 2026

    Areas affected...central AL into west-central GA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100320Z - 100715Z

    Summary...A localized risk of flash flooding will persist across
    central AL into west-central GA through 06Z to 07Z. Training with
    peak rainfall rates of 0.5 to 1.0 inches in 15 minutes and up to
    2-3 inches total rainfall may occur.

    Discussion...03Z radar imagery from KFFC showed an MCV just
    northwest of Atlanta, associated with a weakening convective
    cluster over the AL/GA border. The MCV was tracking steadily
    toward the east and cloud tops have been warming on infrared
    imagery over the past 1-2 hours as instability weakens. However, a
    remnant outflow boundary was analyzed from western GA into central
    AL, and was aligned WNW to ESE or parallel to mean storm movement.
    MLCAPE has been lowering per SPC mesoanalysis trends between 00Z
    and 03Z but 500-1000 J/kg likely remained along and south of the
    outflow boundary.

    Some ascent will remain across the region ahead of a mid-level
    shortwave located over the MO Bootheel at 03Z, with 20-30 kt of
    southwesterly 925-850 mb flow overrunning the outflow boundary
    from MS into AL and GA. While the window for flash flooding is
    shrinking, there will remain some limited potential for an
    additional 1-3 inches of rain from portions of central AL into
    west-central GA.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8cb38SomtAxAHQ4y82lrqMJ0hKANJTS6kQvBRMpFHDlf8E51PDWUYt1xclqDrxVXj8sO= Hl2LrorvMmZK8mizs5DebHw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...HUN...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34078419 34008362 33598306 33148295 32628342=20
    32388406 32398492 32608646 33028760 33638818=20
    34038770 33848674 33768601 33738512=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 10 21:05:00 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 102104
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-110300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0055
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    503 PM EDT Tue Mar 10 2026

    Areas affected...Hill Country into Central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 102103Z - 110300Z

    SUMMARY...Heavy showers and thunderstorms will be developing and
    expanding in coverage going through the evening hours. High
    rainfall rates capable of exceeding 2 inches/hour along with some
    periodic cell-training concerns will support a threat for some
    areas of flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E WV suite shows a well-defined
    southern stream closed low and associated mid-level trough
    ejecting across northern Mexico. This energy will be gradually
    crossing the Rio Grande Valley going into the evening hours, but
    will be interacting with a very moist and unstable airmass pooled
    across large areas of central TX, including the Hill Country.

    MLCAPE values of 2000 to 3000 J/kg are already in place across the
    region with effective bulk shear values of as much as 40 to 50
    kts. Already CI appears to be underway based on the latest
    satellite and radar data west of a line from Del Rio to San
    Angelo. As the upstream shortwave energy gradually arrives, and
    what is left of the warm mid-level CAP erodes, convection should
    expand rather rapidly near and to the east of a dryline.

    A combination of multicells and supercells are expected within an
    anomalously moist environment characterized by PWs of 1.25+
    inches, with these values running about 1 to 2 standard deviations
    above normal for this time of the year.

    Rainfall rates will be capable of locally exceeding 2 inches/hour
    with the stronger and more organized convective cells, and some
    upscale growth into an elongated MCS is generally expected by
    later this evening. This will be supported by a convergent
    low-level jet reaching 30 to 40+ kts. Some cell-mergers and
    periodic cell-training can be expected, with some localized swaths
    of 2 to 4 inches of rain possible.

    These rains will pose a threat for isolated to scattered areas of
    flash flooding given the high rainfall rates and locally sensitive
    terrain.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-lC1A621pQswQp_M-xmUpnsH_VOPGMbO157Q0JLugxibBst1mQP3Sm5pQQiUFwjHJWHG= cimM2CDb3vHpCd6zyBWqsG8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33039909 32909793 31959754 30329885 29430014=20
    29290111 29920205 30890183 32310052=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 10 21:31:31 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 102131
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-110330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0056
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    530 PM EDT Tue Mar 10 2026

    Areas affected...Extreme Southeast WI...Northern IL...Northwest
    IN...Southwest Lower MI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 102130Z - 110330Z

    SUMMARY...Strong to severe thunderstorms will develop and increase
    in coverage this evening. High rainfall rates of 1 to 2
    inches/hour coupled with cell-training concerns will drive a
    threat for flash flooding, including for the Chicago metropolitan
    area, going into the evening hours.

    DISCUSSION...The latest RAP analysis along with surface
    observations shows a quasi-stationary front draped from southeast
    IA through northern IL and into southern Lower MI. Multiple waves
    of low pressure are transiting the front. Meanwhile, the boundary
    layer along and south of the front continues to rapidly
    destabilize with MLCAPE values of 2000 to 3000 J/kg seen nosing up
    across northeast MO through central IL. This is also occurring
    ahead of a wave of low pressure over southern IA.

    Upstream shortwave energy along with the eastward advance of this
    surface low will drive the development and expansion of strong to
    severe thunderstorms across sizable areas of the Midwest over the
    next several hours. This convection is then expected to gradually
    evolve into a couple of larger scale MCS clusters this evening.
    The 18Z HREF guidance and recent special RAOB soundings shows a
    strongly sheared kinematic environment, including along the
    aforementioned front, which coupled with the available instability
    should strongly support supercell thunderstorms at least
    initially. Cell-mergers and upscale growth of MCS activity will
    favor heavy rainfall totals in addition to the severe hazards.

    Rainfall rates of 1 to 2 inches/hour are expected which will be
    aided by a strong low-level jet of 40 to 50+ kts. This enhanced
    moisture and instability transport into the front should persist
    well into the evening ahead of the approaching low center which
    will favor convective sustenance. Cell-training concerns will
    exist in time given nearly parallel alignment of the deeper layer
    steering flow with the front. This will support concerns for as
    much as 2 to 4 inches of rain locally which will drive a threat
    for areas of flash flooding.

    This threat will extend across the more urbanized locations
    including the Chicago metropolitan area. The primary concern for
    excessive rainfall totals for this period will be across northern
    IL, but expect northwest IN and southwest Lower MI to also see
    this threat materialize late this evening and into the overnight
    period.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4tkbRv6AWfHvB_Pfak0CkgURwQLo4u8dMnTMDSaPAgHKgx0kTTqrTSpdB9DQhfin_EFR= f-PCtqkDF8E4XGzveS7td40$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DVN...GRR...ILX...IWX...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42718717 42588590 41908557 41268601 40648747=20
    40488904 40759037 41419074 42089016 42548857=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Mar 11 02:16:06 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110216
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-IAZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-110700-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0057
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1014 PM EDT Tue Mar 10 2026

    Areas affected...southeastern KS into central MO/western IL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110212Z - 110700Z

    SUMMARY...Training of thunderstorms is likely to produce a SW to
    NE oriented stripe of heavy rain from southeastern KS into
    central/northern MO. Flash flooding will be possible in a few
    areas with 1 to 2 in/hr rates at times over the next 3-5 hours.

    DISCUSSION...Radar imagery from 0150Z showed thunderstorms
    expanding in coverage near Wichita, KS, which was the location of
    a surface low and attendant cold fronts. Another group of
    thunderstorms was located near a surface low in northern MO while
    additional thunderstorm development was expanding between the two
    surface lows along the frontal boundary from eastern KS into
    north-central MO. SPC mesoanalysis and area 00Z soundings within
    the warm sector showed PW values of 1.0 to 1.3 inches and MLCAPE
    of 1000 to 2000+ J/kg from southeastern KS into MO.

    The cold front is forecast to slowly by steadily advance toward
    the southeast over the next few hours but a strengthening low
    level jet with 850 mb wind speeds increasing in coverage and
    magnitude into the 50-60 kt range from southeastern KS into MO,
    will support increasing convergence of storms along the boundary.
    Mean storm movement parallel to the boundary will allow for
    training of cells and 1 to 2 in/hr rainfall rates as the
    cluster(s) of thunderstorms advance eastward with time. Storm
    total rainfall through 07Z of 1 to 3 inches is expected, but much
    of that could fall within 1 to 2 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7bKxiNe35-zdAn05yFCfxvJMNpMjns8sui7UVs8Igzc1H0RcQ9HeB3pmsvKrA6aQ_GWE= JyQD74mTWjIZ3B7e4U5yxeo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DMX...DVN...EAX...ICT...ILX...LSX...OUN...SGF...
    TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41239017 40708960 39628964 38639149 37709417=20
    37089624 36969803 37449813 38119730 39309487=20
    39849352 40659244 41159108=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Mar 11 03:27:06 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110327
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-MIZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-110900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0058
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1125 PM EDT Tue Mar 10 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern IL into northern IN, northwestern OH
    and southern MI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 110324Z - 110900Z

    SUMMARY...Training thunderstorms are likely to result in a few
    areas of flash flooding from northeastern IL into northern IN,
    northwestern OH and southern MI through 09Z. 1 to 2 in/hr rates
    and 2 to 4 inches of storm total rainfall can be expected.

    DISCUSSION...Scattered to numerous coverage of thunderstorms was
    ongoing over portions of the Midwest at 03Z with a training axis
    of cells from west to east through south-central Lower Michigan
    (locally 2+ in/hr), a forward propagating segment from southern
    Lake Michigan into northeastern IL and additional thunderstorms
    upstream. These storms were a combination of surface based and
    elevated with sufficient instability and moisture to produce 1 to
    2 in/hr rain rates where training was occurring.

    Ahead of the approaching upper trough, strengthening 850 mb winds
    of 40-50 kt will spread northward through the Midwest into Lower
    Michigan with overrunning of the front and rain-cooled boundaries
    within the warm sector. These storms will propagate overall in an
    eastward fashion, ahead of large scale ascent associated with an
    amplifying northern stream mid-level trough over the northern High
    Plains. However, areas of training are likely where cells orient
    with the mean steering flow from the west to southwest. A second
    round of convection is expected to approach northern IL from the
    southwest in the 07-10Z time frame tied to thunderstorms moving
    across the mid-MS Valley. 1 to 2 in/hr rain rates will be common
    within areas of training and storm total rainfall of 2-4 inches is
    expected where cell training maximizes through 09Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_YXQzp0WBLGmq37RbsyrVGLD9nd4E_oCY6E_eeiefE_GPYR8u8X96yci7Mb734hL8dC0= IIqkh2POK96yvvxoPpY5ee8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...APX...CLE...DTX...DVN...GRR...ILX...IWX...LOT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 44198346 44028268 43358224 42558233 41758268=20
    41128434 40858614 40758764 40878921 41898928=20
    42468705 43528596 43958454=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Mar 11 05:28:08 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110528
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-111000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0059
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    127 AM EDT Wed Mar 11 2026

    Areas affected...central to northeastern TX, southeastern OK and
    southwestern AR

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110526Z - 111000Z

    SUMMARY...Training of heavy rain from SW to NE is becoming
    increasingly likely from portions of central/northeastern TX into
    southwestern AR and possibly southeastern OK. Rainfall rates of
    1-2 in/hr and storm totals of 2-4 inches through 10Z along with
    isolated flash flooding will be possible.

    DISCUSSION...05Z infrared satellite imagery showed two regions of
    colder cloud tops over the Southern Plains, one over eastern OK
    and another over south-central TX. Radar imagery and surface
    observations showed an outflow boundary between these two regions=20
    of convection which extended from just west of Clarksville, TX to
    near Corsicana and southwestward to near Gatesville where the
    boundary intersected an eastward advancing line segment over
    central TX.

    A 50-60+ kt 850 mb low level jet (sampled via VAD wind data from
    KEWX and KGRK) will help to slow the southward advancement of the
    outflow over northeastern TX, and will likely support increasing
    thunderstorm development along and north of the boundary. Low
    level moisture transport will also act to reduce a relative dry
    layer between 850-700 mb as seen on OSPO LPW and RAP analysis
    point soundings across the northern Piney Woods section of
    northeastern TX. Mean steering flow oriented parallel to the low
    level axis of convergence will likely support areas of training as
    the advancing convection presently over central TX makes its way
    eastward. Additional, more discrete convective development will
    also be possible over portions of east-central and northeastern
    TX, out ahead of the advancing convective line, but this potential
    is a bit uncertain. With or without the development of discrete
    cells out ahead of the main cluster, it is appearing more likely
    that areas of training will occur through 10Z from northeastern TX
    into southwestern AR with 1 to 2 in/hr rain rates from training.
    Localized flash flooding will be possible with 2 to 4+ inches of
    peak storm total rainfall expected.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4fbnMO9VYH8iZH3LBiBz9oypgjNWu-931qlX_Mi7QkuuYxAras5dIugajCII3BK1K8LK= O87OCJH8M8shVaHD2v452IE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...HGX...LZK...SHV...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34779291 34469230 33709240 33309280 32509363=20
    31679442 30919577 30989736 31349792 31629802=20
    32099777 32729687 33229614 33829530 34609432=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Mar 11 08:53:12 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110853
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-111400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0060
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    452 AM EDT Wed Mar 11 2026

    Areas affected...eastern IL, central IN into northern OH

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110851Z - 111400Z

    SUMMARY...Areas of training will increase the potential for
    localized flash flooding from portions of eastern IL into central
    IN and northern OH through 14Z. Rainfall rates of 1-2 in/hr and
    storm total rainfall of 2 to 4+ inches can be expected.

    DISCUSSION...0830Z regional radar imagery showed a broken and
    elongated axis of thunderstorms from near St. Louis into central
    IL and western IN, followed by another linear segment over
    northeastern IN into northwestern OH. These convective axes were
    located within the warm sector of a WSW-ENE oriented frontal
    boundary, represented by 500 to 1500+ J/kg MLCAPE from
    south-central IL into northwestern OH along with PWs of about 1.0
    to 1.5 inches (08Z SPC mesoanalysis).

    Some minor strengthening of 925-850 mb southwesterly flow (up to
    ~60 kt) is expected to advance from southern IL into IN and
    eventually western OH over the next few hours, helping to focus
    one more more axes of convergence near convectively induced
    outflow boundaries which will at times be in general alignment
    with the mean steering flow from the WSW to SW. This setup will
    support training of heavy rain at times with 1 to 2 inches per
    hour likely within any axes of training.

    Forecasts of instability from the RAP are for a gradual reduction
    through 14Z across IL/IN/OH which will act to decrease rainfall
    intensity but strong divergence within the right-entrance region
    of a powerful 150+ kt upper jet max to the north may help to
    compensate for the forecasts of lessening instability. Therefore,
    a chance for localized flash flooding seems plausible across the
    Midwest over the next 3-6 hours with potential for storm totals of
    2 to 4+ inches.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_Z8cFphTvW_N8XFRMYwpQkbaXxErJGIprrWPEANPT9DQhVwQmEJMv9LGPheKZYpsmAo5= hBXdZ-oVJ1wK-8GuROINSvE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...ILN...ILX...IND...IWX...LOT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42108112 41728081 41108194 40548310 39458592=20
    39148846 40248901 41158743 41688553 41668451=20
    41668360 41718284=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Mar 11 09:56:42 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110956
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-111500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0061
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    555 AM EDT Wed Mar 11 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern TX into central/southern AR and
    northwestern LA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110954Z - 111500Z

    SUMMARY...A continued increase in thunderstorm intensity and
    potential training appears likely over the next few hours from
    northeastern TX into central/southern AR and northwestern LA.
    Training of thunderstorms will support hourly rainfall of 1 to 2+
    inches and possible flash flooding through 15Z.

    DISCUSSION...Trends in GOES East infrared satellite imagery over
    northeastern TX through 0930Z have shown an increase in colder
    cloud tops over the past hour, related to an increase in rainfall
    intensity along a narrow convective axis, out ahead of a forward
    propagating convective line extending from the southern OK/AR
    border into east-central TX. This activity was located to the
    north of a weakly defined outflow boundary which has made it all
    the way to the Houston metro and the recent uptick appears to be
    related, at least in part, to increased low level moisture seen
    advecting north on OSPO ALPW imagery in the surface to 700 mb
    layer over eastern TX/western LA. Confluent flow just above the
    surface located beneath modestly diffluent upper level winds was
    observed over the TX/AR border where 500-1500 J/kg MLCAPE was
    estimated on the 09Z SPC mesoanalysis with little to no inhibition.

    Low level moisture transport into the region and low level
    confluence appear to remain in the short term forecast across the
    ArkLaTex and eastward into southern AR and northwestern LA. Given
    sufficient instability looks to remain present across the region
    over the next 3-6 hours via recent RAP forecasts, an axis of heavy
    rain looks likely to setup from northeastern TX into AR/LA. While
    this expected SW to NE axis of heavy rain should generally move
    from west to east, there is the potential for the southwestern
    flank of the axis to stall, supporting the potential for increased
    training and rain rates that could exceed 2 in/hr. However, more
    likely rain rates within training should fall in the 1-2 in/hr
    range. Through 15Z, 2 to 4+ inches of rain will be possible, much
    of which could fall within 2-3 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9uI-asL2kWpYIuDXduHCMxNuxYzA8JgQ7Ajo5KuVy07eO8Qqht4G9OoHK1K5yMdEgfj6= 8Bl-L0RfqDeiXC9FeahlHVw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HGX...JAN...LZK...MEG...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35309103 34999037 33429120 31619338 31059480=20
    31729528 33069475 34859258=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Mar 11 16:52:15 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 111652
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-PAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-KYZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-112250-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0062
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1250 PM EDT Wed Mar 11 2026

    Areas affected...Portions of the OH Valley and Lower Great Lakes

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 111650Z - 112250Z

    SUMMARY...Broken clusters of locally heavy showers and
    thunderstorms will continue through the afternoon hours. Locally
    high rainfall rates, moistening antecedent conditions and some
    cell-training concerns will maintain a threat for additional
    runoff problems including isolated to scattered areas of flash
    flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E satellite imagery along with radar
    shows broken clusters of heavy showers and thunderstorms advancing
    across the OH Valley and Lower Great Lakes region. More broadly,
    this activity is associated with strong warm air advection and
    moisture transport continuing to lift northeastward ahead of a
    wave of low pressure over southern Lower MI by also with the
    advance of multiple shortwave impulses across the region.

    Warm-sector diurnal heating with increasing solar insolation is
    noted over central and southern OH and extending back to the
    southwest over northern KY, southern IN and southeast IL. This has
    allowed for these areas to increasingly destabilize, and MUCAPE
    values of 1000 to 1500 J/kg are noted here with 3-hour MUCAPE
    differentials of locally 250 to 500+ J/kg seen from far southern
    IN and northern KY through central WV. This is allowing for a
    well-defined differential heating/outflow boundary to establish
    itself which is expected to become an increasing focus for
    convection going through the afternoon hours. This will further be
    facilitated by arrival of a new shortwave impulse from the Midwest
    which should yield favorable 400 to 700 mb DPVA within the broader
    warm air advection regime to drive deeper layer ascent.

    Meanwhile, areas downstream over western PA and far western NY are
    under the influence of a lead shortwave impulse with focused warm
    air advection and DPVA yielding broken areas of convection. Some
    hints at mesocyclone activity is noted in radar over Lake Erie,
    and this may help to bring locally focused rains into far western
    NY in a couple of hours. The 12Z HREF/06Z REFS guidance does
    attempt to bring the upstream convection back over some areas of central/southern OH through northern WV and southwest PA later
    today.

    Expecting a gradual uptick in rainfall rates capable of reaching
    1.5"/hour with the stronger storms. Given the cell-training
    concerns near the aforementioned differential heating/outflow
    boundary, some additional rainfall totals of 2 to 3 inches will be
    possible. This will pose a threat for isolated to scattered areas
    of flash flooding.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4epEr0m_uTWVSbIfLr7vCQwmeFuPccCynI3AOkF4kTvyEbQ64setvRY_4fU5ij9gNgh0= Y3tb4NkGOR-qT7LFqWi1mCs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BUF...CLE...CTP...ILN...ILX...IND...IWX...JKL... LMK...LSX...PAH...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...RHA...TAR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42827882 42437812 40997863 39528042 38428376=20
    37878744 38018892 38448943 38948890 40148540=20
    40948307 42168059=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Mar 15 18:42:13 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 151842
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-160000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0063
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    240 PM EDT Sun Mar 15 2026

    Areas affected...South FL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 151840Z - 160000Z

    SUMMARY...Slow-moving clusters of showers and thunderstorms with
    extreme rainfall rates may cause flash flooding going through
    early this evening. This could include some urban impacts.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E IR satellite imagery along with
    radar shows slow-moving clusters of very heavy showers and
    thunderstorms impacting portions of Miami-Dade and Collier
    Counties.

    This convection is focusing within a moist and unstable
    environment characterized by MLCAPE values of 1500 to 2500 J/kg
    and PWs of 1.5 to 1.7 inches. Some modest shear is in place with
    as much as 20 to 30 kts of effective bulk shear. Much of the
    activity recently though is tending to get its focus along the
    presence of multiple mesoscale boundaries including outflow and
    sea-breeze boundaries where there is small-scale convergence
    working with the favorable thermodynamic environment.

    Some modestly divergent flow aloft is noted also given proximity
    of a weak shortwave west of the FL Straits and Cuba. This modest
    deep layer ascent coupled with colliding surface boundaries should
    tend to keep the convective threat maintained going into the
    evening hours before sufficient levels of instability exhaustion
    occurs to promote a weakening trend of the convection.

    Already parts of the FL Everglades in Miami-Dade County have seen
    over 5 inches of rain, with much of the activity staying away from
    the urban areas. However, over the next few hours there will still
    be a threat locally for some of these stronger thunderstorms and
    heavier rainfall rates to impact the more populated areas of
    southern FL which in this case will extend to the the southwest
    coast including areas from Ft. Myers down through Naples. The
    southeast coast of FL meanwhile from Miami down to Homestead will
    still need to closely watch some of these slow-moving cells.

    Rainfall rates of 2 to 4 inches/hour and storm totals locally
    exceeding 5 inches are expected where any cells become anchored.
    Earlier runs of the HRRR and RRFS were suggesting this near parts
    of southwest FL in particular. As such, some areas of flash
    flooding will be possible given the very high rainfall rates and
    totals which may include some urban impacts.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6VYKq4ZHl918Q3pvMYHNoqpOeYvAl-jH0wrrSGBnRCSi1o3jC2LsBNc7NHfFUTvg-7RE= -pJF1ZBRxkXB7uyLw6uPMHo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...KEY...MFL...TBW...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 27018174 26468098 26118014 25657992 25178031=20
    25298104 26088186 26738218=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Mar 26 20:47:21 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 262047
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-PAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-270230-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0064
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    446 PM EDT Thu Mar 26 2026

    Areas affected...Northern Ohio...Western & Central PA... Southwest
    NY...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 262045Z - 270230Z

    SUMMARY...Saturated upper-layer soils/low FFG may be locally
    exceeded given potential for quick burst thunderstorms capable of
    .5-.75"/hr rates and localized totals of 1.5-2", especially
    in/near corridor or two of repeating cells.

    DISCUSSION...A strong 150-180kt 250mb zonal jet is streaking
    across the northern Great Lakes into southern Quebec with a subtle
    but sufficiently diffluent right exit region across the Lower
    Great Lakes this afternoon. In response, strong southwesterly
    warm-air advection regime is drawing higher moisture and slightly
    above normal higher theta-E air across the northern Ohio Valley
    into the Allegheny Plateau. Low level flow is solid per VWP with
    35-45kts of 925-850mb flow from the southwest with sufficient
    veering through 700-500mb to allow for a fairly unidirectional
    steering flow, with allowable for upstream redeveloping cells to
    potentially repeat across the area of concern late this afternoon
    into evening.=20

    At the surface a well defined front extends from the main surface
    low in SE IA across the southern LP of Michigan where secondary
    weaker wave exists, likely responding to the mid-level
    shortwave/diffluence pattern aloft. Surface moisture convergence
    in proximity to the surface front is further enhanced by cooler
    Lake Breeze and sharper low level temperature gradient along the
    southern coasts. This isentropic boundary in the low level flow
    regime will support enhanced moisture convergence at the
    northwestern nose of the mid-level instability pool upstream over
    IL/IN/NW OH. Available moisture is slightly above average with
    total Pwat values AoA 1.25", though the bulk is below 700mb and
    any thunderstorm development will help to load in the lower
    profiles providing some increased rainfall potential. Forward
    propagation will be very fast limiting overall duration, but
    Hi-Res CAMs include recent WoFS runs suggest isolated but broader
    updrafts capable of the very quick bursts of .5-.75" in 15-30 minutes...particularly further west and deeper into the more
    unstable (1500+ J/kg MUCAPE), higher moisture.=20

    However, the hydrological ground conditions are very sensitive as
    green-up is just about to start. FFG values are below average
    with hourly values about 1" reducing to .5-.75" across northern PA
    into S central PA. NASA SPoRT LIS products show 0-40cm saturation
    values over 60% increasing to over 80% where the lowest FFG value
    are; so even less vertically intense showers/thunderstorms capable
    of .25-.5"/hr rates downstream into NY/Central PA are likely to
    shed nearly all rain toward runoff. The overall magnitudes and
    coverage are likely to be limited in scope and lower end, but
    still pose a possible incident or two of flash flooding. This is
    also a concern across the larger urban centers of NE OH toward
    Pittsburgh metro later this evening.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9JCEIU5YItr7GdI7YePu8DnzptH-WUp77K6dlDwxPSN7BGp-1c-UvyeeyqpzQ03SeznQ= 4fb5sFTjjRsN87RHTbZVBP8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BGM...BUF...CLE...CTP...ILN...IWX...PBZ...

    ATTN...RFC...RHA...TAR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42667650 42057570 41177590 40477698 40127924=20
    40008191 39968419 40858437 41558200 42068053=20
    42287976 42627812=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 31 08:26:12 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 310826
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-311425-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0065
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    425 AM EDT Tue Mar 31 2026

    Areas affected...Western and Central New York

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 310825Z - 311425Z

    SUMMARY...An broken and fairly organized band of heavy showers and thunderstorms will move into western and central New York going
    through the morning hours. Locally heavy rainfall rates and some
    potential cell-training concerns will couple with moist antecedent
    conditions and areas of melting snow to foster a threat for
    localized flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...Recent regional radar mosaics and GOES-E infrared
    satellite imagery indicate that previously scattered convection
    over southern Ontario and Lower Michigan has congealed into a
    broken, linear band of semi-organized convection. Cloud tops have
    cooled significantly, denoting vigorous, sustained updrafts and
    thus a trend toward heavier rainfall rates.

    This activity is being driven by multiple upstream waves of low
    pressure over Lower Michigan that are transiting a stalled surface
    boundary draped across the Lower Great Lakes. Out ahead of these
    surface waves, the kinematic and thermodynamic environment is
    favorable for heavy, and locally training areas of convection
    which should enter western New York over the next couple of hours.
    A robust 50+ kt west-southwesterly low-level jet is nosing
    directly into the region, and this is generating intense speed
    convergence and enhanced warm air advection. The resultant
    isentropic ascent and forcing along the front coupled with the
    nose of modest instability with MUCAPE values of 500 to 1000 J/kg
    should allow for the upstream convective mass to advance east
    across western and eventually parts of central New York going
    through the morning hours.

    Rainfall rates are expected to climb into the 0.50" to 1.0"/hr
    range which is supported by the 00Z HREF guidance. Given the
    cell-training concerns, some rainfall totals this morning may
    reach 1.5 to 3.0 inches. The HREF guidance shows the highest
    probabilities of this generally near the Lake Ontario shoreline
    and the I-90 corridor.

    NASA SPoRT soil moisture and USGS streamflow data suggests an
    increasingly moist and sensitive environment that will be
    conducive for this morning's rainfall leading to an increase in
    runoff concerns. Some snowmelt over the Tug Hill Plateau region is
    ongoing and will further contribute to the risk. Thus, the threat
    for at least localized areas of flash flooding will exist which
    will include the highly urbanized I-90 corridor (Buffalo to
    Syracuse) and some of the adjacent steeper terrain.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8AHCzXz7s8TCfOg5ZP_VnIr4GREdIeEiVWfpL-qrMuZ5n0hODg8DcruXkoSt3K8v-wao= 1Z5e0VivG1oCnPGwt5-e5gw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ALY...BGM...BUF...

    ATTN...RFC...RHA...TAR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 44027576 43927446 43487388 42797394 42387468=20
    42307618 42467812 42797920 43377915 43497815=20
    43557751 43597685=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 31 17:33:17 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 311733
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-PAZ000-312330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0066
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    132 PM EDT Tue Mar 31 2026

    Areas affected...West-Central New York...Northern Pennsylvania

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 311730Z - 312330Z

    Summary...Training thunderstorms along a stationary front will
    support additional instances of flash flooding this afternoon as
    they overlap with moist antecedent soil conditions in west-central
    New York and northern Pennsylvania.

    Discussion...Airmass recovery is underway across portions of
    west-central New York and northern Pennsylvania as remnant heavy
    showers and thunderstorms from this morning depart the area ahead
    of a weak shortwave. Within the first round of storms, periodic
    cell-training led to an estimated 1-3" of rainfall near the Tug
    Hill Plateau per recent MRMS and NYS Mesonet data, which led to at
    least one report of flooding near Phelps, New York earlier this
    morning.

    While the first round exits, elevated thunderstorms are
    approaching upstream from the Midwest and Ontario as a 40 kt low
    level jet interacts with a shortwave and right entrance region
    ascent amid widespread 7-8 degree mid-level lapse rates. Over the
    next 3-4 hours, the RAP suggests this forcing will lift into the
    Northeast and support an environment characterized by 1000-1500
    J/kg of MLCAPE and 40-50 kts of effective bulk shear.

    Accordingly, CAMS are in good agreement for upstream storms to
    intensify and train with new development expected over western New
    York and northwest Pennsylvania this afternoon, even if they are
    too slow with the activity in the Ohio Valley. As these training
    storms eclipse 1-1.5"/hr rainfall rates at peak intensity this
    afternoon, additional instances of flash flooding are possible
    owing to the low FFG values over portions of west-central New York
    and northern Pennsylvania -- as low as 0.25-0.5"/hr in places.

    Asherman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5EJ-CgQX9tgN6nfLF0Fa6tiHXcmuxFoMcHFultO3zE69V3JEza4xWbKeQtuTn9gKjaR6= KwIuCGdxbVLgYyQfTr9zw60$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ALY...BGM...BTV...BUF...CLE...CTP...

    ATTN...RFC...RHA...TAR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 44307567 44047418 43257383 42387405 41997487=20
    41857593 41787794 41977970 42797992 43527915=20
    43647722=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 31 22:48:54 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 312248
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-INZ000-010300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0067
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    647 PM EDT Tue Mar 31 2026

    Areas affected...Northeastern Indiana and Northern Ohio

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 312247Z - 010300Z

    SUMMARY...A line of training showers and thunderstorms could cause
    localized flash flooding across northeastern Indiana and northern
    Ohio.

    DISCUSSION...A line of storms, demarcated by a pair of segments of
    much more intense convection, has set up across northern Indiana
    and Ohio this afternoon. The initial segment of storms is
    weakening across far northeast Ohio and far western PA. The back
    segment of storms is closing in on Ft. Wayne, IN. In between, some
    weaker showers and storms have set up in an east-west line, with
    the storms also tracking east, resulting in training. The stronger
    storms in the back segment over Indiana have a history of
    producing rainfall rates to 1.5 inches per hour.

    Most high-resolution model guidance, while behind where the storms
    actually are by about 2 hours, still suggest that the back segment
    in Indiana will "fill-in" as it moves east, resulting in an
    east-west oriented cluster of more intense convection where
    individual cells embedded within the cluster train over the same
    areas. PWATs are over 1.25 inches into the Ohio Valley, and CAPE
    values are between 1,000 and 2,000 J/kg into central Illinois and
    Indiana. Combined with sufficient forcing along the front, the
    setup suggests that the storms will have no trouble keeping storms
    intense and capable of heavy rainfall through the late afternoon.
    Flash flood guidance of 1.5-2 inches in 3-hours over most of
    northern Ohio should be exceeded given the 1.5+ in/hr rates
    already seen with the storms over Indiana, especially as the area
    in between the segments of storms fills in over the next couple
    hours or so.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9katCsrILRBviETCD9baUTBW-entNocx3aUDfVX0zPtQ1-_gWeFWjQKpZxCjtuj3LBoR= n5aJas2ZuX-LnVZ95p0DOIY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...ILN...IWX...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41428566 41388486 41388354 41338219 40998116=20
    40188133 39788205 39858257 40018339 40278406=20
    40528477 40908555=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 31 23:34:54 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 312334
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-PAZ000-OHZ000-010500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0068
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    733 PM EDT Tue Mar 31 2026

    Areas affected...Western New York and Northwestern Pennsylvania

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 312332Z - 010500Z

    SUMMARY...Additional convection moving into western Pennsylvania
    and New York will likely cause more flash flooding into the
    evening as additional line segments of storms move over previously
    hard-hit and low FFG areas.

    DISCUSSION... A series of line segments of showers and
    thunderstorms are quickly moving eastward out of Ohio and the
    Ontario Peninsula towards western New York and Pennsylvania. Very
    low FFGs are in place across much of western New York from ongoing
    or recently ended storms. As the next round of storms approaches,
    additional rainfall will be moving over areas with ongoing
    flooding, or in the case of portions of western Pennsylvania, over
    areas with low FFGs such that new flooding is likely as the storms
    continue to produce occasional rainfall rates exceeding 1" per
    hour. Diminishing daylight will help to gradually lower the
    instability and potential rainfall rates, however, even somewhat
    lighter rainfall under an inch per hour, with sufficient duration,
    will cause flash flooding.

    As the storms move across New York and Pennsylvania, they remain
    likely to align in a roughly west-to-east line, allowing training
    from multiple heavier rain cells to move over the same areas.
    Thus, while rainfall rates may decline with time, training over
    low FFG areas should still result in some flooding. This is in
    large part due to a 40-50 kt LLJ tracking WNW across the region,
    supplying moisture and instability to the warm environment ahead
    of the front, but at an angle sufficiently parallel to the front
    to support multiple rounds of training thunderstorms.

    Late this evening, all the activity is expected to sink south
    across Pennsylvania and weaken with time as nocturnal, more stable
    air builds, thus ending the rain threat.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5e9nYAagNkdaLmiARDmb5B-J7MLVifvbNFdGo3hkmYXuJtkjw9XZ1oWUyCPemCjLUfDu= WEZ4i5EVs1mqfDGjSL66QBI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ALY...BGM...BUF...CLE...CTP...PBZ...

    ATTN...RFC...RHA...TAR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43427851 43347775 43287753 43307704 43307683=20
    43087627 42977548 42837468 42627382 41957389=20
    41857413 41547507 41197581 40797663 40507758=20
    40447868 40357938 40508016 41008064 41948069=20
    42547933 42847890 43047908 43307904=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 1 02:56:58 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 010256
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-INZ000-010855-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0069
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1055 PM EDT Tue Mar 31 2026

    Areas affected...Central and Eastern Indiana...Ohio...Western
    Pennsylvania

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 010255Z - 010855Z

    SUMMARY...Organized clusters of heavy showers and thunderstorms
    will continue to track across the Ohio Valley overnight. Training
    of convective cells will lead to additional localized rainfall
    amounts of 2 to 3 inches. Given wet antecedent conditions,
    isolated to scattered flash flooding is likely, particularly in
    urban areas and locations that have seen prior rainfall.

    DISCUSSION...Regional radar mosaics indicate a broad, active
    corridor of convection extending from central Indiana through Ohio
    and into western Pennsylvania. This activity is being driven by a
    persistent 40 to 50 kt west-southwesterly low-level jet that is
    maintaining strong moisture convergence and isentropic ascent over
    convectively induced outflow boundaries south of a slow-moving and
    largely stalled synoptic front.

    While absolute instability and moisture are modest, the highly
    favorable kinematics and the continuous convective regeneration
    along these boundaries are resulting in localized pockets of
    cell-training. Current MRMS instantaneous rainfall rates are
    generally 0.50 to 1.0 inch per hour, but are peaking as high as
    1.0 to 1.5 inches per hour occasionally with the strongest and
    most anchored cores.

    High-resolution guidance, including the 18Z HREF and latest HRRR
    runs, indicates this low-level jet will remain robust through much
    of the overnight hours before gradually weakening after 09Z. As a
    result, this regenerative convective threat will tend to be
    sustained at least over the next several hours. In time,
    additional slackening of the instability will tend to weaken the
    activity and lessen the rain rates. Nevertheless, additional
    localized rainfall totals of 2 to 3 inches are expected along the
    primary training axes overnight.

    Recent rainfall has left antecedent soil conditions wet to
    saturated across portions of the region, promoting significantly
    lower FFG thresholds. The combination of primed basins, fairly
    efficient rainfall rates, and rainfall duration will lead to areas
    of rapid runoff. As a result, isolated to scattered instances of
    flash flooding are considered likely, with an elevated threat for
    urban corridors and the sensitive terrain of western Pennsylvania.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5Cqq3Qkxda1cDhhl-m2210Q2IB8-1NPKXUSotooev16O4acN3ywmZbbQOEeHSEHgNphV= lpQWRHzZa9mdWjIbBM7F6J0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...CTP...ILN...IND...IWX...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...RHA...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41917964 41667841 41117789 40387837 40058033=20
    39898267 39958431 40068543 40418605 40978622=20
    41488551 41678458 41628250 41868093=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 2 00:01:44 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 020001
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-020600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0070
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    800 PM EDT Wed Apr 01 2026

    Areas affected...Northeastern Oklahoma & Southeast Kansas into
    Central Missouri

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 020000Z - 020600Z

    SUMMARY...Clusters of storms developing along a nearly stationary
    frontal boundary and developing area of low pressure are training
    and merging within the clusters as they track northeast. Despite
    very dry antecedent soil conditions, rainfall rates to 2 inches
    per hour with each strong cell will cause widely scattered
    instances of flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...Cyclogenesis along a stationary frontal boundary is
    underway across southeast Kansas this evening. A cluster of storms
    have developed southwest of the low, and is quickly congealing
    with other storms that have developed roughly along the
    Kansas-Missouri border south of Kansas City. The storms across
    Oklahoma have a history of producing rainfall rates to 2 inches
    per hour. Any hail with the storms should diminish with time as
    the atmosphere more fully saturates in and around the cluster of
    storms. Thus, the heavy rainfall threat will increase into the
    night. The low center will likely merge with a second low and
    Pacific front which is back to the west (not shown). These two
    features approach to each other will stall the eastward
    progression of the storms over the next several hours, allowing
    additional time for training convection to produce heavy rain.

    Antecedent soil conditions are bone dry across all of the
    highlighted area, so it may take another couple hours of heavy
    rainfall across the warned area before flooding can occur. Locally
    however, any areas under an extended duration of heavy rain could
    see localized flash flooding occur sooner. PWATs to 1.6 inches are
    being advected into the low on 30-40 kt southerly winds at 850 mb,
    which will sustain the storms into the overnight as that same
    low-level-jet intensifies above 50 kts once the second Pacific
    front catches up to the storms.

    More substantive eastward progression of the complex is expected
    late tonight, after 06Z, as the Pacific front catches up to the
    stationary boundary of storms and pushes everything off to the
    east. This will substantially diminish the flash flooding threat
    for this portion of the Plains.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!67PWvjvzgF5U3nymtUVCkJZO5-yAqUJy5QknMaWNxx8umxVicCfAnM6P3mTvaFirmEm1= VPlHiKZWo96NK2E-cjjv8po$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...ICT...LSX...OUN...SGF...TOP...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39889203 39669129 39089118 38339159 37269250=20
    36149391 35629503 35399613 35509702 35949717=20
    36489724 37049714 37489664 37869625 38649564=20
    39219497 39359466 39519416 39629374 39789302=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 2 05:31:49 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 020531
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-021029-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0071
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    129 AM EDT Thu Apr 02 2026

    Areas affected...far eastern Kansas, western/central/southern
    Missouri

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 020529Z - 021029Z

    Summary...Locally significant flash flooding continues -
    particularly across west-central Missouri. Another 2-3 hours of
    moderate to heavy rainfall are expected, potentially exacerbating
    ongoing flash flooding.

    Discussion...An axis of training convection has persisted along a southwest-to-northeast oriented line from just west of Columbia to
    about 50 miles north of Joplin. Along this axis, persistent
    rainfall has resulted in around 2-6 inches of rainfall in the past
    6 hours. The rainfall is being supported by strong southerly
    low-level flow (~40 knots at 850mb) impinging on a remnant outflow
    boundary from earlier storms. Deep southwesterly steering flow
    aloft was enabling additional convective elements to develop
    initially from a slightly more buoyant airmass over southeastern
    Kansas and move northeastward along this axis. Heavy rain has
    resulted in numerous road closures tonight.

    Additional heavy rainfall is expected across the impacted region.=20
    Deep convection extends from near Joplin southwestward to the
    Oklahoma/Kansas border near Bartlesville that will migrate
    east-northeastward. The clearing line behind this activity is
    roughly along US 75 (near a propagating MCS) and will take another
    2-4 hours to clear the region. Flash flooding is expected to
    continue (and perhaps worsen) through 10Z/5a central.

    Farther south and east, dry antecedent conditions and the
    forward-propagating nature of the Oklahoma/Kansas linear
    segment/MCS should result in lower chances for flash flooding
    overall. Low-water crossing and sensitive spots will have the
    greatest risk of isolated flash flooding in this regime.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!96GsjcHescerhJ3lgQ1A_gnKd4VW2UJIOnsXQXRJG4FnT6XwEYGU8_Q5qKm5fK_XSf6x= XQ3WmURy7ynKUQ7yom-iMMo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...ICT...LSX...SGF...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39379336 39269155 37939119 36669237 36579402=20
    37059514 37569530 38519466=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 2 19:06:29 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 021906
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-030030-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0072
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    305 PM EDT Thu Apr 02 2026

    Areas affected...Southern WI...Eastern IA...Northern IL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 021900Z - 030030Z

    SUMMARY...Periods of heavy rainfall within approaching
    thunderstorms may result in localized flash flooding this
    afternoon, potentially impacting the afternoon commute.

    DISCUSSION...A narrow band of heavy rainfall north of I-80 is
    making its way through eastern IA, northwest IL, and southern WI.
    This focused area of mesoscale enhanced rainfall is due to strong
    50-60kt 850mb winds out of the SW that are intersecting the
    surface warm front as it lifts north. The Midwest is also feeling
    the effects or a negatively-tilted 500mb vorticity maximum that is
    crossing east of the MO River this afternoon, generating
    exceptional upper-level divergence atop the atmospheric column.
    The highlighted region features >1.25" PWs, values that are above
    the 99th climatological percentile. Meanwhile, strong
    thunderstorms have flared up along the surface cold front in
    southern IA and northern MO. MUCAPE is likely to range between
    500-1,000 J/kg this afternoon as the warm sector races in aloft.
    These storms are progressive, but are heading northeast towards
    the same section of southern WI, northern IL, and eastern IA that
    are seeing MRMS radar estimated rainfall rates over 0.5"/hr. HRRR
    sampled soundings show warm cloud layers as deep as 10,000ft, so
    while rates may not be overly impressive, the rainfall itself
    features some supportive warm-rain processes aloft.

    In most cases, these areas would handle 0.5"/hr rainfall rates
    fairly well. That said, 1-hr FFGs are generally between 1.0-1.5"
    and with MUCAPE values gradually increasing as the warm sector
    encroaches, the band of rainfall currently in progress and the
    approaching storms could generate hourly rainfall rates up to
    1"/hr over the next several hours. Showers and storms remain
    progressive, thus limiting the areal extent and capping the
    severity of the potential for flash flooding. However, any areas
    that contend with both the ongoing band of heavy rain in eastern
    IA, northwest IL, and southern WI that then see the more intense
    storms pass through this afternoon could encounter some localized
    flash flooding and ponding. Any ponding on roadways could cause
    some trouble for motorists during the afternoon commute. More
    heavily urbanized locations containing a larger concentration of
    hydrophobic surfaces are particuarly prone to flash flooding, as
    well as low-lying areas and typical spots that drain poorly.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4kI67TM1hzkNwiHmOSK6m1yN5LwLWpPS3lCNlXFC-Yg9N8M29zrJZ7LNa5kbZ4sXjl3B= DOoNLcqj2eA1r7UuMCigUkk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DVN...GRB...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 44098771 43658752 43058766 42608790 41848894=20
    41488991 41449125 41799184 42539174 42929097=20
    43488964 44088827=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 3 19:49:47 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 031949
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-INZ000-040150-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0073
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    348 PM EDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Areas affected...Lower Great Lakes & Western PA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 031950Z - 040150Z

    SUMMARY...Progressive but potentially training thunderstorms have
    the potential to generate rainfall rates over 1.5"/hr. Locally
    saturated soils could be particularly at-risk for flash flooding
    this afternoon and evening.

    DISCUSSION...Daytime heating and low-level theta-e advection has
    destabilized the atmosphere from central IN all the way to western
    PA with as much as 500-1,000 J/kg of MLCAPE having become
    available in the past 3 hours per RTMA. Mesoscale guidance is
    showing as much as 1.5" PWs will be available over the western
    half of the at-risk region while PWs range between 1.2-1.5" over
    eastern OH and western PA. All PWs referenced are comfortably
    above the 90th climatological percentile. Mean winds within the
    850-300mb layer are running nearly parallel to a quasi-stationary
    front located over northern OH and along the Chautauqua Ridge.

    As differential heating along the front strengthens and convective
    temperatures over the OH Valley are reached, widespread showers
    and storms will develop and track WSW to ENE this afternoon and
    evening. Storms tracking parallel to the front with no change in
    the mean storm motion will support the potential for training and
    even back-building storms this afternoon. Soils in the region have
    grown increasingly saturated, particularly eastern OH and western
    PA where MRMS soil moisture values are between 50-75% saturated.
    12Z HREF shows low chances (10-30%) for 3-hr QPF totals surpassing
    3-hr FFGs in northern OH between 21Z and 00Z this afternoon, with
    similar low chance probabilities in far western PA. Eastern IN is
    farther east of the better probabilistic guidance, but some recent
    CAMs runs have shown some potential for 1.5"/hr rainfall rates in
    developing cells.

    The progressive motion of these cells should limit storm residency
    times, but with redeveloping storms expected to the south and
    west, training of storms containing up to 1.5"/hr rainfall rates
    are possible. 1-hr FFGs for much of the area range between
    1.0-1.5" as well, making it possible for areas of flash flooding
    to occur this afternoon. Low-lying and poor drainage areas are
    at-risk, including more urbanized locations.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8l5tZCQ8U5jzSFpiqd3uD1sg9sw9HuwEmBUXx4_VUkwfn2SsR8DwDeLNy7zNTLlPDV96= lh7H6-9qcXBSYaN0UwToY5s$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...CTP...ILN...IND...IWX...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41877921 41557891 41047925 40688006 40088151=20
    39928202 39508341 39318469 39408562 40318614=20
    40828559 40998427 41158336 41368168 41728016=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 3 21:02:49 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 032102
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-040300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0074
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    501 PM EDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Areas affected...Southern OK & Northern TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 032100Z - 040300Z

    SUMMARY...Strong-to-severe thunderstorms flaring up along and
    ahead of the dryline and an approaching cold front will back-build
    this afternoon and produce rainfall rates up to 2"/hr. Instances
    of flash flooding are likely.

    DISCUSSION...Doppler Radar and GOES East satellite imagery show
    thunderstorms erupting along the cold front over southern KS and
    near the dryline from the Red River on south and west. There is no
    shortage of instability as RAP mesoanalysis shows anywhere from
    2,000-3,000 J/kg of MLCAPE present. PWs currently are less than
    1.5" where storms are initiating. That will soon change as
    southerly low-level flow sustains the ongoing 850mb theta-e
    advection. Meanwhile, the cold front diving south will slow down
    as southerly low-level winds intersect the boundary, allowing for
    a prolonged window of low-level forced ascent into a highly
    unstable environment. PWs will soon top 1.5" as the LLJ
    strengthens and warm cloud layers gradually deepen as the evening
    approaches.

    Excellent vertical wind shear aloft (40-50 kts effective bulk
    shear) and increasingly curved low-level hodographs containing as
    much as 100-200 m2/s2 of effective SRH will support supercells at
    the onset before congealing into a more organized linear cluster
    of storms this evening. Where mesocyclones develop, rainfall rates
    can be enhanced and exceed 2"/hr in some cases. The concern for
    locally significant flash flooding is due to the slowing of the
    cold front and the receding dry line as it backs up to the west.
    Several hours worth of southerly flow into these frontal
    boundaries combined with beneficial vertical wind profiles can
    give rise to back-building thunderstorms from north TX into
    central and northeast OK through this evening. 12Z HREF guidance
    does show low-to-moderate chances (20-50%) for storms that are
    capable of producing 6hr QPF > 6-hr FFGs through 06Z tonight. The
    20Z run of the WoFS (15km neighborhood probabailities) also showed
    some >50% probabilities for >2" of rainfall just north and south
    of the OKC metro area through 02Z.

    Soils in the Southern Plains welcome the rain given much of the
    region's D1-D3 drought status. However, these kind of excessive
    rainfall rates over very dry/hard soils can struggle to soak in
    rainfall right away and act more as like a hydrophobic surface.
    This can lead to rapid rises in water both in poor drainage areas
    and near by creek beds. Any metropolitan areas with a greater
    concentration of hydrophobic surfaces are also vulnerable. The
    combination of excessive rainfall rates up to 2"/hr and what is
    appearing to be multiple rounds of thunderstorms into this evening
    favors the likelihood for flash flooding. In cases where
    back-building and training occur, locally considerable instances
    of flash flooding are possible.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6AiuvJ3eOGnAlJe23itflsM8uEAPnBo3alG2JInTg3_-1idawiIBf7s1ydK8mL7Kuvt2= 5xfQLpIeifP-eGgyqd8U1u4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LUB...MAF...OUN...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36929643 36649567 35409609 33489996 33020080=20
    32610173 32840212 33650126 34480022 35369909=20
    36499793 36859739=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 3 22:49:50 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 032249
    FFGMPD
    MNZ000-IAZ000-040430-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0076
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    647 PM EDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Areas affected...Central IA...Southeast MN

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 032245Z - 040430Z

    SUMMARY...Thunderstorms approaching from the southwest will
    produce additional heavy rainfall over northern IA and southeast
    MN that saw rainfall recently over the past 24 hours. With soils
    growing increasingly saturated, localized flash flooding is
    possible.

    DISCUSSION...Rounds of thunderstorms continue to develop just east
    of the MO River as moist southwesterly flow at low levels
    intersects the 850mb front oriented from western IA on north and
    east into far southeast MN. Strong low-level WAA north of the warm
    front is allowing for as much as 1,000 J/kg of MUCAPE over central
    IA. Another round of storms on the northern periphery of the
    surface low will continue to race north and east over the next few
    hours in an environment that sports >1.25" PWs, which are above
    the 99th climatological percentile into central IA.

    Soils within the highlighted region were already coming into today
    a little more saturated thanks to yesterday's rainfall. NASA
    SPoRT-LIS 0-40cm soil moisture percentiles in north-central IA
    were above 80% saturation coming into today. MRMS shows 3-hr QPE
    from just north of Des Moines on north and east have received an
    additional 0.5" of rainfall (locally higher totals too). Most
    hourly rainfall rates are less than 1"/hr, but as the low deepens
    and WAA increases, warm cloud layers will also deepen and warm
    rain processes will make for more efficient rainfall rates that
    could approach 1"/hr. Latest 1hr FFGs are as low as 1"/hr in
    central IA. Flash flooding is possible, particularly along and
    just north of the warm front and the track of the surface low
    where a better source of instability is present. Locations most
    at-risk to flash flooding are poor drainage areas and spots where
    soils are beginning to struggle soaking in recent rainfall.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_r_IuqUMUIjk7Ch6sdo2ZPzGX-yKrltvOs3UOyWDa5oCCDftKcQQGGNHMWCbK50e-3YC= iIzHNj7H21Uytp12tVR17xs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...DVN...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43809169 43159133 42369175 41029340 40949450=20
    41969505 42589467 43089354 43729249=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 3 22:00:21 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 032200
    FFGMPD
    INZ000-ILZ000-040400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0075
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    558 PM EDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Areas affected...North Central IL...Western IN

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 032200Z - 040400Z

    SUMMARY...Thunderstorms forming along and north of a warm front
    will be capable of producing up to 2"/hr rainfall rates. With
    prolonged, moist southwesterly flow expected to intersect the
    front for several hours, flash flooding is likely through early
    evening.

    DISCUSSION...Doppler Radar shows scattered thunderstorms having
    formed along a warm front that extends from the strengthening area
    of low pressure in northwest MO eastward into northern OH.
    Low-level southwesterly flow is providing healthy theta-e and
    moisture advection while MLCAPE along and just south of the warm
    front is >2,000 J/kg. PWs are forecast to surpass 1.5" this
    evening, which is above the 99th climatological percentile for
    early-mid April. Meanwhile, sheared shortwave energy racing north
    from the South Central U.S. will provide additional synoptic scale
    lift aloft later this evening. Vertical wind profiles will favor
    supercells with >40 kts of effective bulk shear and up to 200
    m2/s2 of SRH. As storm form along the front, persistent inflow
    into the warm front as it slowly moves north gives rise to
    back-building and training storms, increasing concerns for longer
    residency times for these storms.

    Latest 18Z HREF shows moderate chances (40-60%) for rainfall
    totals >2" in north-central IL. This is supported by the 21Z WoFS
    using cumulative >2" paint balls through 03Z. There are several
    CAMs members (RRFS, NSSL-MPAS, 20Z HRRR) that shows this cluster
    of storms having the potential to produce localized rainfall
    amounts >4" through this evening. 1-hr FFGs are generally below
    1.5" for the majority of the at-risk region, and even 3-hr FFGs
    are <2" (less than 1.5" on the southern periphery of the
    Chicagoland area). The southern tier of Chicagoland could contend
    with excessive rainfall this evening as elevated instability moves
    northward and the storms lift northward with the warm front.

    With concerns for training and back-building storms in an
    atmospheric environment suitable to generate up to 2"/hr rainfall
    rates, cases of flash flooding are likely in parts of central and
    northern IL, and potentially in western IN this evening. Should
    those >4" amounts on various CAMs come to fruition, locally
    significant flash flooding could unfold. Poor drainage areas and
    urbanized communities are most vulnerable to flash flooding this
    evening.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9Zqm5EQ8QJ4eq_dcSvuMqxde5ctbOiPbRtt4oF45VVxHWWHl6sfIkyj0o4kWhAQPiZLT= Tld5yLbJaYh2F-PYKE5BD7o$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DVN...ILX...IND...IWX...LOT...LSX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41768809 41418739 40948612 40618601 40098627=20
    40018747 39918909 39659073 39979130 40539086=20
    40919006 41388917=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 4 01:31:52 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 040131
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-INZ000-040729-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0077
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    930 PM EDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Areas affected...Eastern IN...Northern OH

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 040129Z - 040729Z

    SUMMARY...Additional training thunderstorms producing hourly
    rainfall rates up to 1.5"/hr remain possible through the overnight
    hours.

    DISCUSSION...Thunderstorms located along and just south of a warm
    front are also forming along a narrow outflow boundary to the
    south. Storms in northern OH have produced over 2" of rainfall in
    some spots per MRMS QPE and one LSR southwest of Canton reporting
    2 feet of water over a road. Rounds upon rounds of storms are
    likely to continue from eastern IN and northern OH to as far east
    as the WV Panhandle and southeast PA this evening. RAP
    mesoanalysis continues to show at least 1,000 J/kg of MUCAPE
    available, effective bulk shear up to 30 kts, and anomalous PWs
    between 1.25-1.5" at these storms disposal.

    1-hr FFGs have decreased to as low as 1" in parts of northern OH
    with all areas effectively below 1.5" thanks to this afternoon's
    thunderstorm activity. 00Z HRRR continues to suggest the
    persistent westerly 850-300mb mean layer winds aloft and low-level
    winds supplying rich theta-e into the front will create a steady
    diet of storms through the rest of the evening. 00Z HRRR 6-hr QPF
    shows an additional 1-2" of rainfall are possible with localized
    amounts over 3" possible between now and 08Z tonight. Given the
    current state of ongoing flash flooding in the area, and more
    excessive rainfall to come, additional flash flooding is likely.
    Locally significant flash flooding is possible where another 1-2"
    of rainfall occurs in areas that are already dealing with flash
    flooding. Note that flooded roadways will be more difficult for
    motorists to identify with the sun having now set. Motorists
    should exercise caution if they must be on the roads tonight.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-QCHH8OMPmGnSUAQ6cvwhTQNlISQOO_u7xsNTki7vtduQ6Yfb8xqYks-ICD21qvewlZx= D--TDlxavanM4ZMdv7ipPA4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...ILN...IWX...PBZ...

    ATTN...RFC...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41218275 40998150 40778103 40268116 40118298=20
    40358467 40628531 40898531 41188402=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 4 02:59:53 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 040259
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-040857-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0078
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1058 PM EDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Areas affected...portions of Oklahoma and north Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 040257Z - 040857Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential will continue for the next few
    hours along the Red River Valley, north Texas, and central/eastern
    Oklahoma.

    Discussion...Recent radar depicts an expanding convective complex
    over central Oklahoma, with embedded supercellular structures near
    Shawnee, OK. This complex has recently produced 1-2 inch rainfall
    totals over Oklahoma City metro over the past hour, with moderate
    to high MRMS Flash responses suggesting likely urban flash
    flooding in the area. The complex was moving eastward at an
    appreciable pace (around 30 knots) toward
    less-sensitive/less-urban ground conditions, which may result in
    flash flood potential becoming more isolated with time. However,
    increasing low-level flow over eastern Oklahoma was contributing
    to an increase in deep convection ahead of this complex, with
    mergers likely to support continued 1-2 inch/hr rates at times for
    at least the next couple of hours along and south of the I-40
    corridor. Some training on the southwestern flank of this complex
    could also spread flash flood potential into the Ada, OK vicinity
    over the next 1-3 hours as well.

    Convection was also developing upstream along a southward-moving
    front through southwest Oklahoma and the Childress, TX area. The
    speed of the front should limit the degree of repeating/training
    convection here, and rainfall should occur over areas that have
    been relatively dry. Isolated flash flooding is possible in low
    spots where repeating can bump hourly totals above the 1-1.5 inch
    range.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8RR8Dwgx8Nc6M0A0rRRc7lEvTSp3Pc66kG1RjhwnissW-lHQcxBIxMjkCg_OVqBeydr1= NmrwFennnqw1AwUhDLDp2w8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AMA...FWD...LUB...OUN...SHV...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36359490 35139451 33999530 32909765 33140060=20
    33670158 34770059 35119820 35499746 36219682=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 4 04:17:20 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 040417
    FFGMPD
    INZ000-ILZ000-040715-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0079
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1216 AM EDT Sat Apr 04 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern Illinois, northwestern Indiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 040415Z - 040715Z

    Summary...Training convection could persist for another couple
    hours into southern suburbs of Chicago Metro.

    Discussion...A persistent, SW-NE oriented band of convection has
    trained along an axis very near I-55 between Joliet and Pontiac
    over the past couple hours. The convection is becoming
    progressively more elevated with time, but is persistent within a warm-advection regime located just above a stable boundary layer,
    with ~1000 J/kg MUCAPE (per SPC mesoanalyses) supporting strong
    updrafts. The orientation of the convection was supporting
    prolonged rainfall, leading to rates in the 1-2 inch/hr range
    (1-2X higher than estimated FFG in the region). Downstream
    instability profiles are supportive of this band of convection
    reaching southern sides of Chicago Metro and far northwestern
    Indiana over the next couple hours, resulting in at least isolated
    flash flood potential. Outside of this band, deepening showers
    were noted across a broader portion of northern and central
    Illinois that may repeat over some of the same areas in line for
    heavy rain from the aforementioned band, but degree of
    training/high-rain rates is uncertain.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5oGpcz_H95CrQ9P7DD1e772UzfPY8quem7gDqTHIPQBUNM21ddfJCYfx4tetiuCdKC1o= 5UVg3ubnlawvUTe_1gpyKOc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...IWX...LOT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41888715 41528688 40948779 40988829 41278872=20
    41738828=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 4 04:20:23 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 040420
    FFGMPD
    INZ000-ILZ000-040715-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0079
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1219 AM EDT Sat Apr 04 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern Illinois, northwestern Indiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 040415Z - 040715Z

    Summary...Training convection could persist for another couple
    hours into southern suburbs of Chicago Metro.

    Discussion...A persistent, SW-NE oriented band of convection has
    trained along an axis very near I-55 between Joliet and Pontiac
    over the past couple hours. The convection is becoming
    progressively more elevated with time, but is persistent within a warm-advection regime located just above a stable boundary layer,
    with ~1000 J/kg MUCAPE (per SPC mesoanalyses) supporting strong
    updrafts. The orientation of the convection was supporting
    prolonged rainfall, leading to rates in the 1-2 inch/hr range
    (1-2X higher than estimated FFG in the region). Downstream
    instability profiles are supportive of this band of convection
    reaching southern sides of Chicago Metro and far northwestern
    Indiana over the next couple hours, resulting in at least isolated
    flash flood potential. Outside of this band, deepening showers
    were noted across a broader portion of northern and central
    Illinois that may repeat over some of the same areas in line for
    heavy rain from the aforementioned band, but degree of
    training/high-rain rates is uncertain.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!95o1G44xhRAXek0_2DYk6pSIAZkkVhqDAI9oXcEzGf0JY7r_gN5CB_WeznGwL5J4COD_= ZWGH3d-nvcGE_myqltzA_K4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...IWX...LOT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41888715 41528688 40948779 40988829 41278872=20
    41738828=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 4 19:03:02 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 041902
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-050101-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0080
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    301 PM EDT Sat Apr 04 2026

    Areas affected...Eastern TX...North-Central LA...Southern
    AR...Western MS

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 041901Z - 050101Z

    Summary...Heavy showers and thunderstorms will continue to
    increase in coverage across much of the ArkLaTex and ArkLaMiss
    regions through the remainder of the afternoon and into the
    evening hours. Areas with persistent training cells could get 1
    inch/30 minute rainfall rates, which could result in a few
    instances of flooding.

    Discussion...Regional Doppler radars and visible satellite imagery
    are indicating a steady increase in convection developing along
    and ahead of a strong cold front. Multiple broken line segments of
    pre-frontal storms have developed well ahead of the main line
    across much of central and northern Louisiana, and also across the
    northwestern half of Mississippi. These storms are starting to
    convectively train, leading to enhanced rainfall rates of 1-2
    inches per hour, and in some instances an inch in under 30 minutes
    where cell mergers happen. This will moisten the soils before the
    main line of convection approaches with the front later this
    afternoon and evening.

    Recent runs of the RRFS and HRRR are indicating the potential for
    scattered QPF maxima on the order of 2-4 inches through 00Z, with
    much of this likely occurring within a 2-3 hour time period for
    any given location. Although recent dry conditions across much of
    the region is a mitigating factor, the higher rainfall rates may
    be enough to result in a few instances of flooding, with a greater
    potential for this across urban locations.

    Hamrick

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6TJ5Yo_BSMsrzRQZKvYUNRSR_uJFpYLZ3vmsP37NhCSEIVqSUE_Ps1NeodLAbn1FmHOR= 1J2GOMXYqyotTJXZK116pzA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...JAN...LCH...LIX...LZK...MEG...
    SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34009043 33878966 33038933 31229040 30609073=20
    30419127 30769249 30769317 30659377 30399455=20
    30019552 29779623 29599690 29809730 30049737=20
    30439708 30819659 31309628 31709580 31949548=20
    32179511 32539463 32809414 33029372 33239315=20
    33349270 33429238 33569207 33669169 33859109=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 5 01:27:07 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 050127
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-050500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0081
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    925 PM EDT Sat Apr 04 2026

    Areas affected...Southern LA and South-Central MS

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 050125Z - 050500Z

    Summary...Numerous showers and thunderstorms will continue across
    much of southern Louisiana into southern Mississippi through the
    remainder of the evening hours, including extreme southeast Texas.
    Areas with persistent training cells could get 1 inch/30 minute
    rainfall rates, which could result in a few instances of flooding
    through midnight.

    Discussion...Regional Doppler radars and visible satellite imagery
    are indicating widespread convection along and ahead of an
    approaching cold front. There are several multi-cell clusters that
    have developed ahead of the main swath of convection associated
    with the cold front, and these are aligned in the general low
    level SSW winds and have been training over the past few hours.
    Many locations across central Louisiana and central Mississippi
    have already picked up 1-2 inches of rain over the past 6 hours,
    and locally higher, therefore making the soils more saturated and
    susceptible to potential flooding issues.

    Recent runs of the RRFS and HRRR are indicating the potential for
    scattered QPF maxima on the order of 1-3 inches through 5Z, with
    much of this likely occurring within a 2-3 hour time period for
    any given location. This activity should generally diminish in
    intensity going into the overnight hours as instability decreases.

    Hamrick

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4n9bWHs3DcmJI-CImz_pLZablPamVMzuhPYprk6cRUQCVqx1EJYLMgrvMwg8I9H8V1ET= 1swjHN2IRCxAozGJzLikTOE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32978902 32908865 32708847 32308846 31608863=20
    30838893 30148940 29799008 29729157 29749267=20
    29929312 29999321 29999321 30389328 30679311=20
    31149258 31689172 32199099 32609030 32918956=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 5 02:09:38 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 050209
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-050508-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0082
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1008 PM EDT Sat Apr 04 2026

    Areas affected...Deep South Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 050208Z - 050508Z

    Summary...A cluster of deep convection should eventually spread
    1-2.5 inch/hr rain rates into McAllen, TX and vicinity through
    04-05Z.

    Discussion...Deep convection has become increasingly organized
    across primary rural areas of Deep South Texas over the area. The
    storms are focused along an inverted surface trough extending into
    the area from northeastern Mexico, with light southeasterly
    low-level flow maintaining a surface airmass characterized by 80s
    F surface temps/70s F dewpoints into that axis. Storms were
    becoming more organized and developing cold pools/weak
    supercellular structures, which isn't surprising given directional
    shear through the troposphere. Southward propagation of this
    cluster should spread areas of 1-2.5 inch/hr rain rates into the
    McAllen, Texas area and vicinity, where urbanized surfaces may
    pose a risk of flash flooding as the cells move through.

    The overall synoptic scenario supporting heavy rainfall should
    change little through 05Z or so as the weak inverted trough
    persists and weak mid-level waves traverse the area. The
    longevity of convection along the Rio Grande is a bit uncertain
    and highly dependent on the local evolution of convection in that
    area, which should be relatively slow given weak wind fields aloft.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6-PGiJtHrnrSTk1OIvgeZk0r5sWUOI26gjZ65SduasNkLAfkKNnkwDeGtAD4f9eftZcj= WdMnKW9T-MaPgYhBOS0pi_Q$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BRO...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 26999850 26729741 25969739 26229887 26599905=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 6 21:08:16 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 062108
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-070200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0083
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    506 PM EDT Mon Apr 06 2026

    Areas affected...Central Florida

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 062105Z - 070200Z

    Summary...Slow moving thunderstorms are expected to increase in
    coverage through the early evening hours across central Florida
    near an approaching cold front. High rainfall rates up to 2
    inches/30 minutes may lead to some instances of flash flooding.

    Discussion...Regional Doppler radars and GOES-E satellite imagery
    are indicating a steady increase in slow moving thunderstorms
    across inland portions of the central Florida Peninsula late this
    afternoon. Several multi-cell clusters have been exhibiting signs
    of back-building over the past 1-2 hours, and these are producing
    outflow boundaries that will converge to generate additional slow
    moving convection that may be heavier that what is currently
    happening now. The environment is favorable for storms with high
    rainfall rates given mixed layer CAPE on the order of 1000-1500
    J/kg, PWs near 1.7 inches, and 20-30 knots of effective bulk shear
    per the latest SPC mesoanalysis.

    Recent CAM guidance through 2Z is portraying the potential for
    scattered QPF maxima on the order of 3-5 inches with the most
    persistent convection, and much of this is likely to fall within a
    two hour time period for any given location. HREF neighborhood
    exceedance probabilities of 3-hourly flash flood guidance are up
    to roughly 30% between Orlando and Fort Myers, and there are some
    low-end probabilities of 6-hour QPF reaching 100-year ARI for some
    of these areas. Although this area is in a drought, the high
    sub-hourly rainfall rates could be enough to overcome this
    limitation and result in some instances of flash flooding through
    10 pm local time.

    Hamrick

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_BCj-gL5y9Bht0KzO_qMa0emd3AmRjhExfsZOqRQ83_UtP26mbOpcV8kNYOWVCsm1DKi= ZcoPmWSl9HSE7FJnwRjG05M$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...MFL...MLB...TBW...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 28858171 28788116 28518087 28058066 27598059=20
    27328077 27158090 26968105 26688088 26268101=20
    26218148 26438174 27118228 27568238 28028244=20
    28358242 28568237 28788213=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 8 18:26:51 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 081826
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-090025-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0084
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    225 PM EDT Wed Apr 08 2026

    Areas affected...Treasure and Gold Coast of Florida

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 081825Z - 090025Z

    SUMMARY...Scattered showers and thunderstorms with a history of
    rainfall rates over 2 inches/hour are impacting portions of the
    Treasure and Gold Coast of Florida, with increasing concerns for
    impacts over sensitive urban areas. Flash flooding is possible
    where the cells are the most persistent through the afternoon and
    early evening.

    DISCUSSION...Persistently moist and relatively unstable low-level
    easterly flow continues to focus areas of showers and some
    occasional thunderstorms into the Atlantic Coast of Florida. Much
    of the activity is aligned with the low-level steering flow and
    has been focusing near the offshore Gulf Stream with extensions
    westward into areas mainly south of Melbourne and especially areas
    just north of Stuart where convection is more concentrated. More
    scattered activity is situated farther south down the coast into
    the I-95 urban corridor of southeast Florida.

    Despite the relatively scattered nature of the coverage, with
    southwesterly flow aloft (as opposed to easterly flow in the lower
    levels), the extreme directional shear present across Florida is
    making an environment favorable for slow-moving and training
    storms. Daytime heating is also allowing for instability to
    increase, currently ranging from 2,000 J/kg near Miami to near
    1,500 J/kg near Melbourne based on SPC Mesoanalysis. Atmospheric
    moisture also ranges from 1.7" PWAT near Miami to 1.4" near
    Melbourne. Thus, the greatest threat for the heaviest rains are
    further south down I-95.

    Multiple days of rainfall across all of southern Florida this past
    week has sufficiently saturated the soils. Thus, expect much of
    any heavy rainfall today to favor increased runoff. Ultimately any
    impacts and the magnitudes thereof will be dependent on where any
    training cells develop relative to how urban the ground underneath
    the cells is. With rates in the strongest cells later this
    afternoon expected to potentially reach 3 inches/hour, localized
    totals to 6 inches can't be ruled out. This in turn would result
    in localized flooding. Regardless, expect that the storms that
    will be capable of flash flooding to remain isolated to widely
    scattered.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7reFGpJjrW38AH1Upf3utPD1RP59anTYXGOCvwwonvVJOkizU1tqghWCW4TM6SECp_jb= F2MXRT9fT1GHYMWwAo3DhII$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...MFL...MLB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 28028067 27988037 26947997 25957994 25598022=20
    25498051 25708057 26008045 26288039 26648033=20
    26938037 27298050 27528056 27828068=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 9 10:26:04 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 091025
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-091500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0085
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    624 AM EDT Thu Apr 09 2026

    Areas affected...east-central FL Peninsula

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 091017Z - 091500Z

    Summary...Slow moving showers with possible embedded thunderstorms
    are expected to focus isolated areas of heavy rain along the Space
    and Treasure coasts through late morning. Localized hourly
    rainfall of 2+ inches will be possible with storm totals of 2 to
    4+ inches through 15Z, which may result in isolated flash flooding.

    Discussion...Regional radar imagery at 10Z showed scattered
    showers between southern Brevard County and southern St. Lucie
    County. 10.3 micron satellite imagery indicated cloud tops over
    land were relatively warm at -20 to -35 C, with an estimated cloud
    depth of 9 km AGL based on RAP analysis soundings over the region.
    Easterly winds of 20-30 kt in the 925-850 mb layer were oriented
    perpendicular to the coast while mid-upper level flow was from the
    west at a similar magnitude. This has set up favorable effective
    shear profiles for organized cells although 0-8 km AGL mean layer
    winds were about 5 kt or less, resulting in slow cell movement. In
    addition, the alignment of showers with the low level wind has
    also resulted in slow movement of heavy rain cores at times with
    recent development near Vero Beach showing signs of a weak MCV
    over eastern Indian River County. MRMS-derived and KVRB hourly
    rainfall of 2-2.5 inches has been observed with nearly 2 inches of
    rain in 32 minutes at KVRB ending 0940Z. Speed and weak
    directional convergence near the surface was allowing for the
    formation of quasi-transient bands of heavy rain within an
    expanding pocket of MLCAPE between 500-1000 J/kg (06Z-10Z SPC
    mesoanalyses) over the east coast of FL.

    While the future existence of the weak meso-vortex near Vero Beach
    is unknown, convergence in the surface to near-surface layer is
    expected to continue a threat for slow moving showers with
    embedded thunderstorms from Brevard County down to St. Lucie
    County over the next 3-5 hours. However, the concentration of
    heavy rain is expected to remain limited in spatial extent through
    the morning hours. Any areas of flash flooding that develop are
    likely to focus across urban and other areas of poor draining,
    remaining localized in coverage.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9mIL8BFa2gasaYWoyUi5qRG3Of1RRU_n9PRYp394FRPLoJ3dKXYY6S7SbSiGb2zS-sgD= TGJYn7ZaxolHVDjniKRixg4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...MLB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 28608054 27788010 27008004 26998066 27908111=20
    28528112=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 10 01:34:19 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100134
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-100730-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0086
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    932 PM EDT Thu Apr 09 2026

    Areas affected...Northeast KS...West-Central MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100133Z - 100730Z

    SUMMARY...Upscale growth of organizing supercellular convection
    into a multi-cell cluster/MCS will promote a localized and
    primarily urban flash flood threat going into the overnight hours.

    DISCUSSION...The latest radar and GOES-E IR satellite imagery
    depict a cluster of supercells along a slow-moving cold front near
    the KS/NE border. These storms are undergoing upscale growth, with
    supporting factors including fairly strong effective bulk shear of
    to 40 to 50 kts and MLCAPE of 1000 to 1500+ J/kg. Over the last
    hour, this has favored an expansion of deep, cold convective tops
    and intense updrafts.

    As the 850 mb low-level jet veers and intensifies to over 40 kts
    over the next several hours, low-level convergence will sharpen
    along the western and southern flanks of the convective mass. With
    storm motions of 15 to 25 kts generally parallel to the mean flow
    and the boundary, periods of cell-training and cell-mergers are
    expected. This will compensate for modest PWs of about 1.25 inches
    and drive potential for high rainfall rates that may reach 1.5 to
    2.5 inches/hour within the strongest cores and where any
    cell-mergers occur.

    While NASA SPoRT 0 to 10 cm soil moisture indicates significant
    infiltration capacity in rural northeast KS, the 18Z HREF PMM and
    neighborhood probabilities suggest localized 2 to 4 inch totals
    are likely. These totals will approach and may locally exceed FFG
    values and especially within the more sensitive urban corridors.
    Areas downstream including Topeka, Kansas City and St. Joseph may
    eventually see this activity later in the night. As such, the
    concern over the next several hours, aside from well-defined
    severe hazards with large hail, will be a localized and mainly
    urban flash flood threat.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_V7P-J8QajZr8lmjAAmMYppb9LFmhtmko5uyNfAQNigk4X-nlxLjoH4L5j2wU9TvIs0M= nU_APk1NO-Lbst4Tpg4ANoA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...GID...ICT...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40059625 39869477 39589418 38989419 38569493=20
    38389618 38599761 38989810 39639790=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 10 19:01:38 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 101901
    FFGMPD
    OKZ000-110100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0087
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    300 PM EDT Fri Apr 10 2026

    Areas affected...North-Central to Northeast OK

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 101900Z - 110100Z

    SUMMARY...Locally training areas of heavy showers and
    thunderstorms will pose a threat for some urban flash flooding
    going through early this evening.

    DISCUSSION...Cooling convective tops are seen in GOES-E IR
    satellite imagery becoming aligned in a general west to east
    fashion across portions of north-central to northeast OK in close
    proximity to a quasi-stationary front. Heavy showers and
    thunderstorms are becoming a bit more concentrated with this
    activity, and the latest radar trends suggest slow cell-motions
    and some increasing cell-training concerns.

    The activity is being facilitated by moist and unstable low-level
    southwest flow into the boundary with MLCAPE values of as much as
    1500 to 2000 J/kg and PWs of 1.2 to 1.4 inches across the region.
    Despite relatively modest kinematic wind fields, there is an axis
    of moderate moisture convergence in vicinity of the front, and
    this coupled with increasing differential heating/instability near
    the axis of convection should tend to sustain the convective
    threat over the next few hours.

    Generally the antecedent conditions are quite dry, with low soil
    moisture content, but the rainfall rates with some of the ongoing
    activity is already locally near 1.5 inches/hour. This coupled
    with the slow cell-motions may favor some short-term totals of 2
    to 4+ inches going through early this evening.

    An isolated and mainly urban threat of flash flooding will exist
    over the next few hours as a result, and this will include areas
    from near Stillwater to Tulsa and along with adjacent communities.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7OMNe7bjzHGDuwRqcrOJ2shcTqUhlC8m8hS1dASOvDqJHGktya8xtEnuVl08ZovWkQ9-= eoQLKiJCVgHcmzqf1PHbDHk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OUN...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36599485 36349471 35939536 35829684 35999767=20
    36369765 36489701 36469622=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 10 21:42:55 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 102142
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-110200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0088
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    541 PM EDT Fri Apr 10 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast Texas including the Houston
    Metropolitan area

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 102141Z - 110200Z

    SUMMARY...Slow-moving, outflow-driven thunderstorms interacting
    over highly urbanized areas will be capable of producing localized
    rainfall rates of 2+ inches/hour. Isolated totals of 3 to 4 inches
    may rapidly overwhelm municipal drainage, making localized flash
    flooding possible.

    DISCUSSION...Recent radar and satellite trends depict scattered,
    slow-moving clusters of thunderstorms developing across southeast
    Texas. The thermodynamic environment is characterized by a moist,
    weakly convergent low-level flow off the Gulf of America, with
    PWATs near 1.75 inches and MLCAPE values around 1500 J/kg. While
    deep-layer shear remains weak (effective bulk shear 20-30 kts),
    weak upper-level divergence is supplying modest deep-layer ascent,
    aiding in some maintenance of robust, high-efficiency updrafts.

    Given the weak steering flow, the convective mode is primarily
    pulse-type and outflow-dominant. The immediate flash flood threat
    will be driven by mesoscale boundary interactions. Regional radar
    currently shows multiple outflow boundaries in play?most notably
    one positioned southwest of the Houston metro and another near
    IAH. As these boundaries interact over the next few hours,
    mechanical lift may force rapid, near-stationary convective
    development and upscale growth directly over more sensitive urban
    locations.

    Rainfall rates have already approached 2 inches/hour with the
    strongest cells. High-resolution guidance, particularly the HRRR
    which has initialized the current convective evolution well,
    suggests these boundary collisions will support isolated
    additional rainfall totals of 3 to 4 inches through early this
    evening. Furthermore, the 12Z HREF highlights 10-30% probabilities
    for 3-hour FFG exceedance this over the next several hours. Given
    the high impervious surface coverage across the Houston metro,
    these rates and accumulations may overwhelm local drainage systems
    and bayous, leading to isolated areas of rapid-onset urban flash
    flooding.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8UfP-FaEBTsYZq-U1BJISNdMdxS4kIjqF_7XutdEJFcVHfKrrsDx-b0npcVgfvZAwJZw= 5TdXzeXil7_qMLwkC4AGQLA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31059623 30659519 30319469 29999457 29479462=20
    28919531 28909635 29599753 30359774 30939727=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 11 05:15:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110515
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-IAZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-111000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0089
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    114 AM EDT Sat Apr 11 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern KS into southern/southeastern NE and
    the MO Valley

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110507Z - 111000Z

    SUMMARY...Localized flash flooding will be possible from portions
    of northeastern KS into southern/southeastern NE and the MO Valley
    through 10Z. Brief training of thunderstorms will be capable of
    1-2 in/hr rain rates.

    DISCUSSION...Showers and thunderstorms were increasing in coverage
    across north-central KS into far southern NE as seen on area radar
    imagery through 05Z. The cells were elevated, displaced well north
    of a west-east oriented quasi-stationary front in OK, within an
    airmass containing 500-1000 J/kg MUCAPE per 05Z SPC mesoanalysis
    data. Since 00Z, Southerly 850 mb winds have been strengthening
    with 30-40 kt in place at 05Z per VAD wind data from northern OK
    into southern NE. PWAT values were estimated to be between 1.0 and
    1.3 inches across the central Plains with continued moisture
    advection likely to increase PWAT values into the MO River Valley
    through the night.

    Some additional strengthening of the 850 mb flow into the 40-45 kt
    range across KS is expected over the next 3-4 hours and the
    approach of a weak shortwave impulse over southwestern KS should
    continue an increasing trend in the coverage of elevated
    showers/thunderstorms from northeastern KS into
    southern/southeastern NE over the next few hours. As 850 mb winds
    increase overnight, some veering of the low level flow is also
    expected, bringing the low level wind orientation closer to the
    mean steering flow from the SW. Given the moisture, instability
    and forecast winds, some instances of training are likely to
    result in hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches. These higher rates
    should remain limited in coverage but flash flood guidance is at
    or below 2 inches in 3 hours for much of the region, due in part
    to locally heavy rainfall over the past 36 hours. Therefore,
    localized flash flooding may result overnight with 1 to 3+ inch
    total rainfall possible.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!48qr4XsdiFtClShi6w-ZrnC2lWuijYOSz66OvZpJ5YDM_U5fNmZMtF-REmLIPl0U20QT= 1Yeb5phRPebNuvpJ0GHXGlw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...GID...ICT...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41329712 41299612 41169573 40809531 40499501=20
    40259485 39909472 39469469 39099484 38789510=20
    38589566 38619653 39009760 39669878 40339891=20
    40899846=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 11 09:55:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110955
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-IAZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-111330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0090
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    554 AM EDT Sat Apr 11 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern KS/southeastern NE into southwestern IA/northwestern MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110953Z - 111330Z

    SUMMARY...A localized flash flood threat will linger for another
    few hours from northeastern KS/southeastern NE into southwestern IA/northwestern MO. The primary concern will be from
    repeating/training of thunderstorms which will be capable of 1 to
    2+ in/hr rain rates.

    DISCUSSION...A NW to SE axis of thunderstorms was observed on
    radar imagery at 0930Z from the KS/NE border near Superior, NE to
    near Westmoreland in northeastern KS. The slow moving axis has
    been associated with MRMS-derived hourly rainfall of 1 to 2+
    inches over the past couple of hours but the axis of thunderstorms
    appears to be slowly shifting northeast. 850 mb winds of 3o to 40+
    kt continued to overrun a warm front slowly lifting north from
    central OK with an axis of elevated convergence helping to focus
    the cluster of heavy rain beneath a ridge axis aloft locally
    aiding diffluent flow in the upper levels. A subtle shortwave was
    also observed on water vapor imagery earlier in the night and is
    likely approaching central KS with forecast movement toward the
    northeast, around the ridge, helping to support lift.

    850 mb wind speed magnitudes have likely peaked and recent RAP
    forecasts showed gradual weakening through 15Z following the
    diurnal cycle. However, ~25 to 35 kt of SSW 850 mb winds over
    eastern KS will continue to overrun the surface boundary to the
    south and the weak shortwave impulse approaching central KS from
    the southwest will continue to provide ascent from northeastern KS
    into the MO River Valley. Instability will be a limiting factor as
    current values of MUCAPE between 500-1000 J/kg are forecast to
    lower as moisture advection shifts the instability eastward across
    the MO River.

    The axis of heavy rain will likely translate eastward over the
    next few hours with continued periods of training/repeating cells
    with 1 to 2+ in/hr rainfall rates. This will continue to pose a
    localized threat for flash flooding from northeastern
    KS/southeastern NE into northwestern MO and possibly southwestern
    IA. Additional rainfall of 1 to 3 inches is expected through 14Z
    with locally higher flash flood potential where overlap occurs
    with wet antecedent conditions over northeastern KS due to locally
    heavy rain over the past 36 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8QQxASh5-vvLIyl0bOPmA5lpyQV8ph24pEYcquvTGWv9coFrhCZ5EnwIYxnrAS6KQ6_k= hg_4xliiOI76F61lkLRs1XE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DMX...EAX...GID...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41019522 40889393 40389350 39719368 39169441=20
    39049551 39189654 39689754 40029835 40609801=20
    40819704=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 11 13:38:02 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 111337
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-111636-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0091
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    936 AM EDT Sat Apr 11 2026

    Areas affected...Northeastern Kansas...Northwest Missouri

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 111336Z - 111636Z

    Summary...Training of thunderstorms containing 1-2"/hr rainfall
    rates will maintain the threat of localized flash flooding for
    another few hours, primarily over portions of northeastern Kansas.

    Discussion...Regional radar this morning continues to track a west
    to east axis of training thunderstorms within a slow moving MCS
    near the Kansas-Nebraska border. Recent MRMS estimated hourly
    rainfall rates have eclipsed 2"/hr at times in the heaviest cells
    at times. When combined with the slow net movement of the complex
    (Corfidi Vectors are around 10-15 kts), 4-5" of rainfall led to at
    least three reports of flash flood impacts in northern Kansas this
    morning.

    As highlighted earlier, the activity remains tied to a 35-40kt
    low-level jet which is bisecting a west-east oriented cold pool
    and synoptic front amid locally diffluent flow aloft. Radar
    imagery also suggests the presence of a weak MCV embedded in the
    complex which could locally enhance ascent in the area. Over the
    next few hours, the RAP suggests 30-35 kts of 850 mb inflow
    bisecting the west-east boundary could maintain the complex for a
    few more hours, even with modest instability in place (~500 J/kg
    MUCAPE). Much of the overnight CAM guidance has struggled with the
    placement and intensity of this complex. However, the ARW seems to
    have a better handle on the current activity and suggests the
    training axis could persist for the next few hours. As such, the
    threat of localized flash flooding will persist this morning, with
    an additional 1-2" of rain possible.

    Asherman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7JDOHnwHVyoR9jvHIv4Dnizxwzt84oyH6DeI-4eZAhUKsKh7HBFJN6Ci6MbF7c57gFaW= ya8_oxZmjL-r0Fiq-jZ10xE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40259601 40219520 40019439 39599433 39489490=20
    39379618 39389653 39449696 39759714 39979690=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 11 20:28:47 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 112028
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-120226-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0092
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    427 PM EDT Sat Apr 11 2026

    Areas affected...portions of western TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 112026Z - 120226Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms are increasing in coverage and
    intensity. Hourly rain amounts up to 2.5" with local totals to 4"
    are possible into this evening, which could lead to widely
    scattered flash flooding.

    Discussion...A region of 850 hPa confluence is slowly moving
    across western TX. Convection across the TX Big Bend is sending
    out an outflow boundary to the east. Precipitable water values
    are ~1.25". An incoming shortwave is moving across northwest
    Mexico, enhancing difluence aloft and increasing the effective
    bulk shear to 25-45 kts. ML CAPE is 500-2000 J/kg, and rising.

    With time, the area of 850 hPa confluence edges eastward across
    portions of the TX Big Bend, Trans Pecos, and northwest TX. The
    GFS-based Galvez-Davison Index implies that increasing convective
    coverage and intensity should maximize in the 00z-03z time frame.=20
    The shifting of the low-level confluence axis should keep amounts
    from becoming particularly extreme. The available ingredients
    suggest that hourly rain amounts up to 2.5" with local totals to
    4" would be possible in this environment. Since Flash Flood
    Guidance is modest, widely scattered flash flooding impacts are
    considered possible. Urban areas and locations with minimal top
    soil in western portions of South-Central TX would be most
    sensitive to these rainfall rates/amounts.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6S6CodPXk1xunr7JwSe-qfaJRSzvcJUN_gfh9rSEMdEsInWsF0bToaBGQrG4Q__GFerO= bHIbaYGzFZOD7tsUELiUuZM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...LUB...MAF...OUN...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34550074 34309932 33279892 32129929 31020003=20
    29800112 29510153 29590244 29080278 28910311=20
    29070379 29560431 31090307 33270244=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 02:57:57 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 120257
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-120715-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0093
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1056 PM EDT Sat Apr 11 2026

    Areas affected...portions of the middle Rio Grande Valley into the
    Edwards Plateau

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 120252Z - 120715Z

    Summary...Training of thunderstorms is likely to produce areas of
    flash flooding from portions of the middle Rio Grande Valley into
    the Edwards Plateau over the next 4-5 hours. Peak hourly rainfall
    could exceed 2 or 3 inches at times.

    Discussion...Regional radar imagery at 0230Z showed a broken line
    of strong convection extending from near SJT to the Rio Grande,
    roughly halfway between 6R6 and DRT. This line has been
    propagating slowly toward the east but northern portions of the
    line have been quicker to translate east compared to southern
    portions. MRMS-derived hourly rainfall briefly exceeded 2 inches
    along the Rio Grande in Val Verde County within the past hour due
    to training as the NNE to SSW line orientation aligns with the
    mean steering flow.

    Large scale ascent ahead of an upper trough axis tracking across
    AZ/NM and northwestern Mexico will continue over central TX
    overnight and 500-1500 J/kg MLCAPE is forecast to remain in place
    (higher values to the south) which should help to fuel intense
    cores of heavy rain. A strengthening low level jet with speeds of
    30-40 kt, oriented parallel to the Rio Grande, will act to
    transport moisture into the ongoing complex with the slowest
    movement of the convective line likely to remain near the Rio
    Grande, though brief hangups farther north will continue to remain
    possible, supportive of SSW to NNE training. The moisture rich
    environment with PWs of 1.5 to 1.7 inches and increasingly
    divergent/diffluent flow ahead of the upper trough will aid lift
    and allow hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches, but locally exceeding
    2 or perhaps 3 inches at times. While the best potential for the
    highest rain rates will remain toward the south, these higher
    rates may overlap with portions of the Edwards Plateau which
    contain greater sensitivity to flash flooding.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8TCPlAIuJOCoKdzncLt3D4dOp7-uC7Z02-DnORb5M7WF4hNu72dCxZYm4zIwjG3KZecP= Ar1IoDWt7NLkNFlA8tY8-OM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31779963 31379895 30349869 29649894 28929998=20
    28780081 29060090 29510140 29640177 30060169=20
    31190070=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 04:21:06 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 120421
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-120920-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0094
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1220 AM EDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Areas affected...north-central TX into south-central OK

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 120419Z - 120920Z

    SUMMARY...Widely scattered to scattered instances of flash
    flooding will be possible from north-central TX into south-central
    OK through 09Z. Hourly rainfall of 1-2 inches (locally higher)
    will be possible with 2 to 4 inches in 2-3 hours.

    DISCUSSION...04Z radar imagery showed the northern portion of a
    convective line moving into the Edwards Plateau was getting
    slightly better organized over the past hour as it moved eastward
    across I-20. Instability was on the weak side with 500-1000 J/kg
    MLCAPE estimated via SPC mesoanalysis data and the 00Z FWD
    sounding, along with PWs near 1.5 inches near and south of the Red
    River. Water vapor imagery showed a couple of weaker vorticity
    maxima over western TX, ahead of the main upper level shortwave
    trough axis across northwestern Mexico which will continue to
    provide ascent into the weakly unstable airmass downstream across
    central TX into OK tonight.

    RAP forecast guidance showed favorably diffluent flow aloft
    maintaining over central TX into southern OK through 12Z Sunday.
    Expectations are for the current axis of thunderstorms to continue
    slowly advancing NNE and E ahead of the upper forcing to the west,
    with transient axes of training helping to support 1 to 2+ in/hr
    rain rates and possible flash flooding. While the main concern for
    higher rates will be with the leading edge of the convective line,
    there will be some potential for locally higher rates/training to
    refocus to the west of the line as it shifts downstream due to the
    diffluent flow aloft and an upstream impulse advancing
    northeastward toward the Trans Pecos region of western TX as seen
    on water vapor imagery.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-_-Q2hwEx7KarPBlHVSKjNr9BaEBTzQF2g4CKp3yUTtW7BuT45-6zIl9IGBqLsyjXz7B= olzEoDsYjDrWAyUfbyocJiQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LUB...OUN...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35979748 35879671 35639634 35089609 34309618=20
    33629639 32879660 31959737 31309902 31389998=20
    32180015 33440001 34719940 35699834=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 08:31:05 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 120831
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-121330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0095
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    429 AM EDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Areas affected...Middle Rio Grande Valley into central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 120828Z - 121330Z

    SUMMARY...While the threat is not certain, the potential for at
    least localized flash flooding will continue across the middle Rio
    Grande Valley into portions of central TX this morning. The
    possibility of peak hourly rainfall of 1 to 3 inches will linger
    through 13Z.

    DISCUSSION...08Z radar imagery showed a weakening squall line over
    central TX, moving east toward I-35, north of Austin, where a
    relative lull in instability was estimated over central TX via 08Z
    SPC mesoanalysis data (peaking near 500 J/kg MLCAPE) while
    500-1500 J/kg MLCAPE remained west of I-35 and south of I-10
    within the middle Rio Grande Valley. The orientation of the
    remnant squall line or outflow boundary was from NE to SW across
    the Edwards Plateau to the Rio Grande near Del Rio, generally
    aligned with the mean steering flow, resulting in less forward
    motion for the southern portion of the outflow boundary. Isolated
    convective activity was observed north of the outflow boundary and
    south of the Rio Grande over northern Coahuila's Serranias del
    Burro.

    VAD wind plots showed that 35-40 kt of 850 mb southerly inflow
    remained over the lower Rio Grande Valley into the Edwards Plateau
    and atop the rain-cooled outflow boundary. Meanwhile, water vapor
    imagery showed an approaching lead shortwave trough over the Big
    Bend Country, advancing northeastward. Lift ahead of this feature
    was evidenced by the recent shower/thunderstorm development over
    northern Coahuila. It seems plausible that additional development
    may occur along the southwestern flank of outflow, tied to the
    eastward translating MCS over central TX with mean steering flow
    supporting training from SW to NE, within the lingering
    instability max. Aloft, a 90-110 kt upper level jet streak is
    forecast to cross the Rio Grande and advance into western OK
    through the morning hours, placing favorable right-entrance region
    ascent over the Edwards Plateau. In addition, RAP forecasts showed
    largely uninhibited MLCAPE returning northward back across eastern
    portions of the Edwards Plateau and the I-35 corridor this morning
    due to continued low level moisture transport. Therefore, while
    coverage of additional thunderstorms remains unclear, at least a
    localized flash flood threat will continue over the middle Rio
    Grande Valley into portions of central TX through at least 13Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_3FlNpW6BRCKRKImp4hH3qvBATr_8e3WL0zq0GV47pVlRjal9jyjHcjYCG8Ay8XtKy5l= 5F2VyGGL6b2WxpXiEWjjrEo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31999652 31529594 30669610 30109658 29399760=20
    28769895 28629991 28650054 28770069 29250104=20
    29710163 30460033 31119904 31969747=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 16:19:20 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 121619
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-122217-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0096
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1218 PM EDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Areas affected...South-Central Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 121617Z - 122217Z

    Summary...Increasing potential for flash flooding this afternoon
    as thunderstorms containing 2-3"/hr rainfall rates develop in the
    next 2-3 hours and congeal into an MCS. Locally significant flash
    flooding is possible, especially atop sensitive urban areas in the
    region.

    Discussion...Showers and thunderstorms are showing increased
    development across South-Central Texas late this morning as a very
    moist airmass continues to destabilize. An intense, localized
    cluster of thunderstorms near Gonzales county recently exhibited
    2.5-3"/hr rainfall rates according to MRMS and KEWX. When combined
    with slow forward motions around 20 kts, a corridor of FFG
    exceedance was noted over the last 15 minutes.=20

    These early storms are tapping into a very favorable environment
    for efficient heavy rainfall production; 12Z RAOB from BRO and
    ACARS profiles from AUS and SAT depict a deep moist layer from the
    surface to 750 mb (PWAT of 1.7-1.8"), tall instability profiles
    characterized by 1000-2000 J/kg of MUCAPE, and WBZ heights over
    3500 m. An inversion above the moist layer has thus far suppressed
    more widespread development, although this is expected to weaken
    over time as large scale ascent strengthens over the next few
    hours while the column continues to moisten.

    As such, thunderstorms are expected to expand in coverage and
    intensity over the next few hours. By 17-18z, the 12z CAM suite is
    in good agreement for this activity to congeal into an MCS
    containing training thunderstorms along a NE-SW axis -- possibly
    along a remnant cold pool evident in surface obs. Forecast Corfidi
    vectors near 10 kts suggest this complex will be quite slow to
    move once it develops, in turn lengthening the residence time of
    2-3"/hr rainfall rates within the strongest individual cells.
    While the area has been dry according to NASA SPoRT soil moisture
    percentiles, the risk of flash flooding is expected to increase
    over the next 6 hours as 3-6" fall in the main axis of training.
    Significant flash flooding is possible should this fall over a
    sensitive urban area.

    Asherman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6l5fxvgg0Ga24XrcAiL7fdIFH_5gslDM_qZveZxQ_cc0YwW17qlWHwCr4bDlkiesKVsA= EMVZR837bFWVyXMVWomDxKs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31379590 30859516 29989564 29049725 28959831=20
    29579882 30369847 31079733=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 20:18:47 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 122018
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-130216-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0097
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    417 PM EDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Areas affected...portions of central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 122016Z - 130216Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms are developing across portions
    of central TX. Hourly rain amounts to 3" with local totals to 5"
    are possible, which could lead to scattered instances of flash
    flooding over partially saturated soils.

    Discussion...The combination of shortwaves aloft crossing the
    TX/OK border and northern Mexico have led to a difluent pattern
    aloft across the region. Precipitable water values are 1.5-1.8"
    per GPS data. Effective bulk shear of ~50 kts exists. ML CAPE is
    around 2000 J/kg (higher to the west and lower to the east).

    Inflow at 850 hPa slowly backs with time as the upper level
    shortwave in northern MX approaches, which along with no
    additional eastward progress in the instability gradient should
    hold up forward forward propagation to the northeast. The 12z
    GFS-based Galvez-Davison index implies that the current convective
    uptick maximizes in the 21-00z period before slowly fading
    thereafter in this area. Both the 12z HREF and 12z REFS have a
    heavy rainfall signal across the region, though of differing
    magnitudes. Given the above ingredients which favor mesocyclone
    formation and cell training, along with the possibility that
    storms of different levels of organization could merge, hourly
    amounts to 3" with local totals to 5" are possible. Given the
    recently compromised flash flood guidance values due to recent
    heavy rainfall, scattered instances of flash flooding are
    possible.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8j2UxM1SGtHNsq_QI1ob82WzX2FdtDrZMFk4nPqkt6h33-miTPan9qw8F2P0QPMkg4eY= Z1hEz4csPMkB4OnF9cs_Ej8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32359813 32339732 31189682 29479732 29309826=20
    30019894 31669899=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 21:01:51 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 122101
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-130259-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0098
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    500 PM EDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Areas affected...portions of southeast TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 122059Z - 130259Z

    Summary...Thunderstorms with some level of organization will
    continue to attempt to train into this evening. Hourly amounts to
    3" with additional local totals to 5" are possible, which could
    lead to scattered instances of flash flooding.

    Discussion...Thunderstorms with heavy rainfall have been moving
    east-northeast inland of the Middle & Upper TX Coasts near the
    tail end of an MCV moving through portions of MO, which shows up
    as an eastward branch of the 850 hPa inflow/convergence. Earlier
    this afternoon, hourly rain amounts were quite high, though
    they've settled back towards 2.5-3" as of late. Precipitable
    water values are 1.8-2" per GPS data. ML CAPE is 1000-1500 J/kg.=20
    Effective bulk shear is 25-35 kts which is organizing convection.

    Both the 12z REFS and 18z HREF are at least a county too far
    inland with this convective activity. While their six hour
    probabilities show a tendency for the activity to approach the
    TX/LA border, the REFS hourly probabilities in particular are
    fairly far to the east/too quick when compared to recent radar
    reflectivity imagery. A combination of cell training and embedded
    mesocyclones appear to be the main cause for heavy rainfall in
    this region, though merging convection cannot be ruled out could
    any cells form south of the band and approach it. ML CAPE
    supports the idea of this activity making a run for the LA border,
    but with decreasing instability with time, there could be a
    tendency for increased forward propagation/decreased precipitation
    amounts with time. With somewhat higher instability to the north
    the farther east you go in this region, thunderstorm activity may
    try to correct towards the 18z HREF solution and edge a little
    more northward as well. Hourly rain amounts to 3" with additional
    local totals to 5" remain possible, which could lead to scattered
    instances of flash flooding.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5nMBgV5t9cCt79LlQETJWpm7K6GjQ240BRaV-E-svg4sWr9O9XPQSrTHrurNmmfxbRjA= aPMRiPqOIy0SlzDTLr2vtxk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HGX...LCH...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31319378 30159385 29649511 29629620 29979635=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 13 03:24:54 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 130324
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-130700-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0099
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1123 PM EDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Areas affected...central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 130322Z - 130700Z

    Summary...A small, slow moving cluster of thunderstorms is
    expected to maintain peak rainfall rates of 2 to 3+ in/hr and
    localized flash flooding across portions of central TX over the
    next 2-4 hours. Afterward, eastward translation and weakening is
    anticipated.

    Discussion...03Z radar imagery showed a small thunderstorm cluster
    over and just west of the Colorado River in San Saba and Llano
    counties. This cluster has had a history of backbuilding and
    training with observed hourly rainfall of 2.5 inches and
    MRMS-derived estimates locally over 3 inches over San Saba County.
    It was located just on the cool side of an elongated, remnant
    outflow boundary from earlier on Sunday that extended from near
    New Braunfels into the Hill Country and northward across I-20,
    just east of Abilene. Water vapor imagery showed a number of
    vorticity maxima embedded within the WSW flow aloft. At 03Z, a
    more notable vorticity max was located just northeast of San
    Antonio, with another more subtle feature over Concho and Menard
    counties, west of the ongoing thunderstorms.

    Expectations are for low level flow overrunning the outflow to
    continue to support thunderstorms over portions of central TX
    within a moderately unstable airmass characterized by 1500 to
    2000+ J/kg MLCAPE and PWs of 1.5 to 1.7 inches (SPC mesoanalysis).
    However, passage of the vorticity maxima/shortwave features aloft
    should cause the ongoing activity to shift east in another couple
    of hours while additional development occurs downstream toward the
    east, with eventual weakening as increasing CIN is encountered
    toward the east. There is some uncertainty with exactly how long
    the backbuilding signature will continue over San Saba and Llano
    counties, but current thinking is that the passage of the embedded
    impulses aloft should disrupt the ongoing activity within the next
    2-3 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8pcpmXpFhE2czLV347fybNztipkC3atoiLr2jFxkU4IQKY_67vA06heOHYA0UdhIf3n0= ErkfDhUi8YwEmk5Z5Ni57eA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32069713 31929682 31659668 31359660 31129663=20
    30859695 30689738 30599828 30679895 30929919=20
    31089929 31379914 31579875 31879812 32039757=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 13 21:42:38 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 132142
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-WIZ000-MNZ000-IAZ000-140330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0100
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    541 PM EDT Mon Apr 13 2026

    Areas affected...Much of Wisconsin, Southeastern Minnesota, and
    U.P. of Michigan

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 132140Z - 140330Z

    SUMMARY...Thunderstorms forming along a warm frontal boundary will
    organize into training lines of storms, over an area of saturated
    soils through this evening. Flash flooding likely.

    DISCUSSION... Several areas of convection have begun to form along
    a warm frontal boundary across much of Wisconsin and southeast
    Minnesota this afternoon. These storms are being fed by moisture
    influx with PWATs around 1 inch along the front, but over 1.3
    inches along the Illinois/Wisconsin border, based on the latest
    SPC Mesoanalysis. CAMs guidance is in good agreement that the
    storms will continue to grow upscale into an MCS that will then
    support training storms propagating eastward across central and
    northern Wisconsin. A cold front shown across northern Minnesota
    will press southeastward and eventually help to push the MCS
    southward with time.

    Soils across Minnesota and Wisconsin are nearly saturated due to
    recent rainfall and around the U.P. of Michigan, recent snowmelt
    as shown on NASA SPoRT imagery. With above average river levels
    and nearly saturated soils across nearly all of Wisconsin, almost
    all of the rainfall expected from this forecast MCS will convert
    to runoff quickly. FFGs across this region on average are around
    1.5 inches/1 hour, 2 inches/3 hours, and 2.5 inches/6 hours. These
    values are likely to be exceeded with multiple rounds of training
    storms expected late this afternoon and this evening. The cells
    south of the Twin Cities have a history of rainfall rates
    exceeding 2 inches/hour at times, showing that the atmosphere is
    capable of rates exceeding these aforementioned FFG values.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7G1XSLTDBBKEgE6KnC6HjiSFk-T-6U4Bgr0ABoBXm8-JrDZHBYlj134353NlsdE9nf1H= lWiBku11TKmoojCTL9tJ1SM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DLH...GRB...MKX...MPX...MQT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 46828894 46588739 45458680 44468747 43548763=20
    43368904 43429003 43509140 43739228 44039312=20
    44719364 45179376 45829361 46349312 46619141=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 13 23:31:52 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 132331
    FFGMPD
    MNZ000-IAZ000-SDZ000-140330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0101
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    730 PM EDT Mon Apr 13 2026

    Areas affected...Southwest Minnesota and Northwest Iowa

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 132330Z - 140330Z

    SUMMARY... Clusters of storms are forming across portions of
    southwest Minnesota and northwest Iowa this evening. Localized
    rain rates to 2" per hour could cause isolated to widely scattered
    instances of flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION... Convective coverage has rapidly increased across
    portions of southwest Minnesota and northwest Iowa this evening as
    part of a broader low pressure center and warm frontal system,
    tapping into Gulf moisture riding up to the south and east of
    these features. Rainfall rates of up to 2 inches per hour have
    been observed on radar, with somewhat moistened soils in the area
    from recent rainfall, based on NASA SPoRT imagery.

    CAMs guidance is in poor agreement in this area, with none of the
    guidance suggesting convective coverage would be as robust in this
    area than has already formed. For those that have a hint of the
    southern extent of this convection (NAMnest, ARW to a lesser
    extent, and HRRR to an even lesser extent), all suggest much
    faster and more eastward motions to these storms than have already
    been occurring. Thus, with slower and more northward storm
    motions, towards areas where storms have already formed across far
    southern Minnesota, expect more robust training and heavier
    rainfall rates than the guidance is suggesting, favoring more
    potential for flash flooding over the next few hours.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6X1tqeZU-LUfkuQOxQe1ZCk91388CwJGlSqrn-Xsd_p7IlWiLuBHXrVEhhbbR6vhNbAj= BNCnIg_odYgJqLuN6203qEk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...FSD...MPX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 45369378 44999377 44649360 44179331 43929301=20
    43769257 43649215 43449216 43129229 42679296=20
    42619447 42549518 42579577 42809622 43209651=20
    43539693 44139664 44909551 45309470 45349421=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 14 03:47:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 140347
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-WIZ000-IAZ000-140800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0102
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1145 PM EDT Mon Apr 13 2026

    Areas affected...southern WI into central/northern Lower MI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 140344Z - 140800Z

    Summary...Areas of flash flooding will be likely from southern WI
    into central/northern Lower MI over the next 4-5 hours. Saturated
    to nearly saturated soils are expected to be a contributing factor
    to excess runoff from rainfall rates of 1-2 in/hr.

    Discussion...0320Z radar imagery across the Upper Midwest showed
    an MCS with an elongated convective line on its southern flank,
    oriented west-east from the MN/WI/IA tri-state region into
    northwestern Lower MI. The cluster of thunderstorms were located
    along a quasi-stationary front that extended west to east through
    central WI/MI with 500-2000 J/kg MLCAPE (highest over northeastern
    IA, lowest over Lower MI) estimated just south of the boundary per
    03Z SPC mesoanalysis data. Infrared imagery showed cloud tops
    continued to cool with divergence aloft aided within the
    right-entrance region of a 110-130 kt upper level jet streak
    positioned over Lake Superior into southern Quebec. 850 mb VAD
    wind data showed 50-60 kt of SSW flow from eastern IA into
    northern IL and southern WI, aiding rapid moisture transport
    across Lake Michigan into Lower MI with upstream moisture over the
    Midwest between 1.2 and 1.4 inches.

    As the main surface low along the front in northwestern IA
    advances ENE tonight, continued southerly flow ahead of the low
    into the ongoing complex of storms should sustain convection
    within the unstable airmass for several more hours. Mean cell
    motions from the W to SW will interact with the southerly low
    level inflow allowing for segments of the line to advance
    southeastward at times. Cell mergers and training within the
    linear segments of the MCS will attain rainfall rates of 1-2 in/hr
    at times with an overall movement toward the east through 08Z.
    Most soils across the region are saturated due to snowmelt and/or
    recent rainfall, with additional heavy rainfall more quickly
    translating into runoff compared to average. Therefore, areas of
    flash flooding are likely to occur across southern WI into Lower
    MI over the next 4-5 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7L1O-mnGFqvdnGQKawceVca5wKPKEE_53aZyZ3QByeXtRcHpH_iNlJdj0PPvcB--9qxe= 996tFkVy9okNckkMMmvxAfw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...APX...ARX...DTX...GRB...GRR...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 45818459 45288327 44528305 43748367 42798585=20
    42498773 42528950 42719070 43409120 44019101=20
    44319034 44578902 45028737 45468637=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 14 18:02:21 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 141802
    FFGMPD
    INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-MNZ000-IAZ000-150000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0103
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    200 PM EDT Tue Apr 14 2026

    Areas affected...Eastern IA...Southern WI...Northern and Eastern
    IL...Western and Central IN

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 141800Z - 150000Z

    SUMMARY...Developing and expanding clusters of heavy showers and
    thunderstorms coupled with locally wet/sensitive antecedent
    conditions will foster an isolated to scattered threat for flash
    flooding going through early this evening.

    DISCUSSION...Early afternoon GOES-E visible satellite imagery
    shows stronger diurnal heating promoting a steady destabilization
    of the boundary layer across eastern IA, western IL and nosing
    into southwest WI. This airmass is pooling south and east of a
    quasi-stationary front as multiple waves of low pressure advance
    along it.

    Some modest CINH remains in place across these areas, but MLCAPE
    values of 2000 to 3000 J/kg are already in place, and this is
    being supported by steep mid-level lapse rates transiting the
    Midwest. Meanwhile, satellite imagery shows a modest mid-level
    shortwave impulse ejecting northeastward across central and
    eastern IA down through northern MO and into western IL. This
    energy coupled with additional solar insolation should erode the
    remaining CAP across the region and set the stage for convective
    initiation. Much of this should be focused in close proximity to a leftover/diffuse outflow boundary from the early-day convection.

    As convection grows upscale, there will gradually be concerns for
    a few cell-mergers and some cell-training. A combination of
    multicells and supercells will be likely given the strong
    instability in conjunction with strong shear (effective bulk shear
    approaching 50 kts). The larger scale environment is also
    increasingly moist with aid from a southwest low-level jet of 30
    to 40+ kts. Deeper layer southwesterly moisture transport is noted
    aloft too with elevated CIRA-LVT magnitudes.

    Locally significant model disagreement is noted through this
    evening with the placement of the convection and its general
    evolution, but a multi-model consensus suggests eastern IA,
    northern IL and southern WI seeing one focus for convection, with
    areas of central/eastern IL and into western IN seeing a second
    focus.

    Rainfall rates will be capable of reaching 1 to 2 inches/hour,
    with some localized totals by early this evening of 2 to 4 inches.
    The antecedent conditions are locally quite sensitive, and
    especially from eastern IA through northern IL and southern WI.
    Isolated to scattered areas of flash flooding will be possible as
    a result.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6rVoRhS9MtZ95Sj6aCH05vO57EMIhqP-DU7yZfIuOyX3spDEUeEb69FAjBiqp3DRaLHv= v5fBXogv1SsUKymmwi2Cj7Y$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...DVN...ILX...IND...IWX...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43969015 43808891 43378810 42458766 41648679=20
    41038574 40368523 39538567 39238682 39538845=20
    40048943 41199043 41619249 41909331 42369330=20
    42689297 43329238 43909121=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 14 22:04:13 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 142204
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-150402-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0104
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    603 PM EDT Tue Apr 14 2026

    Areas affected...portions of western North Texas and the
    southeastern Texas Plains into southern and central Oklahoma

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 142202Z - 150402Z

    Summary...Ongoing convective evolution suggests an increasing
    flash flood threat for areas near Vernon, Lawton, and eventually
    toward the I-35 corridor in central Oklahoma through 04Z/11p
    Central.

    Discussion...Scattered, deep convection continues to increase in
    coverage across western north Texas and southwestern Oklahoma.=20
    Recent surface obs indicate subtle veering of flow west of a
    dryline across the Texas South Plains, and objective
    analyses/satellite suggest subtle vort maxima riding atop the
    dryline and over a warm, unstable airmass over the discussion
    area. These trends suggest continued expansion of convective
    coverage across the discussion area over the next few hours
    (especially as the low-level jet ramps up), with areas of training
    and mergers expected to foster spots of 1-2.5 inch/hr rain rates
    especially near the Red River.

    Antecedent conditions are a somewhat moist across the region from
    prior heavy-rain events over the past week. Sensitive terrain and
    urbanized areas (near Lawton in particular) could also experience
    a higher runoff risk. The overall focus for flash flooding should
    revolve around sensitive spots and locations of cell mergers -
    with background/mean flow fields (around 35-45 knots) suggestive
    that prolonged heavier rainfall (and >1.5 inch/hr rates/local FFG)
    may not occur on a widespread basis.

    Flash flooding is possible with this regime initially over
    southwestern OK and western north Texas, with the risk spreading
    northeastward toward I-35 in Oklahoma later tonight.

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6VoGB_M1a_9ytYeE6UWe8iLQ051eCBJO1BKLKOA725_8XkZLNT0flAJJgr3NBTOQttOi= 3Q_C8zlaihqgqTHhLhv-AsE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AMA...FWD...LUB...OUN...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35969737 35969640 34589601 33539662 33169844=20
    32870002 32960060 33570089 34530062 35180008=20
    35599891=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 14 23:57:56 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 142357
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-150556-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0105
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    756 PM EDT Tue Apr 14 2026

    Areas affected...portions of Wisconsin and Michigan

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 142356Z - 150556Z

    Summary...Deep convection will continue to produce heavy rainfall
    while migrating eastward through Wisconsin, across Lake Michigan,
    and eventually into Lower Michigan. Flash flooding is likely
    given ongoing impacts and local sensitivities in the region.

    Discussion...Deep convection has evolved as expected from the
    Mississippi River eastward across much of Wisconsin and
    northeastern Iowa. Favorable interactions with a warm frontal
    zone and steep lapse rates aloft have enabled intense updrafts and
    embedded mesocyclones to occasionally merge and produce spots of 2
    inches/hr of rainfall at times. Areas of flash flooding are
    possible in the short term.

    Of particular concern is the potential for storms to expand
    northeastward and eastward in coverage. The position of warm
    frontal zone over central Wisconsin and cooler Lake Michigan
    waters may weaken convection as storms move atop slightly
    cooler/stable low-level air, although very steep lapse rates aloft
    downstream should maintain convection as it migrates toward areas
    that have experienced 3-5 inches of rainfall over the past 3 days,
    with ongoing impacts to local watersheds in the area. FFGs fall
    to below 1 inch/hr in a few downstream areas, highlighting the
    sensitivity of the ground conditions there. Approaching heavy
    rainfall may worsen ongoing recovery efforts and perhaps cause new
    instances of flash flooding to occur.

    Peak flash flood potential will spread into northeastern Wisconsin
    in the 00-04Z timeframe and eventually spread into Lower Michigan
    generally from 02Z onward.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7kgjJfhxvhUeO4YT74P3s8DQ6l_xpQ24IGlUfxoboD8Y2QG0QSY5486_Dp46h_RYXL9-= Huhx9HqLAuI5qFzRolT1pZE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...APX...ARX...DTX...DVN...GRB...GRR...IWX...LOT...
    MKX...MQT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 45408569 45298379 44028325 42218366 41788510=20
    41898733 42518836 42508976 43319091 44929033=20
    45348892=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 15 00:25:03 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 150024
    FFGMPD
    INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-150623-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0106
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    824 PM EDT Tue Apr 14 2026

    Areas affected...eastern Iowa, northern Illinois, southern
    Wisconsin

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 150023Z - 150623Z

    Summary...Thunderstorms are expected to not only persist, but
    train and repeat over areas very near the WI/IL border vicinity
    over the next several hours. Flash flooding is likely, and
    significant impacts cannot be ruled out.

    Discussion...Radar mosaic imagery depicts a mature convective
    complex with embedded linear structures and mesocyclones extending
    from south-central WI (near Madison) southwestward to near Dubuque
    and Cedar Rapids. Other convection was anchored/backbuilding near
    a warm front close to and just north of Milwaukee. Each of these
    convective clusters were producing expanding cold pools that were
    progressively orienting perpendicular to increasing southwesterly
    low-level flow, with 45kts now noted on mesoanalyses at 850mb
    across much of IA/IL. Latest indications are that these
    convective clusters will continue to backbuild and train owing to
    convergence along strengthening outflows and strong upstream
    buoyancy (~3000 J/kg MLCAPE).=20

    The scenario is beginning to favor multiple hours of repeating
    convection (1-2.5 inch/hr rain rates) very close to where ongoing
    convection exists currently. Localized 3-5 inch rainfall totals
    are possible over the next 6 hours. This could result in
    significant flash flood potential as FFG thresholds across the
    area are only at around 1 inch/hr and will be readily exceeded.=20
    This potential will likely exist through 06Z/1a central, with
    populated areas near Madison, Milwaukee, Rockford, and perhaps
    Chicago potentially experiencing impacts.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_RimPN4452Lz3CSs_IelT7ml5jPYxQHeJmRoaCJABg12dpxpwKNOMVjDMdImE2PL8K-g= NjzLo2BW4jUzEE5JhCUattE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...DVN...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43498958 43368824 42998765 41958741 41538758=20
    41248859 41319028 41369158 41559227 41839253=20
    42249259 43009239 43179125=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 15 05:29:01 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 150528
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-MIZ000-INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-151020-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0107
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    127 AM EDT Wed Apr 15 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern IL/southeastern WI to southern
    MI/northern IN

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 150526Z - 151020Z

    SUMMARY...Scattered flash flooding will be possible in the
    vicinity of the eastern IL/WI border, eastward to southern Lower
    MI, northern IN and northwestern OH. Rainfall rates of 1-2 in/hr
    (locally higher) are expected along with peak additional rainfall
    totals of 2-3 inches through 10Z

    DISCUSSION...05Z radar imagery depicted a trailing stratiform MCS
    moving across Lower MI with the leading edge pressing
    southeastward across southern MI into northern IN. An outflow
    boundary was analyzed ahead of the convective line from
    southeastern MI into northern IN/IL with upstream thunderstorm
    development occurring north of the western portion of the boundary
    along the WI/IL border. 925-850 mb winds were from the SW at 45-55
    kt to the south of the boundary over north-central IL and
    1000-2000 J/kg MLCAPE extended from the MI/IN border back west to
    the MS River, per SPC mesoanalysis data.

    The leading edge of the MCS is expected to continue tracking
    toward the ESE across southeastern MI into northern IN and
    northwestern OH over the next 1 to 2 hours, but back to the west,
    continued convective development is likely as moist, low level
    flow overruns the slow moving western portion of the rain-cooled
    outflow. Mean cell motions are generally from the west which will
    setup a favorable pattern for training from west to east given
    alignment with the low level boundary. Rainfall rates of 1 to 2
    in/hr are likely (locally higher possible), and an additional 2 to
    3 inches of rain is expected through 10Z where cell training is
    maximized. Flash flood guidance is less than 2 inches in 3 hours
    for some locations, especially across northern IL/southern WI
    where heavy rain over the past 12-24 hours has contributed to
    reduced soil infiltration.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4gUZnv0Qxp7R8HWlZNMdEUOjnXzvwcsKhaQiAxAI-iAuF1r4A3I0uJ-ZiXaLC7iOJvba= 8vQFf0NVtX6daqnhMsw5PxE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...DTX...GRR...IWX...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43668276 43568226 43138209 42448225 41578312=20
    41298455 41268640 41468819 41788922 42428939=20
    42908878 42848652 42988484 43578350=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 15 21:48:39 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 152148
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-160246-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0108
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    547 PM EDT Wed Apr 15 2026

    Areas affected...southern Wisconsin, northern Illinois

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 152146Z - 160246Z

    Summary...Thunderstorms will migrate eastward across wet/sensitive
    areas from yesterday's rainfall especially across Wisconsin.=20
    Flash flooding is likely.

    Discussion...Scattered thunderstorms have organized along a
    frontal boundary from just north of Dubuque to Des Moines. The
    storms are exhibiting linear organization so far in their
    evolution, with forward propagation and 40-50 kt speeds generally
    limiting their rainfall potential to around 1 inch/hr or less.=20
    Flash flooding is possible on an isolated basis in the short term.

    Over the next 1-4 hours, however, storms will migrate eastward
    along a remnant outflow/frontal boundary extending east-west
    across southern Wisconsin (generally from Sheboygan to Wisconsin
    Dells). As low-level flow increases over Illinois, convergence
    along this boundary could result in additional convection
    developing in southern/southeastern Wisconsin out ahead of the
    ongoing quasi-linear complex. This will increase potential for training/mergers and prolonged rainfall rates in areas that have
    already experienced 1-4 inches of rainfall yesterday near/north
    and west of Milwaukee and across far northern Illinois. FFGs are
    less than 1 inch/hr in some spots and could readily be exceeded
    where mergers take place. Flash flooding is likely - especially
    in sensitive areas that received rainfall/runoff issues late
    yesterday and early today.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5opxEbcOifoi00puOb7C5zg01c-pm_jWC9NSJEfq1mEfdNRUZ1jcte1ysb-WmCRTq14u= t29w5aSU3WiQJFXPtvtydIo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DVN...GRB...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 44558947 44408783 43208786 42008773 41548866=20
    41449051 42319153 43979095=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 15 23:01:23 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 152301
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-160459-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0109
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    700 PM EDT Wed Apr 15 2026

    Areas affected...much of Missouri, a small part of southeastern
    Kansas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 152259Z - 160459Z

    Summary...Deep convection is organizing into clusters/segments
    with localized training. Localized flash flooding is possible
    especially in low-spots and sensitive areas.

    Discussion...Convection continues to mature along and east of a
    dryline extending from near Kansas City south-southwestward to
    near Bartlesville and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The storms are in
    a very moist, unstable airmass (with 2000 J/kg SBCAPE and 1.5 inch
    PW values) supporting locally heavy rainfall at times despite
    appreciable storm motions of around 30-40 knots.

    The storms are in an environment with modest forcing for ascent
    due to the slow movement of the dryline, with an approaching
    vort-max over Nebraska and confluence ahead of the dryline helping
    to deepen and expand convective coverage. Because storms aren't
    strictly confined to the dryline, a few areas of training have
    been noted (especially across far southwestern Missouri near
    Joplin). These trends should continue for several more hours as
    evidence of any distinct upscale growth into forward-propagating
    linear segments (that would effectively reduce rain rates) is
    currently unclear.

    Localized training/repeating is likely to result in spots of 1-2
    inch/hr rain rates at times on a localized basis. These rain
    rates will threaten local FFG thresholds, with local sensitivities
    also contributing to a potential flash flood risk. This risk will
    persist for several hours this evening - perhaps through 03-04Z
    tonight.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4QBPUYiOvvcrSPYpuhtkEviwBvLAooHGfmdwrtbeqZBMskhBe_do-t8cvF3LxHUIUCMe= m9tMCSe9Cl1O5RzzcsdF2es$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DVN...EAX...ICT...LSX...PAH...SGF...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40509182 39399086 37999060 37039114 36699282=20
    36749448 37119532 38149503 39479452 40199364=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 16 00:12:27 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 160012
    FFGMPD
    ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-160609-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0110
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    810 PM EDT Wed Apr 15 2026

    Areas affected...southern/southeastern Oklahoma, far north Texas,
    far western Arkansas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 160009Z - 160609Z

    Summary...An axis of training convection has materialized from
    near Wichita Falls through Ardmore to near McAlister. This heavy
    rain axis should translate east-northeastward over the next few
    hours, with flash flooding possible especially across southern
    Oklahoma.

    Discussion...Initial scattered convection has recently aligned
    into a focused, training axis of cells along the Red River Valley
    this evening. The storms are in a weakly forced environment, with
    forcing for ascent resulting from the glancing influence of a
    mid-level wave over Nebraska and weakly confluent low-level flow
    across the region. The orientation of cells parallel to mean flow
    aloft - combined with their gradual maturity and establishment of
    cold pools - suggests that training convection will continue to be
    an issue for at least a few hours. This training band of
    convection will gradually translate east-northeastward into more
    of eastern Oklahoma and perhaps far western Arkansas through the
    overnight hours. A secondary training band of convection
    near/north of the Dallas/Fort Worth metroplex may also materialize
    over the next couple hours.

    Ground conditions are relatively dry in many areas, with hourly
    FFG thresholds exceeding 2-2.5 inches in spots. This suggests
    isolated flash flood potential across the region - mainly tied to
    low spots and/or urban areas. Persistence of training, however
    (as evidenced by 2-2.5 inch/hr rain rates near Ardmore) suggests
    that appreciable impacts may occur where rainfall is heaviest and
    most persistent. This isolated flash flood threat should persist
    for several hours - perhaps through 06Z/1a central.

    Cook=20

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!94K4h8YfYfUxaStsHe_mwQL2Cg4STxUAwOgtVe0vJgX8kBrY3h64uUeSF04aU6SgfTz9= sW5g0eOrXgiqZql0yM0HAKo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LZK...OUN...SHV...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35899509 35869426 34929421 33509505 33079635=20
    32859832 34239831 35069740=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 16 03:11:57 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 160311
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-160800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0112
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1110 PM EDT Wed Apr 15 2026

    Areas affected...Central Illinois...East-Central/Southeast
    Missouri...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 160310Z - 160800Z

    SUMMARY...Mature MCV continues to provide solid WAA ascent coupled
    with nose of enhanced deep layer moisture likely to support
    efficient rainfall production with rates of 1.5-1.75" and streaks
    of 2-3" totals resulting in possible incident(s) of localized
    flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR suite depicts a maturing MCV just
    southwest of metro St. Louis lifting northeastward at this time.=20
    GOES-E WV and RADAR show a broadening mid-level baroclinic
    leaf/shield indicative of continued favorable evacuation aloft to
    maintain the MCS for the next few hours. VWP and RAP analysis
    denote the broad divergence is supporting strengthening low level
    flow with solid confluence at the nose of the deeper layer
    moisture axis. CIRA LPW shows corridor of 850-500mb moisture is
    aligned ideally with the southwesterly flow but sfc to 850mb
    moisture is very broad and increasing to support TPW value in
    excess of 1.5". The 30-35kts of 850-700mb confluent flow in this
    moisture regime will support 1.5-1.75" rainfall production even
    with reducing/narrowing unstable axis (generally 500-750 J/kg of
    MUCAPEs). The MCV is also providing a corralling of downstream
    flow into a well defined deformation axis that is generally
    parallel to the deeper layer steering. This orientation will be
    the supportive requirement for increased duration to support
    localized steaks of 2-3" totals.

    Unlike further north, the ground conditions are much drier due to
    the prolonged drought. Yet, FFG values of 1.5-2"/hr and 2-3"/3hr
    are in the realm of exceedance and while not all locations will be
    exceeded there should be a few areas that may lead to localized
    flash flooding conditions through the early overnight period. As
    such, flash flooding is considered possible across central IL back
    through east-central MO; with slightly higher potential in the
    urban areas near Metro St. Louis, due to hydrophobic grounds and
    drainage.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_WoxM95G8ExX39lGSpA8s-H7qn-FUCdGbkYh4vn_8BhypuFWDWSIc__7RJp008JX_uhC= d3_AwawJzGwp-3qEB59Qe3Q$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ILX...LSX...PAH...SGF...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40338843 39928763 39148773 38638840 37699014=20
    37499135 37969181 38549157 38819130 39579024=20
    40138941=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 16 02:34:44 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 160234
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-160800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0111
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1033 PM EDT Wed Apr 15 2026

    Areas affected...Northern IL...Far Southeast WI...Southern L.P. of
    MI...Far Northwest IND...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 160235Z - 160800Z

    SUMMARY...Potential for localized flash flooding continues through
    the early overnight period; though coverage should become more
    scattered with loss of heating/rainfall intensity. Rates of
    1.5-1.75"/hr and spots of 2-3" remain possible.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR depicts a mature MCV across central
    Lake Michigan just east of Milwaukee progressing toward
    Holland/Muskegon, MI with a trailing QLCS convective line
    extending across SE WI into the NW Exurbs of Chicago along W I-88
    in N IL toward the Quad Cities. The cold pool appears to be
    maturing as well, increasing forward propagation of the line
    particularly through the middle, toward the WI/IL line, this is
    reducing overall residency time for extreme rainfall totals, but
    the short-term heavy bursts may still result in 1-1.5" in 30 to 60
    minutes. Given recent heavy rainfall and saturated upper soil
    profiles and proximity to hydrophobic urban conditions near
    Chicago will result in increased run-off and likely incidents of
    localized flash flooding/rapid rise flood, especially in the next
    few hours.

    GOES-WV shows expanding divergence region along the entrance of a
    100 kt 3H speed max across the LP of MI at this time, helping to
    maintain the MCV crossing the more stable air of Lake Michigan but
    solid southwesterly warm-air advection is allowing for downstream
    convergence with limited but sufficient MUCAPE of 500-750 J/kg.=20
    VWP shows solid 850-700 40-45kt flow at the western nose of the
    deep layer moisture axis where overall PW totals are increasing to
    over 1.25". This will likely continue to support 1.5-1.75"/hr
    rates and given the record wet spring across the SW LP; FFGs are
    compromised in spots and while typically sandy and able to absorb
    these rates and totals up to 2-3", saturation over 75% to 85% will
    still quickly be overwhelmed with above normal run off and
    potential for localized flash flooding conditions. However,
    proximity to the unstable air will be increasing (along with
    overall diurnal loss) and overall intensity of thunderstorms will
    be steadily increasing through the night reducing overall coverage
    and magnitude of flooding potential.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4LPc5RRJ7D_EWUR-GQyFYstxacfepZIrau-Gq7EetmrgliaA_S5VAKvEdlNZqw0hlovq= memycrUKXrRQJ4-THjJqulI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DTX...DVN...GRR...IWX...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43868583 43758458 43508280 42468379 41648587=20
    41268769 41238976 41499024 42108976 42648902=20
    42968835 43578710=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 16 04:44:56 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 160444
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-160845-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0113
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1243 AM EDT Thu Apr 16 2026

    Areas affected...Northeast Oklahoma...Southwest Missouri...Adj.
    Northwest Arkansas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 160445Z - 160845Z

    SUMMARY...A few more hours of potential localized flash flooding
    due to slow moving/training thunderstorms across the Ozark Plateau.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E 10.3um IR and regional RADAR mosaic shows a
    solid warming/weakening trend to the convective line across much
    of the Ozark Plateau. RAP analysis shows warming low levels and
    increasing CINH trends across the remaining well of 1000-2000 J/kg
    of MLCAPE, the exception remaining along the upwind edge across NE
    OK; and this is where the healthiest updrafts remain. Still,
    KINX/KSGF show most are starting to have dominating outflow
    patterns. However, as the dry-line retreated and the mean
    upper-level shortwave trough across IA is kicking east; a weakness
    in the overall mid-level flow/steering is lying perpendicular to
    weakening but sufficient southerly surface to boundary layer/925mb
    flow providing solid moisture flux convergence in proximity to the
    remaining MLCAPE axis. Tds in the upper 60s to low 70s. With this
    convergence and steering flow parallel to the boundary (and
    slacking), training or increased downdraft residency may allow for
    a narrow axis of enhanced rainfall rates up to 1.75"/hr for a
    potential of localized 2-3" total. Beside naturally lower FFG
    due to complex terrain across the Ozark Plateau, even further west
    into NE OK, FFG values are locally lower with hourly values less
    than 1.5-2" and 3" values less than 3". So an isolated incident
    or two of flash flooding remains possible more likely over the
    next few hours (through 06z) than into late overnight hours.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-TvB5wH1yA2rEBw5_ycJhpkLeoKNTS-Ovu9k5jlIx-qJ2pkeb0t11tRXvyqCe5r2sRyr= ukq0ka5--mZ0V5dP_wCKRGU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...SGF...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37839174 37359132 36779169 36529332 36329416=20
    36139587 36179651 36579663 36769627 36979505=20
    37359379 37769264=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 16 20:03:10 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 162003
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-170001-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0114
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    401 PM EDT Thu Apr 16 2026

    Areas affected...a small part of Missouri

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 162001Z - 170001Z

    Summary...Isolated, slow-moving thunderstorms could cause
    localized flash flooding for the next few hours (through 00Z/7p
    central).

    Discussion...A localized cluster of thunderstorms has become
    established across central Missouri. The storms have developed in
    response to strong insolation/surface destabilization beneath a
    very cold mid/upper wave (-18C at 500 hPa). The storms are also
    in a very localized area where mid-level flow drops off
    substantially, with right-moving storm motions falling to around
    5-10 knots per point forecast soundings. This explains recent
    behavior of the storm cluster very near Osage Beach, MO, where
    MRMS estimates of 1+ inch/hr in that area were already exceeding
    local FFG.

    Given the weak forcing for ascent, convective coverage is in
    question. Persistence of ongoing activity - or perhaps additional
    slow-moving cluster(s) of convection could produce 1 inch/hr rain
    rates at times. Again, these rates could exceed FFG, and given
    sensitive local terrain in the region, another instance or two of
    flash flooding cannot be completely ruled out. This risk will
    likely be diurnally driven and lessen some after sunset.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-ObucWhVuhSJtJ-DCrbSpVcGeYPrECRaPTiEJb1XmBzxTkejYnTMq5FUaz6gFsNiaqkA= M_oO_IyUC9okdjLdiTlDbSA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...LSX...PAH...SGF...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 38919228 38839074 38279022 37459022 37119109=20
    37199248 37689329 38099339 38809317=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 17 18:11:42 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 171811
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-MOZ000-MNZ000-IAZ000-180010-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0115
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    210 PM EDT Fri Apr 17 2026

    Areas affected...Northeast MO...Western and Northern IL..Eastern
    IA...Far Southeast MN...Central and Southern WI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 171810Z - 180010Z

    SUMMARY...Rapid convective development is expected over highly
    saturated soils this afternoon. Anomalous moisture and instability
    will support rainfall rates of 1 to 2 inches/hour. While
    individual cell motions will be fast, cell-training will lead to
    localized totals of 2 to 4 inches, making flash flooding likely
    given the sensitive antecedent conditions.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E Day Cloud Phase RGB satellite imagery and
    surface observations indicate rapid destabilization across the
    Upper Midwest ahead of an ejecting upper-level trough and
    approaching strong cold front. A 40 to 50+ kt southwesterly
    low-level jet is fostering intense warm air advection and moisture
    transport into the region, resulting in an anomalously moist and
    unstable airmass for mid-April (PWATs climbing to ~1.25 inches and
    MLCAPE of 1500 to 3000 J/kg).

    Convective initiation is expected imminently as the cap erodes,
    particularly near surface waves analyzed over north-central IA and
    southeast MN which are locally enhancing convergence. Deep-layer
    ascent will continue to increase this afternoon and evening as a
    strong shortwave/jet streak rounds the base of the trough and
    approaches from the west. Convective mode is expected to feature a
    mix of supercells and organized multicell clusters.

    While strong deep-layer shear (40 to 50+ kts) will promote fast
    individual cell motions to the northeast, the southwesterly
    steering flow is largely parallel to the low-level jet axis and
    lifting warm front. This alignment will strongly favor corridors
    of cell-training and repeating rounds of heavy rainfall over the
    same areas. High-efficiency updrafts will be capable of producing
    1 to 2 inch/hour rainfall rates, with the 12Z HREF signaling
    localized swaths of 2 to 4 inches through 00Z.

    The primary driver for the flash flood threat is the highly
    sensitive antecedent conditions. Recent NASA SPoRT 0 to 10 cm soil
    moisture data indicates very moist if not saturated soils (80 to
    100%) across much of the region, and USGS streamflow networks show
    running waterways are already elevated. With minimal infiltration
    capacity, the intense 1 to 2 inch/hour rates will to convert to
    enhanced runoff concerns, and likely promoting scattered areas of
    flash flooding which will include some localized urban impacts as
    well.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9hjs2Z_oHmyo18eoaSQu7i3KoZD9Delq5_o_Aeyu83kiVMQIawM1h87TuD-4LEItpLhN= MhaDX-LNgGe5ulc54SN8dxk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DLH...DMX...DVN...EAX...GRB...ILX...LOT... LSX...MKX...MPX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 45659058 45318891 44168851 42578857 41148902=20
    40108946 39429028 39319154 39769277 40559338=20
    41339334 43079263 44399214 45129163=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 17 19:04:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 171904
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-180102-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0116
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    303 PM EDT Fri Apr 17 2026

    Areas affected...portions of southern and eastern Kansas into
    northwestern Missouri

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 171902Z - 180102Z

    Summary...Flash flooding is possible as storms expand in coverage
    and intensity across the discussion area through 00Z/7p central.

    Discussion...Convective initiation has occurred in earnest along a
    synoptic front extending from near St. Joseph, MO to near Wichita,
    KS over the past half hour. The storms are in an extremely
    unstable environment, with 2000-3000 J/kg MLCAPE and 1.2-1.5 inch
    PW values supporting heavy rainfall. The front and initial
    convection was also oriented parallel to deep southwesterly
    steering flow aloft, suggestive of areas of training as storms
    mature over the next 1-2 hours. The localized training (and
    perhaps cell mergers where individual cells can move right of mean
    flow) should result in a few spots of 1.5 inch/hr rain rates that
    could result FFG exceedance and flash flooding with time.

    Trends through the night will ultimately depend on the degree of
    convective coverage and any upscale growth into linear segments
    that could materialize. Even if the dominant storm mode becomes
    linear, local training axes are likely to materialize and enhance
    flash flood risk. These trends, along with any potential
    development out ahead of the main frontal band, will be monitored
    for any corridors of significant flash flood potential through the
    evening hours.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_6urUHJHWAXBLoWXgUTS01fJG-k_8qnlfcUOHJLu-Nf-cVPdz3_l-tPy6jQQo3CpjNI9= 066vCnaiDF9ytCYfuFMT224$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DDC...EAX...ICT...OAX...OUN...SGF...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40579404 40529265 39909261 37869402 37089542=20
    36999727 37289839 38509719 40219524=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 17 23:37:15 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 172337
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-180434-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0117
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    735 PM EDT Fri Apr 17 2026

    Areas affected...central/northern Illinois, much of Wisconsin,
    upper Peninsula of Michigan, western Indiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 172334Z - 180434Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential continues especially across
    Wisconsin and northern Illinois. This threat will shift eastward
    through the evening hours.

    Discussion...A mix of linear and clustered convection continues to
    migrate east/northeastward across the discussion area. Areas of repeating/training were noted across far southern Wisconsin - and
    that area remains sensitive from prior heavy rainfall over the
    past several days. FFGs near/downstream of ongoing convection in
    southern Wisconsin are in the 1 inch/hr range (locally lower),
    with urban impacts from heavy rain expected in the Milwaukee area
    over the next 1-2 hours or so. Flash flooding remains likely
    there.

    Farther north, scattered convection has matured over central
    Wisconsin just ahead of a synoptic cold front despite widespread
    convective overturning. Instability profiles remain supportive of
    strong/deep convection in the short term (next couple hours),
    though the longevity of this convection is in question with
    eastward extent. Nevertheless, widespread impacts from recent
    heavy rain, swollen watersheds, and snow melt have left the region
    very sensitive (FFGs near 0 in the UP of Michigan, also <1 inch/hr
    elsewhere in parts of northeastern Wisconsin), and localized flash
    flooding remains possible.

    Cells in the southern part of this elongated conpmex (exiting
    southeastern Iowa) are more linear in nature, though a few cells
    have developed over west-central Illinois that should merge with
    this line over the next few hours. Ground conditions aren't as
    sensitive in central Illinois compared to farther north. Flash
    flooding may be more isolated/dependent on local rain rate
    enhancement from these mergers.

    Eventually, this elongated complex will shift eastward through
    northeastern Illinois and into western Indiana, with at least
    isolated flash flood potential continuing through 05Z/midnight
    central.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!75sQHgPWBmHMjZ1Iw9XEB_ZKL_6aH3-pygDpV2_kNNOuyft9zc_2YNqGB8JtW2UbmLfK= YzgLHaEoDJkopQwKKRSvHJA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DLH...DVN...GRB...ILX...IND...IWX...LOT... LSX...MKX...MQT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 46768913 46698706 46338613 44718704 42648721=20
    41438661 40218642 39408761 39449008 40039107=20
    40969098 42259046 43959061 45999024=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 17 23:39:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 172339
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-180434-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0117
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    738 PM EDT Fri Apr 17 2026

    Areas affected...central/northern Illinois, much of Wisconsin,
    upper Peninsula of Michigan, western Indiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 172334Z - 180434Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential continues especially across
    Wisconsin and northern Illinois. This threat will shift eastward
    through the evening hours.

    Discussion...A mix of linear and clustered convection continues to
    migrate east/northeastward across the discussion area. Areas of repeating/training were noted across far southern Wisconsin - and
    that area remains sensitive from prior heavy rainfall over the
    past several days. FFGs near/downstream of ongoing convection in
    southern Wisconsin are in the 1 inch/hr range (locally lower),
    with urban impacts from heavy rain expected in the Milwaukee area
    over the next 1-2 hours or so. Flash flooding remains likely
    there.

    Farther north, scattered convection has matured over central
    Wisconsin just ahead of a synoptic cold front despite widespread
    convective overturning. Instability profiles remain supportive of
    strong/deep convection in the short term (next couple hours),
    though the longevity of this convection is in question with
    eastward extent. Nevertheless, widespread impacts from recent
    heavy rain, swollen watersheds, and snow melt have left the region
    very sensitive (FFGs near 0 in the UP of Michigan, also <1 inch/hr
    elsewhere in parts of northeastern Wisconsin), and localized flash
    flooding remains possible.

    Cells in the southern part of this elongate complex (exiting
    southeastern Iowa) are more linear in nature, though a few cells
    have developed over west-central Illinois that should merge with
    this line over the next few hours. Ground conditions aren't as
    sensitive in central Illinois compared to farther north. Flash
    flooding may be more isolated/dependent on local rain rate
    enhancement from these mergers.

    Eventually, this elongated complex will shift eastward through
    northeastern Illinois and into western Indiana, with at least
    isolated flash flood potential continuing through 05Z/midnight
    central.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9U-h3PbHAPaEvnkDE8b8ojujiT2ikJcvFmDdocidQB9F7rW9CG0HfjZD7aSshrypXflm= 0uVx1ZhowZi6PlF2XOrL6hQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DLH...DVN...GRB...ILX...IND...IWX...LOT... LSX...MKX...MQT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 46768913 46698706 46338613 44718704 42648721=20
    41438661 40218642 39408761 39449008 40039107=20
    40969098 42259046 43959061 45999024=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 18 00:43:51 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 180043
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-ARZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-180641-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0118
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    842 PM EDT Fri Apr 17 2026

    Areas affected...northern/central/eastern Oklahoma, southeastern
    Kansas, southern/central Missouri, northwestern Arkansas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 180041Z - 180641Z

    Summary...Isolated instances of flash flooding remain possible
    through 06Z/1a central.

    Discussion...Ongoing convection has largely organized into an
    extensive linear complex extending from near Osage Beach, MO
    west-southwestward through Ponca City and Gage, OK. The storms
    are mostly undercut by composite synoptic front/outflow, although
    a few elements in central Missouri and far north-central Oklahoma
    remain surface-based. The storms are migrating eastward between
    35-45 knots while exhibiting localized training and areas of 1-2
    inch/hr rain rates at times. These rates should be enough for
    isolated flash flooding as FFG thresholds are generally in the
    1-1.5 inch/hr range especially from north-central Oklahoma
    eastward.

    Storms will be maintained through the overnight hours by abundant
    instability (1000-2500 J/kg MLCAPE) and strengthening low-level
    flow oriented perpendicular to the aforementioned front/outflow,
    maintaining robust updrafts and occasional training. Cells may
    tend to weaken some in east-central Missouri, but re-development
    over western Oklahoma near a front/dryline intersection should
    maintain the heavy rain risk through at least 06Z/1a central
    tonight. Flash flooding is expected on at least an isolated basis
    where training is most pronounced, with terrain influences in
    southwestern Missouri also likely playing a role in enhancing
    flash flood risk. Lastly, models suggest that the ongoing
    convective band will gradually develop southeastward toward the
    I-40 corridor in Oklahoma through the night.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8uiQ__KyH0yp5gD3LVLtiqN8N1vgyEat01kFbc0VsJSyK8Qphlh3hQqt4IJgyiwUMQIe= xQ9i_b7j_xr2DclgdMvU51Y$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...ICT...LSX...LZK...OUN...PAH...SGF...TOP...
    TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39309207 38969054 37709043 36569135 35499386=20
    34529681 34489883 35219970 36259956 36939828=20
    37899631 38929406=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 18 19:45:23 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 181945
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-TXZ000-190145-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0119
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    344 PM EDT Sat Apr 18 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast TX...Southwest LA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 181945Z - 190145Z

    SUMMARY...Potent thunderstorms capable of producing >2"/hr
    rainfall rates over the urbanized communities of southeast TX and
    southwest LA could cause localized urban flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...Visible satellite and Doppler Radar show a bubbling
    field of convection over southeast TX and southwest LA in advance
    of an approaching strong cold front. Additional surface based
    heating this afternoon will yield over 1,500 J/kg of MLCAPE along
    the I-10 corridor. Winds in advance, and in wake, of the cold
    front are NErly while winds within the 700-200mb layer are firmly
    out of the WSW. This is supporting effective bulk vertical wind
    shear levels that the RAP suggests could surpass 40 kts. This
    would allow for thunderstorms to have more longevity than typical
    "pop-up" or "garden variety" storms. HRRR and RAP area averaged
    soundings show warm cloud layers up to 12,000ft deep and skinny
    CAPE profiles that found in typical warm rain processes. As 850mb
    and 700mb weaken over the region this evening, the concern is for
    additional thunderstorm development either along the cold front or
    induced by the growing cold pool.

    Given the favorable thermodynamic environment and increasing PWs
    that reach 2.0" east of Houston this evening, the concern is for
    2"/hr rainfall rates that manifest over urbanized environments.
    The 12Z HREF does show low-chance probabilities (10-30%) from the
    Houston suburbs on east into southwest LA this afternoon and
    evening. The vast majority of the expected rainfall over southeast
    TX and southwest LA this afternoon is welcomed (severe and extreme
    drought for many), which is also evident in the 1-hr FFGs that are
    no lower than 2" area wide. That said, the potential for
    slow-moving and repeating rounds of storms, combined with
    anomalous PWs and ample instability aloft, could cause localized
    flash flooding in urbanized settings that contain a greater
    concentration of hydrophobic surfaces. Low-lying areas with poor
    drainage are also susceptible to flash flooding this afternoon.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9x_hjSr_ftys34SFugzCvxjT-H0aqr-0ltdAUpbxeqrkiGilLjiBwS_-XpRE3GUtr1g_= A55YawAS8oeq-cWzDYFgzAg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HGX...LCH...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30589389 30569330 30069327 29629387 29209491=20
    28939574 28839638 28939668 29259658 29709602=20
    30369451=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 20 18:29:02 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 201828
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-210015-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0120
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    227 PM EDT Mon Apr 20 2026

    Areas affected...southern FL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 201825Z - 210015Z

    SUMMARY...Slow moving thunderstorms capable of producing 2 to 3+
    in/hr are expected to impact southern FL over the next 4-6 hours.
    While a large portion of the area affected is covered by swamp,
    there could be impacts to urban areas along the southwest and
    southeastern coast.

    DISCUSSION...18Z surface observations and satellite imagery showed
    a cold front dropping south across Monroe and Miami-Dade counties
    along with sea breeze boundaries along the southwestern and
    southeastern FL coastlines. Visible satellite and radar imagery
    showed the early stages of thunderstorm development with at least
    one developed cell 10-15 miles southwest of Miami. SPC
    mesoanalysis data showed MLCAPE of 1000-1500 J/kg and PWs of 1.5
    to 1.7 inches. Low level flow was from the east to northeast and
    deeper layer mean winds were relatively weak from the WNW.

    Daytime heating and an apparent lack of CIN across southern FL
    will lead to additional rapid thunderstorm development within the
    next 1-2 hours along low level convergence boundaries forced by
    the cold and sea breeze fronts, and later, subsequent convectively
    driven outflow boundaries. Slow movement and brief training of
    these cores are likely to produce heavy rainfall rates of 2 to 3+
    in/hr with the possibility of storm total rainfall in excess of 5
    inches. While the 12Z HREF showed 40 km neighborhood probabilities
    of exceeding 3 to 5 inches of 20-40 percent, the likelihood of
    these higher rates falling over water or swampland is greater than
    that of impacting population centers along the coast. However,
    should these higher rates overlap with the Naples/Macro Island
    region or east-central Miami-Dade County to the upper Keys, urban
    flash flooding will be possible. The flash flood threat is
    expected to end from north to south and likely be over with after
    00Z as the front moves south of the Peninsula.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8AbXtSs2fP1pYZm6Urke5r5CjAgMjCRLCRbGztQ_qt2Cj4zKjJ7W_3kPEsfLCJ4xBv1L= QWbWIlP__ZXdYNaPHGCKEFU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...KEY...MFL...TBW...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 26368187 26078093 25858011 25258007 24988041=20
    25138135 25888205=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 20 19:32:33 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 201932
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-210009-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0121
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    331 PM EDT Mon Apr 20 2026

    Areas affected...Central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 201929Z - 210009Z

    Summary...Additional development of efficient, shallow convection
    containing periodic 1.5-2"/hr rainfall rates will maintain the
    threat of scattered flash flooding this afternoon over portions of
    Central TX.

    Discussion...Recent radar mosaic over Central TX depicts an area
    of slow moving and efficient showers and thunderstorms which has
    persisted through the morning and afternoon hours. Over the last
    hour or so, a cell within the broader precipitation shield between
    San Antonio and San Marcos has exhibited an uptick in hourly
    precipitation rates to 1.5-2"/hr, or 0.50-0.63"/15 minutes per
    recent observations, MRMS, and KEWX data. When combined with slow
    cell storm motions estimated at 10 kts, this storm led to a quick
    uptick in CREST Unit Streamflows to 200-600 cfs/smi where a Flash
    Flood Warning was recently issued.

    This activity is occurring downstream of an approaching
    upper-trough and left exit region jet streak in Northern Mexico to
    support broad ascent across the region. At the low levels, an axis
    of modest 850-700 mb layer convergence and WAA is also noted just
    upwind of this activity. ACARS soundings near the heaviest showers
    and thunderstorms suggest a very moist and saturated column from
    the surface to 600 mb and 400-500 J/kg of MUCAPE to support
    efficient collision-coalescence processes in this activity. While
    the instability profile is very shallow, it is somewhat higher
    than what CAMS are initializing with (100-250 J/kg) in this area,
    which could partially explain why the observed rainfall is more
    robust than what is modeled. That said, the RAP does suggest the
    aforementioned low-level forcing will persist through the
    afternoon hours while the upper-trough approaches for the west.
    Thus, the threat of scattered flash flooding will continue through
    the afternoon as new cells with periodic 1.5-2"/hr rates could
    develop and overlap with the area of current heavy rainfall,
    leading to additional totals of 2-3".

    Asherman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6P27gS0htMUt6ruBzVjQGTOBciYb1I84fU-8LYNmHZqsrW2YvQ28M3ERE9FmwAUoPBGt= AyRfqbg7HBFjdj823bTghhI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30409962 30379879 30309766 30009691 29409657=20
    28979693 28989818 29339916 29929974=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 21 00:26:36 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 210026
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-210504-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0122
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    825 PM EDT Mon Apr 20 2026

    Areas affected...Central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 210024Z - 210504Z

    Summary...Additional thunderstorms are developing over portions of South-Central TX this evening. These cells will maintain the
    threat of flash flooding as they could train and overlap with
    areas of heavy rainfall earlier today.

    Discussion...Radar across South-Central TX depicts a rapid
    expansion in thunderstorm coverage and intensity along the leading
    edge of a shortwave near the Big-Bend of TX. At the same time, an
    axis of persistent shallow convection northeast of San Antonio was
    finally showing signs of weakening after producing 2-4" of
    rainfall this afternoon. This activity was quite impactful earlier
    today, and 1-2"/hr rainfall rates led to at least one report of a
    swift water rescue near Live Oak TX where CREST Unit Streamflows
    eclipsed 900 cfs/smi at times.

    With that in mind, the concern is for additional thunderstorms
    containing 1-1.5"/hr rainfall rates to expand southwest of San
    Antonio, in turn leading to periods of training/repeating near
    areas impacted earlier today. This scenario is supported by recent
    runs of the HRRR (which is an slow but overall has the best handle
    on the situation). Taking into account the timing of the HRRR,
    this suggests the threat of scattered flash flooding should
    persist through 4-5Z tonight. Localized rainfall amounts of 1-2"
    could support additional considerable flash flooding impacts,
    especially if they fall atop the areas of heaviest rainfall today
    (highlighted in red).

    Asherman=20

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-pgGySLa8E2fX8z1a-v1EJ-5dByc4dC3VwIx7_d_Lp_Oyn3qKBs_LqqdACbFnEkn5076= LY9CTpEWQN9KPvCUyWfLKis$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30109900 30009752 29279747 28959854 29129944=20
    29649956=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 21 10:00:38 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 211000
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-211530-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0123
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    559 AM EDT Tue Apr 21 2026

    Areas affected...Triangle of Central Texas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 211000Z - 211530Z

    SUMMARY...Flash flooding risk possible given slow
    moving/back-building warm-advective shallow but efficient showers/thunderstorms. Rates of 1-1.25"/hr are possible with
    localized 2-3" totals.

    DISCUSSION...A very effective dynamic environment is helping to
    draw above normal moisture into a favorable ascent pattern over
    the next few hours across the Triangle of central Texas. GOES-E
    WV suite depicts a decaying MCV across southeast TX along the
    southeast periphery of favorable mid to upper-level divergent
    pattern along the northeast quadrant of a 70kt 3H west to east jet
    along/north of 30N. Combined with NW to SE diffluent pattern from
    500-250mb providing strong divergence for effective convective
    outflow. However, it is also directing strong ageostrophic
    forcing by helping to accelerate the early morning western Gulf
    jet streak fluxing enhanced low level moisture northward into the
    isentropic ascent plane. CIRA LPW along with VWP vectors denote
    core of west Gulf jet is propagating 20-25kts in the core of .8 to
    1" moisture in the surface to 850mb layer. Combine this with the
    axis of 700-500 mid-level moist flow from the subtropical eastern
    Pacific results in combined PW values nearing 1.5" near the best
    isentropic ascent currently through the San Saba River Valley.

    As such, recent 10.3um EIR and RADAR show increasing shallow
    convective activity along the NW to SE oriented DPVA into the best diffluence/divergence region downstream. The only limiting factor
    is the lack of higher theta-E air resulting in a broader unstable
    layer. Currently, it is limited to 100-250 J/kg of MUCAPE but
    only expected to increase toward 500 J/kg toward mid-morning as
    the core of the western Gulf air reaches the area of concern.=20
    Deep layer flux and ascent should allow for solid convergence and
    low level precipitation development likely with smaller droplets
    in warm-cloud process generation. This should allow for increased
    rainfall rates, but without the greater vertical depth, is likely
    to be limited to the 1.25" range at max. Convective cells are
    likely to move toward the northeast, but with continued south to
    southwest low level inflow, propagation vectors should be
    supportive of upstream redevelopment/back-building of the shallow
    cores. This should allow for increased overall duration to
    potentially support highly focused/localized maximum totals of
    2-3" through to afternoon.=20

    Hydrologically, these maximum totals are at the minimum thresholds
    of 1 but more likely 3 hour FFG values in the area, particularly
    along the southwest edge of the area of concern. NASA SPoRT LIS
    0-40cm soil conditions suggest average saturation around 45-55%
    and as such, most rainfall will be beneficial, but an isolated
    incident or two of flash flooding is considered possible given the
    strong dynamics and setup's history.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_I219mon2hUaIT9iZgkore_06USnlzSqH8nUYqkck59CIiG6-YfaYH-y3ycu4YEpwlLD= 4FbM0lDcXhAwB3fCiFCScWs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32539720 32209657 31769628 31419629 31169645=20
    30919666 30589712 30449755 30679836 31159887=20
    31779894 32509834=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 21 15:35:41 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 211535
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-212100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0124
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1133 AM EDT Tue Apr 21 2026

    Areas affected...East central Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 211533Z - 212100Z

    Summary...Slow moving heavy showers and thunderstorms continue to
    develop across eastern portions of central Texas late this
    morning, and are expected to persist going into the early to
    middle afternoon hours. Rainfall rates in excess of an inch per
    hour may lead to additional instances of flooding through 4 pm
    local time.

    Discussion...Regional Doppler radars and GOES-E satellite imagery
    continue to indicate a swath of heavy rainfall with embedded
    convection, centered mainly between San Saba and Columbus, Texas
    late this morning. This is primarily developing as a result of
    enhanced ascent from a 700 mb trough axis and mid-level shortwave
    intersecting moist 20-30 knot 850 mb southerly flow, and this band
    has been maintaining itself over the past few hours with only
    limited latitudinal displacement over the morning hours.

    The latest CAM guidance suggests the potential for scattered QPF
    maxima on the order of 1-3 inches through 21Z, with recent ARW
    runs most impressive with up to 4 inches possible during that
    time. The soils are becoming increasingly saturated and prone to
    additional flooding, with some regions getting 2 to 4 inches in
    just the past 12 hours as depicted in the graphic, and flash flood
    guidance is dropping in response to this. Even though the
    instability parameters are modest and most rainfall rates should
    be 1.5 inches per hour or less, some instances of flash flooding
    will be possible given the duration of the event.

    Hamrick

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6rZMdZryMnN1h6U47HcOTCMKMYBmebTgM_8KHuzizEgtqpQj8aSaafmjYcXXKRj4CWEH= y070S3biTHnSDXrWh992LpM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31399745 31079654 30659580 30219534 29699511=20
    29059518 28879550 28899585 28989632 29229708=20
    29909767 30189812 30509848 30959864 31259830=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 22 20:45:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 222045
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-230130-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0125
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    444 PM EDT Wed Apr 22 2026

    Areas affected...central TX to middle/upper TX Coastal Plain

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 222042Z - 230130Z

    Summary...Isolated flash flooding will be possible across portions
    of central TX into the middle and upper TX Coastal Plain through
    the early evening. Localized rainfall rates of 2-3 in/hr (locally
    higher) will be possible which could lead to runoff problems where
    overlap occurs with urban areas or other locations with poor
    drainage, especially given above average rainfall over the past
    few days.

    Discussion...Area radar imagery across southeastern TX at 2015Z
    showed scattered thunderstorms across the middle and upper TX
    Coastal Plain, mainly east of U.S. Hwy 77. SPC mesoanalysis data
    from 20Z showed uninhibited MLCAPE of 1000-2000 J/kg and PWs of
    1.3 to 1.6 inches across the region. The storms were located
    within northwest flow aloft between two vorticity maxima, one over
    the Gulf, south of western LA within a region of effective bulk
    shear between 30-35 kt, and a second vort max over northeastern
    TX. Bulk shear values dropped off significantly to the north and
    low level onshore flow between 925-850 mb of less than 15 kt
    appeared to be limiting organization over land. However, cell
    motions were fairly slow at 5-15 kt and portions of the region
    have picked up 2-4 inches of rain over the past 4 days, higher to
    the west near I-35.

    Therefore, while cells were not very organized, slow movement and
    outflow interactions/mergers could result in hourly rainfall of
    2-3 inches (perhaps locally higher) and localized totals of 2-4
    inches through 01Z. While congealing outflows could result in some
    westward migration of activity toward 00Z, the overall footprint
    of ongoing storms is not expected to change much over the next few
    hours. Isolated higher rainfall maxima could result in flash
    flooding should they overlap with more sensitive ground
    conditions, whether that be an urban location or locally
    hydrologically sensitive area due to recent rainfall.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_3LvrLfgRtViQVo-_a9F6P1Xv6F7kfWFSRPquiOqE_-jVWwsbw2FBSSnmKKdI1qasTBI= rsQcycUFdREyrZbFU_yPA64$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...LCH...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30799449 30649406 30429393 29889416 29389487=20
    28859565 28849669 29109711 29429747 29689764=20
    29999763 30269730 30379683 30509592 30759510=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 23 20:00:37 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 232000
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-IAZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-240100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0126
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    359 PM EDT Thu Apr 23 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern KS, southeastern NE, southwestern
    IA, northwestern MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 231956Z - 240100Z

    Summary...Isolated instances of flash flooding will be possible
    from northeastern KS into southeastern NE, western IA and
    northwestern MO. Training of thunderstorms will produce hourly
    rainfall of 1-2 in/hr with peak rainfall totals of 2-4 inches
    possible, through 01Z.

    Discussion...1945Z radar imagery showed a broken line of
    thunderstorms extending from south-central MN down to the NE/KS
    border, just ahead of a cold front. A cyclonic swirl was observed
    on visible imagery over northern KS, related to a low to mid-level
    vorticity max located just north of the surface triple point.
    Strong to severe thunderstorms were ongoing in the vicinity of
    Omaha, NE with rapid development noted south of Omaha to the NE/KS
    border. SPC mesoanalysis data from 19Z showed 2000-3000 J/kg
    MLCAPE from western IA into east-central KS ahead of the cold
    front with little to no CIN present.

    While thunderstorm activity to the north over western IA continues
    to grow and expand downstream toward central IA through 00Z, newer
    development to the south is also expected to expand within the
    unstable environment ahead of the front and favorably
    diffluent/divergent jet pattern aloft. A general eastward
    advancement of the line is expected but an inflection or two
    within the line of storms is anticipated, allowing for the
    increased potential for brief training from the NE/IA border down
    into northeastern KS as line orientation matches that of the mean
    steering from from the southwest. Elements of training will be
    capable of 1-2 in/hr rates and there will be isolated potential
    for 2-4 inches through 01Z as the line of thunderstorms advances
    off toward the east.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!77pisuZzS7nVKIjm86sEMRBSU92gf0hG8Jrg_GINe5iPA9dGpBPfqkUmC-wLry78e5nO= Fsv2NO7BvOXPtH-oP3LAvqs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DMX...EAX...ICT...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41949521 41839435 41249367 39789434 37989595=20
    38109739 38699787 39899740 41119655=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 24 00:29:36 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 240029
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-MNZ000-IAZ000-240600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0127
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    828 PM EDT Thu Apr 23 2026

    Areas affected...Upper MS Valley into MN Arrowhead/western U.P. of
    MI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 240027Z - 240600Z

    Summary...Widely scattered instances of flash flooding will be
    possible across northeastern IA/southeastern and northeastern MN
    into WI and the western U.P. of MI over the next 6 hours. Training
    of heavy rain is expected to produce 1-2 in/hr rates with isolated
    totals in the 1 to 3 inch range.

    Discussion...Area radar imagery at 00Z showed an intense squall
    line which extended from north-central IA into northeastern KS,
    tracking slowly toward the east-northeast. Meanwhile, less
    organized convection was noted to the north near western Lake
    Superior into central WI along with additional scattered storms in
    eastern IA. Estimated MLCAPE from 00Z SPC mesoanalysis data showed
    500 to 1500+ J/kg from northeastern IA into the western half of WI
    (highest to the south, ahead of the SQLN). MUCAPE up to 1000 J/kg
    was estimated across the eastern MN Arrowhead, north of a surface
    warm front. Aloft, a 90-100 kt jet streak was captured via GOES
    East DMV over western MN, with diffluent and divergent winds
    within its right-entrance region, likely supporting the recent
    uptick in convective activity over eastern IA.

    Expectations are for the squall line to continue advancing toward
    the ENE, while coverage and intensity increases regarding the
    activity from eastern IA into WI, owing to strengthening jet
    support in the upper levels. However, one limiting factor for
    maintaining convective intensity through the first half of the
    night is the forecast for weakening instability with time and with
    northern extent. On the other hand, portions of the region have
    seen over 300 percent of normal rainfall over the past 2 weeks
    which will contribute to quicker runoff from heavy rain. Lingering
    snow cover in limited northern locations may also contribute to
    excess runoff from added heavy rainfall. Rainfall rates of 1 to 2
    in/hr within areas of training from northeastern IA into
    southeastern MN and portions of western/central WI can be expected
    at times, with storm total rainfall of 1 to 3 inches in a couple
    of locations. These widely scattered instances of heavier rainfall
    could lead to flash flooding within portions of the Upper MS
    Valley through ~06Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6kgfqTSwxWwKfzCXp6PG-UAyu1foOIh4ilYhnayi2dXgpRbpViVpumX8fci7fSoUunxJ= twj7iBcBPU6tjsc2DwGSc9s$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DLH...DMX...DVN...GRB...MKX...MPX...MQT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 48228962 47748933 45408862 43648935 42109078=20
    41619219 42109326 43829283 45429220 47259153=20
    48209035=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 24 01:11:41 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 240111
    FFGMPD
    OKZ000-KSZ000-240630-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0128
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    910 PM EDT Thu Apr 23 2026

    Areas affected...southeastern KS, northeastern OK

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 240109Z - 240630Z

    Summary...A focused region of flash flooding is expected to set up
    over portions of southeastern KS into northeastern OK through 06Z.
    Slow movement/training of cells will lead to hourly rainfall of 1
    to 3 inches and storm total rainfall of 2 to 4+ inches over the
    next few hours.

    Discussion...Area radar imagery across the central Plains at 01Z
    showed two intense areas of slow moving convection. First over
    eastern KS, over and just northeast of Wichita and a second area
    over northern OK, bisecting I-35. The northern cluster of storms
    was near the triple point (near ICT) and was associated with an
    outflow boundary which intersected to the west, at the triple
    point. Both areas have been associated with training and resided
    within a very unstable environment with MLCAPE estimated in the
    2500-3500 J/kg range (00Z SPC mesoanalysis and 00Z OKC sounding).
    Fading visible imagery showed cloud streets oriented with the low
    level inflow, south to north, into the northern OK thunderstorms.
    The eastern KS/OK border lay beneath a diffluent upper level jet
    pattern, favorable for increased ascent over the region.

    As the low level jet continues to increase with the diurnal cycle,
    exceeding 50 kt over northeastern OK by 03-04Z (recent RAP
    forecasts), overrunning of the storm-generated cold pools should
    continue to support convective regeneration along the southwestern
    flank of the system with WSW to ENE training, while overall
    southward propagation occurs gradually with time. The low level
    flow is expected to veer by ~06Z which should allow the convective
    cluster to advance eastward away from its current initiation point
    along the dryline. However, up until that happens, locally heavy
    rainfall is expected to support areas of flash flooding with total
    rainfall totals of 2 to 4+ inches likely.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_4IhhlNU2-TD0lf6iOAtxNfWHMxiBhR6ZzQMqDoUwtb1AoqbV-UaP8nALEjLyD8ddVPY= CTr8DwZ8JwE5hBk8Xurdt5A$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ICT...OUN...SGF...TOP...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 38339621 38269564 37749511 37399499 36559504=20
    35959602 35739762 35999840 36709810 37739759=20
    38179690=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 16 19:51:56 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 161951
    FFGMPD
    KYZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-170130-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0173
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    350 PM EDT Sat May 16 2026

    Areas affected...Southern Illinois...Southern Indiana ...adjacent
    Northwest Kentucky...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 161950Z - 170130Z

    SUMMARY...Favorable environment for subtle heavy rainfall style
    event or two given proximity to mid-level shortwave center passing
    to southeast.

    DISCUSSION...19z surface analysis denotes a weak surface wave just
    southeast of St. Louis, MO sitting along a stationary thermal
    boundary, reinforced by early morning rainfall/outflow. CIRA LPW
    suite (oblique polar pass) shows a small pool of enhanced boundary
    level to 500mb moisture along combined with upper 60s and low 70s
    Tds through S IL/S IND, bringing a small pocket of overall totals
    over 1.75" within a favorable southwesterly to west-southwesterly
    WAA 925-850mb flow regime increasing moisture flux convergence
    along it. While cloud cover has been generally dense this morning
    into early afternoon, some clearing and broken insolation has seen
    temps into the low 80s, particularly downstream into NW KY/S IND,
    resulting in a narrow west to east axis of 2000 J/kg MLCAPE that
    is becoming increasingly uncapped.

    GOES-E WV suite along with visible loop, shows a small mid-level
    shortwave twist to the cloud pattern over NW KY that is expected
    to continue a east-northeast progression further providing larger
    scale ascent, especially downstream. However, aloft, RAP analysis
    denotes a strong divergence signal at the far right entrance to
    the jet streak over the Great Lakes across central IL, along the
    northwest periphery of the shortwave. The combination of all
    factors is supporting initial break out of deeper updrafts (rapid
    cooling and expansion of these clusters/cells shows potential
    instability of the broader area). So low level WAA/convergence
    should help feed the updrafts with slow eastward movement given
    15-20kts of deep mean steering flow, but overall inflow from the
    west-southwest results in favorable propagation vectors for
    back-building and or slowing of the forward progression of
    clusters that due develop mainly because of the proximity on the
    NW side of the mid-level shortwave. As a result there is good
    potential for increased residency of stronger/broader moist
    updrafts capable of 1.5-2"/hr rates. Localized totals of 2.5-3"
    are possible.

    Stronger cells with greater coverage are expected downstream/east
    of the shortwave but should be forward propagating quicker;
    however, these rates/quick totals of up to 1" could set the stage
    for the slower moving upstream allowing repeating. While the
    overall Midwest has been dry, NASA SPoRT 0-40cm soil moisture
    values of 50-65% across the area of concern, which is much higher
    than surrounding areas (not including this morning's rainfall
    tracks). So with FFG values of 1.5-2"/hr and 2-2.5"/3hrs, and
    proximity to flash flood prone cities like Evansville/Louisville
    there is sufficient potential for a localized incident or two of
    possible flash flooding through late afternoon/evening across the
    area of concern.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!497FomLp5UQm8ELrJMqWCK5KLr8wHwkWmjbAMOrKtiJSJGuJBZPcDRxdQwKFWbxiyYxg= P9lrIiE-5I43OJ3RgHbNsxE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ILN...ILX...IND...LMK...LSX...PAH...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...ORN...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39598784 39508661 39328518 38868469 38278474=20
    37838551 37738654 37658748 37658849 37748931=20
    38118978 38618992 39198967 39518904=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 16 21:21:35 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 162121
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-IAZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-170315-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0174
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    520 PM EDT Sat May 16 2026

    Areas affected...Northern MO...Southwest IA...Ext. Southeast
    NEB...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 162120Z - 170315Z

    SUMMARY...Slow moving, back-building thunderstorms with 1.75-2"/hr
    rates will support mergers and repeating through the evening
    hours. Localized 3-4" totals are probable with isolated 5"+
    possible. Flash flooding is considered possible, given recent dry
    conditions may help mitigate moderate rainfall totals.

    DISCUSSION...21z surface analysis depicts a weak surface wave near
    Nebraska City, generally at the western extent of the deeper
    moisture plume across the Central U.S. Deep southwesterly flow
    aloft is providing broad scale ascent and lowering surface
    pressures in the lee of the Rockies and driving a broad strong
    southerly LLJ across the Plains and Ozark Plateau. This
    moisture/higher theta-E air is generally mid-80s over upper
    60s/low 70s Tds, supporting total PWats near 1.5" and with
    southwesterly flow aloft, resulting in steepening lapse rates,
    supportive of 3000-3500 MLCAPE across E KS into NW MO.=20=20

    The surface low resides at the apex of a broader surface SW to NE
    trough with the frontal boundary extending along the KS/NEB
    boarder before angling northeast across south central IA into S
    WI. A more important outflow boundary from last night/this
    morning's convection has effectively become a deeper thermal
    boundary/warm front from near CSQ in IA dropping south across
    north-central MO toward KCOU before turning E across S IL. As
    such, the southerly surface to 700mb southerly flow is ascending
    isentropically across is boundary resulting in the first bands of
    deeper convection across north-central MO. Overall, vigor remains
    a bit limited but will further aid in steepening the
    boundary/isentropes over the next few hours, increasing deep layer
    moisture convergence. As the LLJ strengthens, flux convergence
    will help to broaden updrafts and rainfall efficiency as the
    overall moisture pool increases to 1.75" TPW toward 23z. Overall
    coverage and broadening updrafts will allow for cells to increase
    to 1.75"/hr rates with occasional 2-2.25" occurring and localized
    2.5" for eventual short-term mergers.=20=20

    The concern toward and after 00z, will be the broadening of the
    500-1000mb thickness lines, reducing forward propagation and
    bending steering flow a bit more south of due east further
    increasing convergence, though this will be concurrent with
    strengthening upstream inflow turning propagation vectors
    southwest with time, allowing for higher potential of an
    individual cell's residency and/or repeating tracks. Eventually,
    back-building toward southeast NEB. A broad swath of 2-5" is
    becoming more probable across this area with 18z HREF probability
    of 70-90% of 3"/6hrs along/near the intersection of the
    fronts/outflow along the IA/MO line. This is likely to shift
    (more likely south and west given trends); the 'good news' is the
    area has very high FFG values (2.5"/hr; 3-4"/3hrs) due to
    prolonged dry spring with 0-40cm Soil Moisture around 25-30%,
    though areas nearer the Missouri River and portions of SW IA are a
    bit more moist and have lower FFG values. Still, the overall
    rainfall and rates are still possible to induce widely scattered
    to scattered incidents of flash flooding through 03z. Please note:
    further upstream development over the Higher Central Plains is
    likely to roll through later into the overnight period (after
    03z), so at best, this round will only wet the upper soil column
    for those cells later too, a subsequent MPD may be required.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9VcXlr9_PjGyMcyHRwzaSKTnfhvLyeyW1M46Y6h_NlSaMkIhxNXPTJ7sbEeIN-kF0ZwC= aRfQxuA7aCSzyGbrlskHsqw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DMX...EAX...LSX...OAX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41479517 41439361 40519263 39679173 38959238=20
    39259379 40199563 40589631 41069611=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 17 00:35:29 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 170035
    FFGMPD
    KSZ000-NEZ000-170600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0175
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    834 PM EDT Sat May 16 2026

    Areas affected...Southern Nebraska...Portions of Northwest
    Kansas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 170035Z - 170600Z

    SUMMARY...Slow moving super-cells becoming localized heavy rain
    producers, before main upstream cluster/MCS puts final additional
    heavy burst to exceed very dry ground conditions for a widely
    scattered incident or two of localized possible flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...00z surface and RAP boundary layer analysis depict a
    very tight moisture stream along and south of well defined
    stationary front that extends from active convection in SE IA and
    through southern NEB from south of Lincoln to Hastings to Holdrege
    before angling toward expanding progressive cluster, developing
    MCS coming out of NW KS. Strong surface pressure falls upstream
    has accelerated near boundary layer easterly flow increasing low
    level moisture profile as noted in CIRA LPW even through the
    700-500mb layer, with the 1.5" total PWat starting to nose as far
    west as south-central NEB. Surface southerly flow backing with
    height has provided solid low level moisture convergence given Tds
    rising into the low 60s, with some trapped moisture on the
    north-side of the boundary into the mid-60s as far east as Grande
    Island, NEB; reducing sub-cloud evaporation. As such, recent
    trends in KDP analysis show increasing degrees/KM suggesting
    additional higher rainfall rates with reducing near or sub-zero
    values for 'large hail' signatures strongly suggesting increasing
    rainfall efficiency over the last hour or so.=20

    Overall RADAR coverage of convective cores has increased as well
    given numerous left splitting super-cell structures; but with the
    updraft rotation, forward propagation has slowed mainly for the
    right movers to increase residency . While rain-rates are still
    likely inflated due to hail contamination, hourly rates of 1.5-2"
    are becoming more probable given the increasing moisture flux
    convergence due to isallabaric effects. Localized totals of
    1.5-2.5" are becoming increasingly possible but narrowly focused
    along and just north of the stationary front. However, the strong
    drought in the region is resulted in very dry conditions and
    allowing for a solid uptake of those totals, but the rates may
    still be a tad to great locally, resulting in some spots of
    localized flash flooding potential. This will only be exacerbated
    as the upstream MCS cluster sweeps up/merges with the remaining
    super-cells through the early overnight period across
    south-central NEB, with a sub-hourly burst of .75-1" in 15 minutes
    per recent HRRR output resulting in spot or two of 2-3" values
    which is in the range of 1 to 3hr FFG exceedance and localized
    flash flooding is therefore considered possible, more so eastward
    through the MPD area of concern.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4XlChmG_LE-3luG20gQb4qjwQH7bwTkdmvJOtRUNDq3vcXB-1_eD2fJKOb0yKc6dWZMA= vAczv6JUWFHWDSMDeuaQPHE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...GID...GLD...LBF...OAX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41779746 41589658 41009601 40599586 40109621=20
    40059743 39919950 39590085 40280134 40880070=20
    41239990 41649855=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 17 03:31:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 170331
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-IAZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-170720-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0176
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1129 PM EDT Sat May 16 2026

    Areas affected...middle MO RIver to middle MS River Valley

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 170328Z - 170720Z

    Summary...Areas of flash flooding will remain likely across
    portions of southeastern NE, northeastern KS into southwestern IA
    and northwestern MO over the next couple of hours. Locations
    farther east may also experience flash flooding. Peak hourly
    rainfall of 2 to 3+ inches can be expected.

    Discussion...An axis of thunderstorms was oriented roughly west to
    east at 03Z, extending from southeastern NE into northwestern and
    northern MO, with a slow moving MCV in north-central MO along the
    eastern flank of the MCS. A Flash Flood Emergency was recently
    issued for Grundy County, including the city of Trenton where ~6
    to 8 inches of rain has fallen with embedded hourly rainfall over
    3 inches (and 2.5 inches in 30 minutes) at times. Back to the
    west, thunderstorm coverage was increasing over the southeastern
    quadrant of NE, in advance of a forward propagating line segment
    advancing along the central NE/KS border.

    The activity was largely elevated atop a remnant outflow boundary
    which extended ESE from southeastern NE, just south of STJ into
    north-central MO. MUCAPE values were 2000-3000 J/kg via 03Z SPC
    mesoanalysis data and 850 mb VAD wind data at KTWX showed
    strengthening flow between 00-03Z (30 to 55 kt) with further
    strengthening to near 60 kt possible by 06Z. Aloft, flow was
    fairly diffluent/divergent to the south of an 80-100 kt upper jet
    max north of the region. Sufficient shear and instability will
    sustain a mixture of supercells and multicells with a combination
    of slow cell motions, mergers and training leading to high hourly
    rainfall, locally in excess of 3 inches possible over the next 2-4
    hours.

    There are signs in the recent hires guidance that the pattern will
    be disrupted toward 06-07Z, in advance of the forward propagating
    line segment over the NE/KS border as increasing southerly flow
    and forcing shifts northward of the present axis. However, prior
    to that time, another 3-4 hours of locally heavy rain with areas
    of flash flooding will remain likely with an additional 3-5 inches
    of rain possible through 07Z, with a focus in and around the MO
    River Valley.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!760uQl1ohFv2KU1K6qPWh_0aJfvHwirl-l3LZ2hyyMw3Tv0DIsmmzLmmfVFlqTOOG4jb= 94fPrgL7u0SXf38ulDn2Wj4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DMX...DVN...EAX...GID...LSX...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41519233 41169114 39849151 39449302 39519515=20
    39959703 40439746 40809729 41219669 41429459=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 17 03:38:16 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 170338
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-IAZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-170720-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0176...Corrected
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1137 PM EDT Sat May 16 2026

    Corrected for adjustment to capitalization in areas affected

    Areas affected...middle MO River to middle MS River Valley

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 170328Z - 170720Z

    Summary...Areas of flash flooding will remain likely across
    portions of southeastern NE, northeastern KS into southwestern IA
    and northwestern MO over the next couple of hours. Locations
    farther east may also experience flash flooding. Peak hourly
    rainfall of 2 to 3+ inches can be expected.

    Discussion...An axis of thunderstorms was oriented roughly west to
    east at 03Z, extending from southeastern NE into northwestern and
    northern MO, with a slow moving MCV in north-central MO along the
    eastern flank of the MCS. A Flash Flood Emergency was recently
    issued for Grundy County, including the city of Trenton where ~6
    to 8 inches of rain has fallen with embedded hourly rainfall over
    3 inches (and 2.5 inches in 30 minutes) at times. Back to the
    west, thunderstorm coverage was increasing over the southeastern
    quadrant of NE, in advance of a forward propagating line segment
    advancing along the central NE/KS border.

    The activity was largely elevated atop a remnant outflow boundary
    which extended ESE from southeastern NE, just south of STJ into
    north-central MO. MUCAPE values were 2000-3000 J/kg via 03Z SPC
    mesoanalysis data and 850 mb VAD wind data at KTWX showed
    strengthening flow between 00-03Z (30 to 55 kt) with further
    strengthening to near 60 kt possible by 06Z. Aloft, flow was
    fairly diffluent/divergent to the south of an 80-100 kt upper jet
    max north of the region. Sufficient shear and instability will
    sustain a mixture of supercells and multicells with a combination
    of slow cell motions, mergers and training leading to high hourly
    rainfall, locally in excess of 3 inches possible over the next 2-4
    hours.

    There are signs in the recent hires guidance that the pattern will
    be disrupted toward 06-07Z, in advance of the forward propagating
    line segment over the NE/KS border as increasing southerly flow
    and forcing shifts northward of the present axis. However, prior
    to that time, another 3-4 hours of locally heavy rain with areas
    of flash flooding will remain likely with an additional 3-5 inches
    of rain possible through 07Z, with a focus in and around the MO
    River Valley.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6lp2bl8r2tBWDmKe5Xs-dZIdDzoRrojlanQquKmErPU2Z8lJDHRJW0g96IdmGe4yQwmJ= 1N4HSrlVSjiky8mbFPXahyE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DMX...DVN...EAX...GID...LSX...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41519233 41169114 39849151 39449302 39519515=20
    39959703 40439746 40809729 41219669 41429459=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 17 07:47:48 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 170747
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-MOZ000-IAZ000-NEZ000-171300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0177
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    346 AM EDT Sun May 17 2026

    Areas affected...western IA/MO border into IA and southwestern
    WI/northwestern IL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 170745Z - 171300Z

    SUMMARY...Localized flash flooding will remain a possibility
    through 13Z (8 AM CDT) from the western IA/MO border into IA and
    the MS River near the WI/IL border. Hourly rainfall of 1-2 inches
    and localized peak rainfall of 2-4 inches can be expected.

    DISCUSSION...Radar imagery across the middle MO River Valley
    showed a convectively induced vorticity max along the southern
    NE/IA border at 0715Z associated with an eastward bowing line
    segment crossing into southwestern IA and northwestern MO. Areas
    of stratiform rain preceded and followed the bowing segment (which
    has shown signs of weakening over the past 30 minutes), along with
    a few stronger cells near the MO/IA border. However, trends in
    MRMS-derived hourly rainfall showed a reduction in the coverage
    and intensity of high rain rates since 05Z as convective
    development just north of a remnant outflow boundary draped across
    northern MO has reduced.

    Short term forecasts from the RAP indicate the shortwave/vorticity
    max along the southern NE/IA border will track northeastward over
    the next 3-6 hours. Low level overrunning of the remnant
    outflow/effective front in northern MO will continue as the
    mid-level circulation advances toward the northeast beneath
    diffluent and divergent flow in the upper levels. Elevated
    instability of 500 to 1000+ J/kg was estimated over southern IA
    via the 07Z SPC mesoanalysis but these values fall off quickly to
    the north with only modest northward advancement of the elevated
    instability pool through 13Z forecast. Over the next 3-6 hours,
    there will continue to be the potential for short term training
    with 1 to 2 inches of rain in an hour and localized potential for
    2-4 inches through 13Z (8 AM CDT), located near the track of the
    shortwave. While the expected potential for heavy rain over the
    next few hours will be north of areas that experienced flooding
    earlier tonight in northern MO, portions of IA have received 1 to
    3 inches of rain over the past 48 hours which may contribute to
    isolated runoff where overlap of additional heavy rain occurs.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4GSUKMFNjbMh4tO-hoxs6y7pFNqyNKqPmwEgSMHZiECgN2PqEkh6QnZ4Xi3mrGDOUgHH= BdM-up4CIAjmW8DM5mtEfF0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...DVN...EAX...LOT...MKX...OAX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43059094 42929044 42488989 41958968 41528997=20
    41139078 40659201 40059360 40149525 40569575=20
    41139579 42069401 42789210=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 17 20:00:06 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 171959
    FFGMPD
    MNZ000-IAZ000-NEZ000-SDZ000-180200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0178
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    358 PM EDT Sun May 17 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast SD...Eastern NEB...Western IA...Far
    Southwest MN...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 172000Z - 180200Z

    SUMMARY...Increasing available moisture to support higher rainfall
    efficiency over the next few hours (up to 2"/hr). Progressive
    nature may be a limiting factor, but cells will move into a bit
    more prone to FF due to recent rains (esp. South).

    DISCUSSION...19z surface analysis depicts the very dynamic
    environment in place across the Plains this afternoon (given broad southwesterly flow aloft). The southern stream shortwave last
    evening that has progressed into the Great Lakes helped to
    reinforce a tight moisture gradient along the primary west to east
    from from a weak wave in E IA back across central IA to a surface
    wave near an strong cluster of thunderstorms with a history of
    hail and forward progression. CIRA LPW and RAP analysis shows a
    tight, enhanced moisture plume along and south of the boundary
    generally denoted by agitated Cu field (NE NEB, into central IA)
    opposed by north where transverse banding shows the greater
    stabilized area that is a bit drier as well across far NW IA into
    SW MN. Enhanced Tds in through 850mb along with slightly backed
    flow for solid moisture flux transport toward the surface low
    along/ahead of main cold front NE of O'Neil, Neb.

    Solid low level directional convergence has aided maintenance of
    the cluster with strong deep layer moisture convergence signals
    denoting the flux. As the cluster reaches the deeper moisture
    axis, expectation is both increased moisture loading to the
    updrafts helping to broaden downdrafts as well as increase
    rainfall efficiency. Rapid refresh guidance including the HRRR
    and WoFS solutions denote this uptick in the next hour or so with
    sub-hourly intense rates expected; with 15-minute HRRR totals over
    1-1.25" while 5-minute rates in the WoFS over .5", as high as .75"
    consistently across SE SDAK. Deep layer steering and cold frontal
    push are likely to limit residency time but some eastward
    development along the frontal/theta-E axis may break out
    additional downstream cells to help with some repeating to reach
    higher required totals to induce widely scattered incidents of
    flash flooding (2-3" in 1-3hrs).=20=20

    Further expansion of the convection toward the south along and
    north of the stronger 995mb surface low along the NEB/KS will come
    as embedded shortwave in the deeper southwesterly flow approaches
    and upper-level diffluence increases into a developing north-south
    jet streak placing much of the area of concern in favorable
    divergence/outflow environment aloft in the right entrance of said
    jet streak.

    Hydrologically, much of the area remains in solid drought with
    0-40cm ratios in the 20-30%, though scattered activity last night
    did wet a few areas, especially south and east across E NEB and
    through the Missouri River Valley. As noted, above the
    progressive nature will likely limit the overall coverage of flash
    flooding, but the shear intensity with some repeating and possible
    intersection with those wetter upper soils, suggest widely
    scattered flash flooding is possible this evening.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7dwM4qPIPaCm2epJ080lGFFhouAWdHzoYRclS2vg1hWL3BJR43tAvrJ_2Un0Mvx5YDMj= I4jqP5Dz8fofqhCJ4bf1SEg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FSD...GID...OAX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 44499698 44179587 43629534 42319568 41069591=20
    40489702 40519934 40929935 41569836 42459794=20
    42909829 43449867 44209800=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 18 00:59:07 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 180059
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-MNZ000-IAZ000-180600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0180
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    857 PM EDT Sun May 17 2026

    Areas affected...Northern Iowa...Southern Minnesota...Parts of
    Northwest Wisconsin...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 180100Z - 180600Z

    SUMMARY...Increasing convective coverage and increasing moisture
    flux into expanding convective clusters/small MCS features support
    potential for repeating and spots of 2-4". Localized flash
    flooding remains possible through the early overnight period.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV suite depict broad long-wave trough across
    the Inter-mountain West with broad southwesterly flow downstream
    across the Plains. At the apex an expanding convective complex
    shows strong diffluent outflow pattern at the right entrance to
    strengthening jet streak aloft providing broad scale ascent as
    well as strengthening of a broad south-southwest LLJ. At the
    surface the northern surface low/apex of a tight and deep inverted
    surface trough is crossing out of SE SDAK into MN while drawing a
    well defined warm front northward. CIRA LPW and RAP analysis
    notes that core of western Gulf moisture is finally arriving
    northward along and east of the advancing cold front that extends
    from the surface low back across eastern NEB. The cluster in SW
    MN has a very long history of severe and strong isallobaric
    backing influence to maximize moisture flux pulled along and north
    of the surface front, supporting intense but short-term rainfall
    rates near 1.5-2"/hr mostly falling in 15-30 minutes. However,
    given the stronger LLJ and isentropic ascent, downstream
    convection is filling along and northeast where convergence is
    maximized. Deep layer steering flow will allow for some repeating
    of the cores to increase intense rainfall duration over 1-2 hours
    allowing for localized totals to reach 2-3" values.=20

    In addition, a second complex north of a secondary low across NE
    NEB has seen a similar rapid cooling of the cirrus canopy with
    numerous overshooting tops; deeper moisture pool has also
    broadened the downdrafts width as the line matures into a larger
    linear convective complex. While there is a general eastward
    propagation, RADAR and satellite trends suggest there is also a
    potential to repeat/track through similar areas of the northern
    cluster across portions of S MN/N IA. Recent WoFS runs helps to
    confirm this as mean and 90th percentile qpf suggest 2.5-5"
    maximum swath is possible. This provides some confidence that
    spots of 2-4" are becoming increasingly possible through the early
    overnight period.=20

    While NASA SPoRT 0-40cm soil moisture fields show drought is solid
    with ratios running from 25% in NW IA to near 40% in south-central
    MN toward the Twin Cities, the FFG values suggest 1hr rates of
    1.5"/hr and less than 2.5"/3hr could result in flash flooding. If
    that is the case, incidents of flash flooding are possible, but
    given the overall drought conditions would be looking to smaller
    localized incident or two where rates can reach closer to
    1.75-2"/hr, where infiltration would be reduced from the shear
    amount too fast. So given the overall pattern/trends, flash
    flooding continues to be considered possible across the MPD area
    of concern tonight.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6z3vCw4cBcd06sL2vpD6Yb8HccNxiHhZwedU4szunbouCqvjgG3v_xalByDNTvfqKBz2= SOYEEzqR1bhyP_Oz3PWcFVo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...FSD...MPX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 45259218 44609139 43359219 42549394 42299574=20
    42559638 43409586 44359487 45209331=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 18 00:26:33 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 180026
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-IAZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-180600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0179
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    825 PM EDT Sun May 17 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast NEB...Southwest IA...Northwest
    MO...Central to Northeast KS...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 180025Z - 180600Z

    SUMMARY...Training/Back-building cells at apex of dry slot will be
    slow moving while higher moisture flux cells northward will track
    through areas of recently saturated grounds with rates of 1.5"/hr
    and spots of 2-3" totals, pose widely scattered incident or two of
    flash flooding into early overnight period.

    DISCUSSION...00z surface analysis depicts a very deep, but narrow
    surface trough extending from a surface low in SE SD, southward to
    a 993mb low just south of the central NEB/KS border at the nose of
    an equally narrow but very dry slot; simultaneously, a strong
    northern stream cold front is dropping southeastward from the low
    resulting is a very strong surface to boundary layer flow with a
    broad area of 20 to 30kts from the south slowly backing toward the
    frontal zone. This results is a long axis of strong moisture flux
    convergence, especially across SE NEB where Tds are in the high
    60s, tipping toward the low 70s across the Missouri River into
    IA/N MO. While the solid EML is well denoted in the CIRA LPW
    850-700mb layer across much of this areas, return moisture
    wrapped around the apex of the tight inverted trough, is pooled
    along the approaching cold front. So while the steep lapse rates
    are supporting MLCAPEs of 3000-4000 J/kd across E KS into SE NEB,
    there is some entrainment of higher moisture and stronger
    thunderstorms are starting to moisten the mid-layer profile and
    overall rainfall efficiency is starting to increase and will do so
    after sunset.

    Coincident with the inverted trough is a tight 500-1000mb
    thickness ridge the becomes a bit more divergent in isoheight
    lines along and east of the trough axis. This supports reduced
    forward propagation vectors, especially near the surface low and
    south across central KS and with deep layer fairly unidirectional
    flow from the SW, may allow for training/repeating across this
    area while cells/clusters further north will start propagating east-northeastward at a more reasonable rate across E NEB into IA.
    Evaporative loss will limit extreme rates, though the moisture
    flux on the 30+kt inflow should support 1.5"/hr with an
    occasionally uptick to 1.75"+, and may be slightly higher due to
    ingest of smoke particulates from the prairie fires in Clark and
    Meade counties.

    Northward in SE NEB and along the IA/MO border, the heavy rainfall
    last evening has brought FFG values into a range (1-1.5"/hr
    <2"/3hrs) that may be locally exceeded with the clusters moving
    east, suggesting a scattered incident or two of flash flooding
    will be possible through early overnight period. Southward across
    central KS, the unidirectional steering and upwind propagation may
    allow for increased residency; so while this area's soil
    conditions are very dry, the prolonged nature of rainfall with
    localized spots of 2-4" may also result in localized FF. (Note: a
    backyard observation near Dorrance, KS in E Russell county saw
    just below 2" in the last hour). So all considering, a few spots
    of flash flooding are considered possible across the MPD area of
    concern through the overnight period.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5IInHaJaZZMwD3wa0TaLpebr92Hz9Aevw48MwlnPPZbxy9I-twDjBNXJPhPeOPj8Va6D= _El-L9tZjN8AHI9Tq73wSfU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DDC...DMX...EAX...GID...ICT...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42169490 42079412 41929340 41309302 40119334=20
    39529611 38429803 38269948 38889946 39559824=20
    40669796 41839753 42149622=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 18 06:14:12 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 180614
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-KSZ000-181016-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0181
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    213 AM EDT Mon May 18 2026

    Areas affected...central/eastern KS into western MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 180612Z - 181016Z

    Summary...Flash flooding is likely to focus in one or two
    locations from central to eastern KS into western MO through 10Z.
    Training will likely result in 1-2 in/hr rates (locally higher)
    with additional totals over 4 inches possible through 10Z on an
    isolated basis.

    Discussion...06Z radar imagery showed that an axis of elevated
    thunderstorms extended from near LYO, ENE into northwestern MO
    near MCI, just north and west of an outflow boundary. Training of
    thunderstorms in central KS has resulted in MRMS-derived rainfall
    of 3 to 9 inches over the past 6 hours from southern Rush County
    into northwestern Ottawa County, though some of that could be high
    due to hail contamination. However, there was at least one
    Wunderground PWS with 7.26" to the southwest of Lincoln ending
    0555Z.

    Current satellite trends in IR imagery showed the coldest cloud
    tops were slowly shifting east, coinciding with an area of strong
    upper level jet induced divergence and diffluence tied to a
    strengthening jet max extending from the west-central KS/NE border
    into the lower Northern Plains.

    A strong southerly low level jet of 50 to 65+ kt was seen in VAD
    wind plots at 850 mb from northern OK into southern KS, lifting
    atop the outflow boundary, with deeper layer wind vectors
    supporting SW to NE training at times. Steep mid-level lapse rates
    of 8-9 C/km were observed in 00Z soundings at OKC, TOP and SGF,
    supporting MUCAPE values between 3000 and 4000 J/kg. Veering of
    the low level jet through 10Z is forecast, as the outflow boundary
    likely continues to advance southeastward, supporting continued
    elevated thunderstorms with areas of training.

    While increased convective inhibition with southward extent may
    limit how far south convection will reach, inhibition for
    locations farther east is forecast to remain weak. Therefore,
    while flash flooding is not expected to be widespread, areas of
    training are likely to focus high rain rates and focused flash
    flooding from central to eastern KS into far western MO through
    10Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9_RvCK6VLD4SB8BJ7eXu9AFwKpyKQrJlac0mfDlhgLRBiWn6vCF-Guud2ENHWy1mM4cp= KrE-2EKhci4PgDhqBTBD8ak$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DDC...EAX...ICT...SGF...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40009416 39409365 38369394 37779489 37539666=20
    37369932 38089966 38849841 39509698 39779589=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 18 10:03:41 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 181003
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-KSZ000-181500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0182
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    602 AM EDT Mon May 18 2026

    Areas affected...eastern KS into western/southwestern MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 181000Z - 181500Z

    Summary...While some uncertainty remains, concerns are increasing
    for possible flash flooding later this morning over
    western/southwestern MO into portions of eastern KS. Hourly
    rainfall of 1 to 2+ inches and 3 to 4 inches in 3 hours will be
    possible through 15Z (10 AM CDT).

    Discussion...0930Z radar imagery and surface observations showed
    that the southwestern end of an elongated outflow boundary has
    stalled over central KS, while it continued to steadily advance
    southeastward through MO. Showers and thunderstorms continued to
    develop on the cool side of the boundary over eastern KS and
    central MO as a strong southerly low level jet (LLJ) over KS/OK/MO
    overruns the well-defined boundary. While the LLJ has weakened and
    veered some over the central KS/OK border (less favorable angle to
    the outflow boundary), some recent strengthening was observed at
    the KINX VAD wind at 09Z to over 70 kt (but it as backed off a bit
    since then). Meanwhile, disorganized shower/thunderstorm activity
    has picked up over the past 45 minutes over southwestern MO,
    perhaps aided by lift ahead of a vort max observed lifting NNE
    from the southern OK/AR border on water vapor imagery. Steep
    mid-level lapse rates of 7 to 8+ C/km were contributing to sizable
    MUCAPE over 2000 J/kg from southeastern KS into central MO. Aloft,
    flow remained highly diffluent between the polar and sub-tropical
    jet streams aloft.

    While recent runs of the HRRR and RRFS have struggled to properly
    handle the outflow boundary's southward propagation, they have
    been consistent with an uptick in convective vigor over the next
    3-6 hours, favoring the southwestern flank of the outflow near the
    southern KS/MO border. It is here that the LLJ (though weakening)
    will focus from northeastern OK into southwestern MO into and atop
    the KS/MO outflow boundary. The environment will favor training
    with 1 to 2+ inches of rain in an hour and potential for 3 to 4
    inches of rain in 3 hours or less. While flash flood guidance is
    quite high over much of the region, some limited/isolated flash
    flood potential will exist through 15Z and perhaps continue into
    the early afternoon.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_UvjHrcgw5M0uUTr5HEaIVMm2x5FP0eHz_MxqwBVy80NNb9mokYis-w2AcVN15ETHQ0n= veVfgwkacB-bhK5SD-Y-Bp0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...ICT...LSX...SGF...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39039508 39009309 38669248 38179217 37279244=20
    36919354 37219542 37739683 37789774 38199784=20
    38789717 38949649=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 18 15:36:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 181536
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-KSZ000-182134-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0183
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1135 AM EDT Mon May 18 2026

    Areas affected...southern/central Missouri through southern
    Illinois

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 181534Z - 182134Z

    Summary...Heavy rainfall will likely continue through 21Z along
    and north of the I-44 corridor, with areas of flash flooding
    possible.

    Discussion...A mature, elongated MCS continues to provide areas of
    training thunderstorms along an axis from near Fort Scott,
    KS/Nevada, MO east-northeastward through Saint Louis Metro and
    into south-central Illinois. The MCS has become a bit more
    perpendicular to southwesterly low-level flow (around 40-45 kts at
    850mb), supporting repeating/training convection. The elevated
    nature of the convection suggests seems to have limited rainfall
    rates to only around 1 inch/hr in a few spots. However, the
    persistence of convection (likely supported by an approaching
    shortwave from the Arkansas Ozarks) should likely continue
    reinforcing the mature cold pool and resulting in several more
    hours of occasionally heavy rainfall.

    While rain rates may not breach 1-hr FFG thresholds on a
    widespread basis, it appears possible that 2.5 inch/3-hr rates
    could be achieved at times along this axis. This should result in
    at least isolated flash flood potential - particularly in any
    low-lying and urban parts of the discussion area. Again, the
    rainfall/flash flood potential will likely continue through at
    least 21Z/4p CDT.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6d_3BeLUcvVriflbiqgnKPI48aIn6bliiJ9cBiWF2GKyCR4mpyal7mOikjM5djhbmbbh= Q07Cwkwiypv0XwgJRbycXQc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...ILX...LSX...PAH...SGF...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TIR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40018956 39938838 39348784 38518808 37868904=20
    37189093 37139355 37549452 38229469 38749458=20
    39069390 39649156=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 18 17:21:54 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 181721
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-KYZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-182320-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0184
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    120 PM EDT Mon May 18 2026

    Areas affected...portions of Indiana, far southeast Illinois, and
    far southwest Ohio

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 181720Z - 182320Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential is increasing especially across
    central and southern Indiana.

    Discussion...A mature convective complex was making steady
    eastward progress into western and central Indiana over the past
    hour per radar mosaic imagery. The southern flank of this MCS was
    oriented more of a WSW-ENE fashion over southern Illinois, leading
    to areas of training. Furthermore, a shortwave trough evident in satellite/objective analyses over northern Arkansas was helping to
    initiate convection along and south of the leading edge of the
    MCS, with several areas of mergers and 2-2.5 inch/hr rain rates
    (per MRMS) estimated southwest of Terra Haute (just south of
    Effingham).

    The overall scenario for flash flooding will translate eastward
    through the afternoon, with occasional spots of 1-2.5 inch/hr rain
    rates where training/merging is most pronounced. The rates will
    fall on areas of wet soils from prior rainfall, with FFG
    thresholds of 1.5 inch/hr at risk of being exceeded on at least an
    isolated basis. Low-level flow drops off considerably with
    eastward extent into Ohio, which lends some doubt/uncertainty on
    eastward persistence of convection. Should the convective complex
    remain organized, slightly lower FFGs over Ohio would suggest a
    continued, yet isolated flash flood threat there.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4L-CrEcpou9u14sn7VEarQ3qO4exrqegjdwzFRPD68CCfI-emlXJAst9ApVJY7-mAc9U= 9H4CbQL__YxCqgffEW0YHDc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ILN...ILX...IND...IWX...LMK...PAH...

    ATTN...RFC...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40438600 40438459 40228421 39648397 39128462=20
    38388651 38438819 39668793 40078728=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 18 18:47:05 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 181846
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-190000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0185
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    246 PM EDT Mon May 18 2026

    Areas affected...Central and Northeast Kansas...Far Southeast
    Nebraska...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 181845Z - 190000Z

    SUMMARY...Severe Super-cells will have significant moisture flux
    convergence to support localized rates over 2"/hr. Given
    compromised upper soil conditions, localized flash flooding
    conditions are considered possible in proximity to other severe
    weather hazards.

    DISCUSSION...SPC MCD 771 solidly describes the mesoscale setup to
    produce strong updrafts and super-cell structures through the
    afternoon period. Strong updrafts supported by MLCAPEs in excess
    of 3500 J/kg; while driven by steep/dry lapse rates are also being
    fed in the surface to boundary layer by well above average
    moisture values (CIRA LPW values are at period of record
    [2013-present] maximum values for most of the area). Values in
    the .75-1" range confirmed by surface Tds of upper 60s to low 70s
    are being advected at greater than 20-25kts into the front.=20
    Surface low west of KCNK has backed the flow slightly to increase
    surface moisture convergence/flux to very strong values. Combined
    through depth and IVT values are well over 1000 kg/m/s per CW3E
    plots.

    Convective initiation is occurring near the surface wave and
    southward through the cold front to around KGRD. Strong SRH will
    allow for convective mode for super-cell structures, likely with
    broad updrafts/downdrafts and given slight right turning, should
    reduce forward cell motions increasing residency time.=20
    Additionally, the isallobaric influences will further accelerate
    inflow and moisture flux convergence to overcome modest overall
    deep moisture (~1.5 TPW, currently), but will steadily increase to
    support 2"/hr rates...with HRRR 15-minute rainfall totals forecast
    in excess of 1.25", eventually reaching 1.5"/15 minutes by 22-23z
    time frame.

    As they mature along the front and toward the northeast, some left
    splitters and general northeast cell motions may allow for some overlap/repeating...so spots of 2-3" totals are becoming possible
    through 00z across NE KS into SE NEB. Given the recent heavy
    rainfall in the area, the 0-40cm soils have become much further
    saturated ranging from 50% to near 75% in far SE NEB. As such,
    FFG values are reduced with 1hr values less than 1.5" across much
    of NE KS, SE NEB, SW IA and N MO; with a narrow axis across
    Ottawa to Ness county that saw over 5" in spots. Given the
    scattered nature of the super-cells initially (before sunset)
    localized flash flooding is considered possible.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4TUv9HX-IwzVxgy5IzlGLffafe0fsF8LSmJKdfQYgZTH-_6tDr1N8t9_1LVyyQU3DHZt= p-2MXNurHa_EnIBsqJVgni8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DDC...EAX...ICT...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40559578 40119531 39249571 38679693 38309783=20
    38009886 38419904 39229789 39689744 40549667=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 18 20:56:51 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 182056
    FFGMPD
    KYZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-MOZ000-190245-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0186
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    455 PM EDT Mon May 18 2026

    Areas affected...Southern MO...Southern IL...Southern IND...Adj.
    Northwestern KY...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 182100Z - 190245Z

    SUMMARY...Continued over-running redevelopment within favorable repeating/training flow regime will continue potential for
    1.5-2"/hr rates and additional 2-3" streaks in proximity to areas
    currently flooding or approaching. As such, localized incidents
    of new or renewed flash flooding are likely through evening.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR mosaic and 21z surface analysis
    denotes the main push of the squall line and stronger
    thunderstorms from the Lower Peninsula of MI across NW OH into far
    SE IND before the boundary orients more parallel to the deeper
    steering flow aloft and acts more of an outflow boundary and
    isentropic ascent surface from around KBAK, IND across IL passing
    KLWV to KMVN before passing KFAM, TBN across S MO and fading to
    the mean environment just north of KFSK in E KS. South of which
    broad south to southwesterly flow with unseasonably high (ten-year
    climo maximum, per CIRA LPW) low level moisture with Tds in the
    upper 60s to low 70s along the length. CIRA LPW notes that the
    surface to 850mb layer is very broad back into the central Plains,
    but the keep to the higher moisture flux occurs with the core of
    the 850-700 and 700-500mb layers over eastern AR through southern
    IL resulting in total PWats at or just above 2" across S IL with
    1.75" extending back through the Ozark plateau.

    While GOES-E WV suite shows the main shortwave/vorticity center
    exiting across the central Great Lakes (aiding forward propagating
    squall line across OH), there does remain favorable divergence
    aloft within the right entrance of the jet across N MO into a 90
    kt speed max across WI; which continues to drive the broad and
    generally confluent LLJ to maximize convergence along the upwind
    edge of the outflow boundary. RAP analysis still shows a source
    of 1500-2000 J/kg across the Ozark Plateau into S IL; though with
    some capping remaining. The convergence along the isentropic
    surface still aids scattered convective initiation and maintenance
    from south-central MO. This will continue to develop in the
    favorable ascent regime and with ample deep layer moisture should
    remain fairly effective with 1.75"/hr rates occasionally
    increasing to 2" with strongest updrafts.=20

    As noted above, the deep layer steering flow remains parallel to
    the ascent plane and only subtly south of the earlier axis of
    convective activity. The overlap with the saturated/actively
    flooding areas of southern MO into S IL and SW IND, have a solid
    potential of renewing localized flash flooding through the evening
    as the core of the warm conveyor belt and mid to upper-level
    forcing shift eastward. Streaks of additional 2-3" totals
    (isolated locally 4" psbl) may further expand the risk of inducing
    new incidents of flash flooding further south of the initial axis
    as well. This may also affect some flash flood prone urban
    centers along the Ohio River as well, if cold pool/outflow
    generation is stronger than currently forecast...so have included
    portions of NW KY and extended the MPD, though the band is more
    likely to remain north.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6ziynu1zP-SbFbJeBhzuOm8b99ld3T41fgdEgBimPymBpylSD-WI_iRpWyhKys-tLEkL= Ec09Rw21XThQARnG1TaKJSU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ILN...ILX...IND...LMK...LSX...PAH...SGF...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39918552 39138483 38298507 37758607 37238839=20
    37059076 37249252 37589377 38139360 39039122=20
    39388880 39748743=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 18 23:02:34 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 182302
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-IAZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-190500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0187
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    701 PM EDT Mon May 18 2026

    Areas affected...Southwest IA...Southeast NEB...Northwest
    MO...Central & Northeast KS...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 182300Z - 190500Z

    SUMMARY...Strong moisture flux convergence will help to spur
    upscale growth from individual supercells to larger clusters with
    increasing rainfall potential and coverage. Rates of 2"/hr+ and
    localized totals of 2-4" (isolated 5"), especially across areas
    recently saturated are likely to result in increasing incidents of
    flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...22z surface analysis and RADAR mosaic have changed
    very little over the last few hours though the dryline has surged
    out of the OK/TX panhandles and helped concentrate southerly moist
    flux to expand convective initiation well into south-central KS.=20
    Main clusters of supercells have are at bit more progressive out
    of southeast NEB with some eastward turning and increasing
    coverage and has started to move out of MPD 185 area of concern
    into SW IA and far NW MO. Additionally, the remainder of the
    cold front from the northern inflection E of Lincoln, NEB and
    secondary low near Salina, KS has filled in with broadening
    up/downdrafts; as such total PWats have increased along the cold
    front as the total column moistens with this increasing coverage.=20
    Tds in the 70s and sub-boundary layer LPW values near 1" along
    with 20-30kts of southerly flow continue to provide strong
    moisture flux to encourage increasing rainfall efficiency over the
    next few hours.

    GOES-E WV shows the upper level jet streak is currently rounding
    the base of the negative tilt up-level trof over the Northern
    Plains and as a result, upper level divergence pattern will
    further increase over the next few hours within strengthening DPVA
    and right entrance ascent patterns across the frontal zone. This
    should support further upscale growth of the cells toward clusters
    as we near sunset. Cold pool generation, right-turning
    supercells, should support further storm-scale interaction for
    more eastward propagation allowing some increased short-term
    training/repeating (as noted with clusters in NW MO already). As
    such localized streaks of 2-4" totals will become more likely.

    Across the MPD area a broadening/divergent of the 500-1000
    thickness fields suggests east to southeast forward propagation
    with time as well; increasing orthogonal flanking line
    intersection to expand back-building potential. This
    slowing/turning could be the greatest further south along the
    upstream edge near the nose of the dryline/cold front where
    steering flow is just a tad weaker overall aloft and support
    longer residency times. Of course, south-central KS will require
    this longer residency given the area has missed out on the
    complexes/heavy rainfall over the weekend.=20

    While severe/tornadic hazards remain the primary concern
    currently, this will transition toward flash flooding and given
    the majority of the area (north of 38.5N latitude) has FFG values
    at or below the hourly expected rates (1-1.75"/hr) and generally
    less than 2.5"/3hrs. As such, incidents of flash flooding will
    become more likely and with greater overall coverage. Hi-Res CAMs
    including the WoFS/HRRR continue to suggest very intense
    sub-hourly totals (1.5"/15 minutes per HRRR) and isolated totals
    of 5".=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_k5xgZhLf7L-8NSAQvbjntdQ-T2kymdmVNQgK1iHUxefJgzd01xOQfhfC0sU7QRxPWKj= oQ_Km8qG3G4MUsdaJdSyab0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DMX...EAX...ICT...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41899371 41709307 41259253 40579249 40039284=20
    39029379 38049551 37489790 37969841 38759779=20
    40729682 41509594 41829502=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 19 05:02:34 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 190502
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-191000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0188
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    101 AM EDT Tue May 19 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern OK into southeastern KS,
    southwestern/central MO and northwestern AR

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 190457Z - 191000Z

    Summary...Isolated to widely scattered instances of flash flooding
    will be possible through 10Z from northeastern OK into
    southeastern KS, southwestern to central MO, and perhaps far
    northwestern AR. Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches is expected, but
    values may locally exceed 2 inches.

    Discussion...04Z surface observations showed a cold front
    extending from northeastern KS into northwestern OK and the
    northern TX Panhandle, preceded by a line of thunderstorms which
    arced from central MO into southeastern KS. An outflow boundary
    was located at the leading edge of the thunderstorms with a faster
    southeast motion over MO as compared to KS, allowing convective
    line orientation to match that of the mean steering flow from the
    WSW, supporting training and hourly rain of 1 to 2+ inches. 04Z
    SPC mesoanalysis data showed 1000 J/kg MLCAPE in central MO,
    increasing to as much as 3000 J/kg MLCAPE in north-central OK,
    west of I-35, out ahead of the outflow boundary.

    A strong southerly low level jet was observed over central OK (65
    kt at 850 mb VAD wind plots from KTLX and KINX), veering and
    weakening slightly into MO. This orientation will favor the best
    angle (closest to orthogonal) into the southward sagging boundary
    over OK where continued convective development is likely as the
    front/outflow move south over the next few hours. The convective
    line orientation will support WNW to ENE training at times with 1
    to 2+ in/hr rainfall and possible flash flooding from an
    additional 2 to 4+ inches through 09Z. Flash flood potential will
    be increased should training overlap with urban locations or
    lowered flash flood guidance due to heavy rain over the past 24
    hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8v38Pb97uNhb3tglFBsnMhOOeYQ3jUBEHeJ3oyqH4BhmH5-qkqPHeGpRotGvamrnTi-D= mRp7SwVKYmhaEwVc6tg8Lpo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...ICT...LSX...OUN...SGF...TOP...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 38989302 38819179 37939125 37089184 36359389=20
    35899567 35629673 35779761 36699814 37629629=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 19 14:09:04 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 191409
    FFGMPD
    ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-191930-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0190
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1008 AM EDT Tue May 19 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast Oklahoma and Northeast Texas into
    Arkansas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 191407Z - 191930Z

    Summary...Isolated flash flooding possible over southeast Oklahoma
    into northeast Texas and southwest Arkansas through the early
    afternoon. Slowing progression of organized thunderstorms should
    allow hourly rainfall of 1 to 3 inches with up to 4 inches
    possible in three hours over this previously parched area.

    Discussion...Prefrontal organized activity over southeast OK is
    oriented parallel to the southwesterly low level flow. This has
    caused a slowing to progression and longer duration of heavy rain
    over east-central OK. Continued new development merging in with
    this line will allow a flash flood threat to shift to northeast TX
    through midday. MLCAPE of 3000 J/kg and PW of 1.6 inches will
    maintain rapid development and heavy rainfall rates of 2 to
    possibly 3 inches per hour. This area has been dry for the past
    week, so flash flood guidance is quite high. Flash flooding should
    be restricted to the areas with the highest rainfall and in
    urbanized areas that get at least a few inches. Recent RRFS runs
    have been heavier than the HRRR which seem reasonble as the HRRRs
    have been underdoing current activity. Areas ahead of the cold
    front will continue to be monitored given the unstable and moist
    environment.

    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9xGuIJ2sMD90LaTgorzLktrKt6RVD1OvJZUQlQ2LZ3QMW6ZLHSY1HiM57fhH0FwvvcMQ= J3do1pGPsLfu2EoXT0jejaQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LZK...OUN...SHV...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35429542 35409467 35079390 34609344 33679353=20
    32479558 32549776 33609832 34629744 35189636=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 19 13:19:00 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 191318
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-OKZ000-191830-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0189
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    917 AM EDT Tue May 19 2026

    Areas affected...Ozarks

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 191317Z - 191830Z

    Summary...Scattered instances of flash flooding likely, with
    possible localized considerable impact, over the Ozarks rest of
    the morning. Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches is expected to
    continue with 3 to 4 inches possible in three hours.

    Discussion...A cold front continues to push southeast toward the
    ozarks with prefrontal organized activity still with two distinct
    areas currently over northern AR and over eastern OK. The junction
    of these two MCSs caused 2-5" rainfall near the OK/MO border early
    this morning with rainfall rates of 1-2"/hr still occurring over
    southwest MO and northern AR. An MCV is likely to develop in the
    left bookend from the OK MCS that generally works its way east
    along the MO/AR border rest of the morning. SWly low level flow is
    parallel to the outflow from eastern OK which should allow for an
    additional round of heavy rainfall. This area is quite dry with
    high flash flood guidance, but the Ozarks are a known flash flood
    prone area with the terrain and high runoff, so there are concerns
    for considerable impacts from 2-4" in a few hours.

    1500 J/kg MLCAPE and 1.8" PW with SWly flow of 20-25kt is
    sufficient to support repeating heavy thunderstorms along over
    much of the Ozarks rest of this morning. Recent HRRR and RRFS runs
    appear to be under analyzing the left bookend/MCV development
    risk. Those models place greater QPF focus over southeastern OK
    where activity is currently progressive.

    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9p7M17PwHANKTj4SqP95rmq8I3uH44ydydOuRRCmXMKTbHDF8N_9un3S5Eb-JGq8UVIP= DDi480Aqeu3o705JM5j-9E0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LZK...SGF...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36919319 36699203 36449141 35449183 35079313=20
    35239454 35969486 36529458 36899422=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 19 17:50:32 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 191750
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-192330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0191
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    149 PM EDT Tue May 19 2026

    Areas affected...Central Texas and Concho Valley

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 191748Z - 192330Z

    Summary...Additional instances of isolated flash flooding possible
    over northwest Texas/the Concho Valley into Central Texas through
    the afternoon. Thunderstorms developing along/just behind a cold
    front should continue to produce hourly rainfall of 1 to 2.5
    inches with up to 4 inches possible in three hours over this
    previously parched area.

    Discussion...Frontal activity has rapidly redeveloped along/behind
    a cold front near San Angelo. Earlier activity west of Abilene
    became stationary as low level flow fed it, allowing 3-4 inch
    maxima. The newer activity is more scattered in nature, but given
    the abundant instability (MLCAPE of 3500 J/kg) and moisture
    pooling along the front (1.4 to 1.6 inch PW from west to east in
    the drawn threat area) should continue to rapidly develop and
    could congeal into a more organized cluster in the lower shear
    environment (20-25kt effective shear).=20

    The HRRR continues to struggle with convection today with
    difficulty maintaining this central/NW Texas activity while the
    RRFS has a better handle on reality and seems reasonable with
    scattered output of 1.5 to 4 inches through 00Z across central and
    western portions of the drawn threat area.

    All of southern Plains have been dry for the past week which may
    allow increased runoff depending on the local soil type. Flash
    flood guidance is high, generally 2.5 inches per hour, so the
    flash flood risk should remain isolated through the afternoon.
    Activity should continue to shift south with the cold front, so
    followup discussions should be south of this area.

    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9PuE01FVqLsWcYrZKj-3Sno7EK4KS0V6esu-LmVasF3gtUITxSn883ddFDcg9iOhI5wo= FIJoNaGc1EdtBlFkLupiYf4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32899797 32599726 31739728 31009795 30739923=20
    30600018 30800175 31470179 31830151 31910036=20
    32279940 32629863=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 19 19:43:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 191943
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-200141-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0192
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    342 PM EDT Tue May 19 2026

    Areas affected...north/northeast Texas, southwestern Arkansas,
    northern Louisiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 191941Z - 200141Z

    Summary...A slow-moving complex of thunderstorms will continue to
    produce local areas of 1-2 inch/hr rain rates. Isolated flash
    flood issues are possible -- especially in low-lying and urban
    areas -- through 0130Z/830p central.

    Discussion...A mature, linear convective complex was making slow
    southward movement across north/northeast Texas and the ArkLaTex
    region over the past hour. The slow movement was occurring due to
    weak steering flow aloft, slow propagation and expansion of a cold
    pool upstream of convection, and continued, renewed updrafts along
    the leading edge of the gust front. The airmass downstream of the
    complex was strongly unstable (2000-2500 J/kg MLCAPE) and weakly
    inhibited (negligible cap). These factors, along with the
    presence of a weak mid-level wave over east Texas, should continue
    to support scattered convection along and ahead of the complex for
    the next several hours.

    Slow movement and propagation has led to areas of 1-1.5 inch/hr
    rain rates at times, with isolated 2 inch/hr spots near the most
    persistent convection. This is generally lower that FFG
    thresholds areawide, suggesting that any flash flood threat should
    be tied to sensitive/urban terrain and mostly isolated in nature.=20
    Occasional cell mergers should result in brief local peaks in rain
    rates - especially with continued heating and ascent from the
    mid-level wave near the region. Convection should reach the I-20
    corridor in northeast Texas/north Louisiana over the next 2-4
    hours (2130-2330Z).

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6ZAPFXnApdZj3yMlqvhhFcxkPa9cb9xwebc8N5Na5H78oEIPaHL-l6yDCZshhF3Guwzh= gGVamI0QoX0NCvIdA6kdbqU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...HGX...JAN...LCH...LZK...OUN...SHV...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35059191 33339167 32279193 31719240 30909412=20
    30699712 32089801 33139811 33669680 33679670=20
    34009564 34329428 34959291=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 19 23:32:12 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 192332
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-200530-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0193
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    731 PM EDT Tue May 19 2026

    Areas affected...portions of west and central Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 192330Z - 200530Z

    Summary...Slow-moving thunderstorms continue to produce high rain
    rates - locally exceeding 2 inches/hr at times. Flash flooding is
    likely on at least a localized basis.

    Discussion...In the last half hour, an east-west oriented band of
    cellular convection has intensified rapidly along an axis from
    near Big Lake, TX east to near Llano, with other scattered
    convection northeast of that axis (west of Waco) and also just
    north of the Big Bend area. These storms were focusing along a
    very slow-moving cold front in that vicinity. Furthermore, very
    strong mid-level lapse rates (exceeding 8C/km) and near 70F
    dewpoints were contributing to 3000-4000 J/kg MLCAPE, further
    supporting strong updrafts. Weak steering flow was evident (only
    20 knots or so at 500mb), enabling convection to exhibit slow and
    at times erratic storm motions. Moisture/instability profiles
    were supporting local 2-2.5 inch/hr rain rates that were
    approaching FFG.

    Overall increasing convective trends are likely to continue amid a
    subtle increase in low-level flow into the aforementioned front
    through the evening hours. Slow/erratic storm motions are likely
    to continue with this activity, though upscale growth into a
    convective complex appears probable as cold pools mature and
    merge. Models hint at additional convection emanating from
    northern Mexican higher terrain that may also organize and merge
    with pre-existing convection across the discussion area and pose a
    flash flood risk. Areas of 2-3 inch/hr rain rates are likely to
    continue on at least a localized basis, posing a flash flood
    threat especially in sensitive locales. 5 inch totals are also
    possible. This threat is likely to continue through 05Z/midnight
    central time, and a gradual eastward and/or southeastward shift in
    flash flood potential should materialize, though this evolution is
    likely highly dependent on how quickly storms can grow upscale
    during the evening. Locally significant impacts are possible in sensitive/flood-prone areas.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5BnUTs18pNt79v1mrxFp1RI9sJob9cGID-yuhkGXdQhZExVWaWBLtEObLxJzhPJ7HSxo= 0ybwYKM-wB9jz9wB3vZCJJQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...FWD...HGX...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32169913 32029761 31589676 31199632 30409619=20
    29599647 28919807 28499958 28340015 29080082=20
    29660173 29460284 29830317 30790276 31910120=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 19 23:55:48 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 192355
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-KYZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-200353-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0194
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    754 PM EDT Tue May 19 2026

    Areas affected...southern Indiana, southwestern Ohio, northern
    Kentucky

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 192353Z - 200353Z

    Summary...Scattered thunderstorms were exhibiting localized
    training, with rates increasing to about 1 inch/hr on a localized
    basis. Isolated instances of flash flooding are possible.

    Discussion...Scattered thunderstorms were migrating eastward at a
    decent pace across the discussion area this afternoon (~30 knots).
    Storms in Ohio were organized into forward-propagating bands,
    though upstream areas over Indiana into southwestern Ohio were
    exhibiting slightly more favorable orientation for local training.
    The convective orientation was favoring areas 1 inch/hr rain
    rates on an isolated/spotty basis across the region, which was
    approaching rather low FFG thresholds across the region due to wet
    soils from prior rainfall the past few days.

    Current trends suggest that an isolated flash flood risk will
    exist for at least another couple hours. 1500-2000 J/kg MLCAPE
    values and 1.9 inch PW values should sustain thunderstorms with
    efficient rainfall rates at times through sunset. Thereafter, the
    combination of surface cooling, convective overturning, and an
    approaching front from the west should lead in a downtick in
    convective coverage and attendant flash flood potential. Peak
    risk will exist from now through around 03Z/11p eastern or so.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7Xq3kNuwUw8o0r4ib0YG7-HzIp87oQ6zkIH3E170SVZlDdZOcThaeQRxDGk7Pch8VxLH= c9LukOjbCkNkimrj4qU6JoQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ILN...ILX...IND...LMK...PAH...

    ATTN...RFC...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40188453 40048307 39338280 38688362 38318491=20
    38128631 38118760 38638758 39088725 39628635=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 20 04:15:39 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 200415
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-200815-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0195
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1214 AM EDT Wed May 20 2026

    Areas affected...southwestern to central MS

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 200413Z - 200815Z

    Summary...Brief training of heavy rain may allow for localized
    hourly rainfall of 2 to 3+ inches from southwestern to central MS
    over the next 2-4 hours. Localized flash flooding may result,
    especially if overlap occurs within urban centers along I-55 from
    Jackson to McComb.

    Discussion...04Z radar imagery and surface observations showed a
    NNE to SSW oriented line of thunderstorms moving east from western
    MS along an outflow boundary. The environment was quite moist and
    unstable with PWs between 1.8 and 2.1 inches along with 500-1500
    J/kg MLCAPE as seen in the 00Z JAN sounding and 03Z SPC
    mesoanalysis. The outflow boundary is expected to continue to
    slowly but steadily move east over the next couple of hours but
    recent development out ahead of the outflow in southwestern MS
    near the LA border may support localized higher hourly rainfall
    values aided by short term training. Where training sets up, the
    environment supports the potential for 2 to 3+ inches of rain in
    an hour and totals near 4 inches. Given the fairly high flash
    flood guidance, this threat should likely be more urban in nature
    or within other poorly draining locations.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-QXuIH5NQ7qC8QriiroSiKSFLqL9MVHxJJMa0lcAkNUWJ9_F09jgH9rSzliX55m3S2oQ= MQrZB7FhEs7A6R-qY8RGglg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LIX...

    ATTN...RFC...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33398994 33018939 31359022 30949071 31019132=20
    31449136 32039098 32769069=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 20 05:52:23 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 200552
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-201150-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0196
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    151 AM EDT Wed May 20 2026

    Areas affected...south-central TX to middle TX coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 200550Z - 201150Z

    SUMMARY...Over the next 3-6 hours, localized flash flooding will
    be possible over south-central TX to the middle TX coast due to
    high rainfall rates locally exceeding 2 to 3 in/hr at times and
    isolated storm total rainfall over 5 inches possible.

    DISCUSSION...0515Z radar imagery showed a roughly west-east
    oriented line of thunderstorms stretching from Kinney County to
    Brazoria County. These storms were located along a composite
    outflow boundary, sinking south, with an inflection point over
    Colorado County due to prior merging of two outflow boundaries. An
    northern bookend vortex/MCV feature, currently over Burleson
    County, has been associated with some of the highest rainfall
    rates with this complex. It is with this feature where
    MRMS-derived rates had been 2 to 3+ inches per hour for a few
    hours and local Wunderground sites near I-35 reported closer to 4
    inches in an hour between 00-02Z.

    High rain rates tied to the east-southeastward tracking MCV
    feature over Burleson County are expected to wane over time as it
    becomes further displaced from the better instability to the
    south. Going forward, the outflow boundary is forecast to continue
    dropping south with time into moderately strong MLCAPE of
    2000-4000 J/kg and PWs of 1.8 to 2.1 inches via 05Z SPC
    mesoanalysis data. While the outflow's exact motion remains
    uncertain, given the convective line's orientation is not a
    straight line, links/bends and short-term training will be
    possible as it advances generally southward. 850-300 mb and 0-6 km
    mean layer winds are less than or equal to 15 kt which will be
    supportive of slow cell motions at times just behind or perhaps
    just ahead of the outflow should pre-"frontal" cells form within
    the highly unstable environment. Localized flash flooding may
    result, including over a stripe of higher soil moisture due to 2
    to 4+ inches of rain which fell early Tuesday morning from Aransas
    to Corpus Christi Bay and westward.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6NX8hoVVmHJU-AZsF_YmMKPPVpyjpk0FfS99gLoSzn9YcYOidzlE--Jokl8NxLX16CqJ= ZRKEOMx7aZ60_kwXpULy9ik$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BRO...CRP...EWX...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30409616 30379581 29519542 29159485 28759501=20
    28239599 27799670 27359740 27339875 27679991=20
    28730064 28990033 29019972 29039796 29519692=20
    30009652 30259646=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 21 01:10:23 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 210110
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-210708-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0200
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    909 PM EDT Wed May 20 2026

    Areas affected...portions of western through central Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 210108Z - 210708Z

    Summary...Scattered thunderstorms are beginning to expand in
    coverage south of San Angelo. These storms may ultimately form a
    complex that spreads areas of 2 inch/hr rain rates across portions
    of the Hill Country overnight. Flash flooding is expected on at
    least an isolated basis.

    Discussion...Scattered thunderstorms are expanding in coverage
    along an axis from near Ozona to near Menard - or along and just
    north of I-10. The storms are associated with 1) a bowing complex
    that originated from higher terrain over the TransPecos and 2)
    along a remnant boundary/front from prior convection yesterday.=20
    Storms were generally migrating eastward, but embedded in an
    environment with steep lapse rates (downstream of an EML over far
    west Texas) and supported by ~1500 J/kg MLCAPE along and south of
    the aforementioned boundary.

    As storms mature in this environment, they'll likely become prone
    to multiple mergers and limited training over time as modest
    low-level flow increases and results in convergence along the
    aforementioned boundary. This will likely aid in spreading 2
    inch/hr rain rates eastward over portions of the Hill Country that
    received 2-4 inches of rain last night. Flash flooding is likely
    in at least a few areas. Flash flood concerns may increase
    substantially if storms can persist eastward toward the general
    vicinity of Llano and Round Rock/Austin Metro. Those areas are
    likely sensitive from previous rainfall and impacts that occurred
    overnight last night.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6RysrWNZrAtRfRsVAq51_PTE14ve3ls0mbMRp3Fqo1j90__HWnMKIdTrbMrG5tOUZhrX= kC8us5KBUbkve15dJQ8TJlo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32199832 31839692 30559672 29509806 29530081=20
    29860259 30770177 31250156 31660110 31810011=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 21 02:29:31 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 210229
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-210815-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0201
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1028 PM EDT Wed May 20 2026

    Areas affected...Lower Rio Grande Valley/Deep South Texas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 210230Z - 210815Z

    SUMMARY...Initial slow moving cluster capable of 2"+/hr rates
    should pre-wet the upper-soils as main line/wave emerges out of
    Mexico in the middle of the overnight period. Localized 2-4"
    totals, isolated 5" may result in isolated to widely scattered
    flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...A very moist, conditionally unstable environment
    exists in the lower Rio Grande Valley with a solid pocket of 2500
    J/kg of uncapped MLCAPE remaining, given mid-80s temps over low
    70s Tds. CIRA LPW along with RAP analysis/short-term forecasts
    show enhanced low level moisture moving up the river valley with
    winds recently backing in response to the approaching upstream
    shortwave over the Big Bend exiting to the northeast and favorable
    upper-level divergence pattern starting to emerge from the Sierra
    Madre in E Coahuila into N Nuevo Leon. As such, recent
    directional convergence in this response has seen fairly vigorous
    convective initiation across Starr county and points across the
    river in Mexico. Low level inflow has a few hours of
    southeasterly moist/unstable inflow to maintain the cluster.=20
    Given 2" total PWats and weak (less than 20kts of flow), moisture
    loading and updraft vigor should support 2"/hr rates with
    localized uptick to 2.5" possible. Deep layer sheared flow with
    easterly flow in the low levels and weak confluent 700-500
    steering flow from south to north, should allow for tilted
    updrafts but slow moving to allow for increased residency. Spots
    of 2-3" are possible.=20=20

    The greater concern, is this cluster will continue to expand but
    slowly weaken as the upstream inflow reduces (note veering profile
    recently at KBRO/KCRP), but upper-level forcing via DPVA and
    divergence aloft from the increasingly diffluent upper level flow
    (right entrance over the Edwards Plateau) to provide favorable
    environment for convective clusters to advance/merger out of the
    Mexican highlands into the RGV generally timed after 06-07z. As
    such, an additional 2-3" totals should occur and with overlap,
    broader area of 2-4" with isolated 5"+ totals are possible.=20=20

    While the area is in drought and have naturally higher FFG values,
    urban centers and intense rates would be the main driver for
    possible incident or two of localize flash flooding through the
    overnight period.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-sh4wMMi0kORMHE6gk5OMyl1GOh6y0rZBNZeISXBo8akF9v-3Zb0_irRrQTyH4uoXs6x= UYYPHCE85x5faDYsXQoE0Uk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BRO...CRP...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 27889940 27549859 27139807 26509780 26139780=20
    25989807 26229873 26429914 26979946 27539960=20
    27749979=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 21 11:20:33 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 211120
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-211419-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0202
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    719 AM EDT Thu May 21 2026

    Areas affected...portions of the middle Texas Coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 211119Z - 211419Z

    Summary...Areas of slow-moving, banded thunderstorm activity may
    produce local rain rates of 2-3.5 inches per hour this morning.=20
    Flash flooding is possible if this activity occurs over sensitive
    locales.

    Discussion...A mature MCS is making slow, steady progress along
    portions of the lower Texas Coast and south Texas - generally
    extending from near Corpus Christi southward to Brownsville. Slow
    movement (around 20 knots - locally slower) and abundant
    moisture/instability downstream over adjacent Gulf waters was
    aiding efficient precipitation rates (around 3 inches/hr) in the slowest-moving, northern end of the complex.

    Meanwhile, a new band has developed downstream of this complex
    near Port Lavaca. This band is oriented more parallel to steering
    flow aloft and perpendicular to the approaching complex from the
    west. 2+ inch/hr rain rates are already being estimated with this
    activity.

    Over the next 1-3 hours, the forward propagation of the mature MCS
    and slow-movement of the downstream convective band will promote a
    prolonged period of heavy rainfall especially along/near the
    middle Texas Coast. FFG thresholds of 2.5 inch/hr should be
    eclipsed with this activity, and local totals of 5+ inches cannot
    be ruled out through 14Z/9a central this morning. Flash flooding
    is possible - especially if these rainfall totals occur over any
    sensitive or low-lying/flood prone areas.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-TaqzPOzCrKt7UDQr6CNoE1rVSLFPXlqvLdXrSAS3wLtOXHa6Fl8YR0MaGcLyWZLuy80= jtx0p06eTw8IJ5YN6m9vNkc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 29209606 29159493 28569474 28449491 28289597=20
    27999679 27399667 27369726 27739758 28459782=20
    28959718=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 21 17:06:44 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 211706
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-212304-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0203
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    105 PM EDT Thu May 21 2026

    Areas affected...portions of west Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 211704Z - 212304Z

    Summary...Areas of flash flooding will remain possible within an
    axis generally extending from near Midland to near San Angelo and
    San Saba.

    Discussion...Scattered convection continues to focus along a
    subtle surface boundary in the general vicinity of Midland to San
    Angelo to near San Saba. Heating south of this boundary has
    enabled 1500-2000 J/kg MLCAPE to develop with minimal inhibition,
    supporting continued convection. Additionally, cool easterly
    low-level trajectories and continued rainfall along and north of
    the boundary was likely acting as a reinforcing mechanism to
    continue maintenance of the boundary and continued updrafts.=20
    Modest storm motions and backbuilding was supporting occasional
    areas of 1 inch/hr rain rates to materialize with the most
    persistent activity. These rain rates were approaching FFG
    thresholds (around 1.5 inch/hr) on a localized basis.

    Rainfall was occurring on ground conditions that are likely
    sensitive from prior rainfall over the region in the last 72 hours
    or so. Isolated instances of flash flooding cannot be completely
    ruled out in this regime. While the persistence of this
    convection regime is uncertain (and likely modulated by the
    persistence and movement of the low-level boundary spawning the
    convection across the region), models are generally consistent in
    maintaining thunderstorm activity through the afternoon amid
    southwesterly flow aloft. It is also worth noting that slightly
    lower FFGs (around 1 inch/hr) exists generally from San Angelo to
    Junction (just south of ongoing activity), which may represent a
    slightly higher flash flood threat if heavier rain rates
    materialize there.

    Cook=20

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!94vsFyB58N6FlZzS3GXISzDBy84vGqb5ZhF1S8tquMYOC8itHL1ft6nW4mxkhDzjjcA3= XEYMxHG7vD5Rrz7CUAOpJVc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...LUB...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33150160 32850033 31789879 31049845 30359895=20
    30119970 30330071 31260172 32020240 32490268=20
    32830244=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 21 20:17:09 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 212017
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-220215-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0205
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    416 PM EDT Thu May 21 2026

    Areas affected...portions of Oklahoma and western north Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 212015Z - 220215Z

    Summary...Slow-moving thunderstorms are producing isolated spots
    of rainfall rates approaching 2-3 inches/hr at times. Flash
    flooding is possible on an isolated basis through 02Z/9p central.

    Discussion...A complicated surface pattern exists across much of
    Oklahoma currently. Prior moderate to heavy rainfall has resulted
    in an expansive cold pool anchored across central Oklahoma as of
    20Z. On the southern and eastern peripheries of this cold pool,
    surface heating and subtle confluence along differential heating
    zones has led to scattered thunderstorm development. The
    pre-convective airmass supporting heavy rainfall is characterized
    by 500-1000 J/kg MLCAPE and 1.5+ inch PW values, while weak
    mid/upper steering flow has caused slow and at times erratic cell
    motions, further promoting heavy rainfall. As of 20Z, the
    heaviest rainfall was located near from the Wichita Mountains of
    southwest Oklahoma southward through western north Texas and also
    near McAllister and Okmulgee. FFG thresholds vary widely across
    the region, but are lowest from north-central Texas through
    eastern Oklahoma (around 1.5.2 inch/hr) and near 2.5 inch/hr
    elsewhere across the discussion area. These FFG thresholds were
    being exceeded on an isolated basis.

    Overall trends will continue for at least a few hours, with very
    slow/erratic movement and perhaps isolated upscale growth at
    times. It appears that convection across southwestern Oklahoma
    and western north Texas may prompt enough overturning with time to
    stabilize the low level airmass and lessen the flash flood risk,
    though this process may take some time to play out. Convection
    over eastern Oklahoma may have greater longevity with a broader
    pool of instability across that part of the state east of the
    aforementioned central Oklahoma cold pool. Flash flooding will be
    possible through 02Z/9p central.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9eem0gqBZ1QQPXCa5QlbilGhP1dPvi8_YngFOhgFdyjk_j9M5f3K7H8Pgoem8aPNb755= -BW6RSihhls-cmsIBnMPoCg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...ICT...LUB...OUN...SHV...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37109630 36959488 35519453 34049465 33359645=20
    32549786 32679963 33770046 34320034 34929972=20
    35189882 35149795 35349757 36069754 36799728=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 21 21:41:17 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 212141
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-220338-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0206
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    539 PM EDT Thu May 21 2026

    Areas affected...portions of western and central Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 212138Z - 220338Z

    Summary...Thunderstorms continue to increase in coverage over
    sensitive areas from prior rainfall and terrain. Eventually,
    urban areas near Austin, San Antonio, and Waco may be impacted.=20
    Flash flooding is likely.

    Discussion...Over the past hour or so, thunderstorms have
    increased in intensity and coverage primarily across the Texas
    Hill Country. These storms are likely responding to a couple of
    changes in the thermodynamic environment: 1) heating of a moist
    airmass southeast of ongoing convection, 2) recharge of mid-level
    lapse rates from the EML originating over the southern Rockies,
    and 3) subtle shortwave troughs aloft forcing ascent and aiding in
    deep convective development. Weak low-level shear profiles
    suggest that cells will continue to grow upscale into short linear
    segments, but lingering boundaries from prior convection across
    the region will also allow for convective mergers to occur as
    well. The end result of this pattern will be continued
    development of areas of 1-2.5 inch/hr rain rates over sensitive
    regions from prior rainfall/wet soils, terrain, and eventually
    urban surface in the Austin/San Antonio/I-35 vicinity. Given
    ongoing trends, a greater likelihood of flash flooding exists,
    with locally significant impacts possible.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7N3Zlz5LwXvP2OWRSWQUuLF_b-5pSjapIbqCSdDzSWjCC9xgy7gjbjJT2egs9tm716TJ= m5IobS1V_2a7P3881PHwdoA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32449676 31559583 29859604 28969855 29340094=20
    30300207 31280174 31420055 31749905 32319814=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 22 05:46:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 220546
    FFGMPD
    TNZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-221100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0207
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    145 AM EDT Fri May 22 2026

    Areas affected...Lower Mississippi Valley...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 220545Z - 221100Z

    SUMMARY...Slow, efficient warm cloud rainfall with
    training/repeating profile suggest localized 2-4" totals, with a
    secondary maximum near deep layer cyclone pivot and downshear axis
    across S Arkansas into N Mississippi.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV suite depicts a well defined mid-level
    shortwave vorticity center across NE TX sliding northeast within
    the broader southeast edge of the larger scale broad upper-level
    trough. This provides deep layer DPVA and broad scale ascent with
    the entrance to the upper level jet streak over the mid-MS River
    Valley into the Great Lakes. At the surface, a weak surface wave
    in central LA remains a bit south of a stronger 850-700mb low
    along the AR/LA border, with a confluent surface to boundary layer
    LLJ/warm conveyor belt surging moisture north through the MS river
    and then bending back westward to the mid-level cyclone in the
    TROWAL. This provides broad moisture flux convergence through the
    area of concern; concurrent with bringing higher theta-E air into
    the ascent region. Narrow-skinny profiles with solid surface heat
    remaining provide a wedge of 500-1000 J/kg of uncapped MLCAPE
    generally to the surface boundary with MUCAPE extending downstream
    along the eastern branch of the TROWAL with 750-1000 J/kg into NE
    MS.

    The solid moisture confluence/convergence has broken out slow
    moving scattered convection through portions of E LA/SW MS; with
    slow motions and deeply saturated low level warm cloud processes
    providing tropical shower efficiency supporting 2 to occasionally
    2.5"/hr localized totals. Deep south-southwest steering to the
    northeast will be slightly deflected eastward given surface backed
    wind flow but given density of convective ascent pattern remains
    solid will increase potential for repeating to support up to
    focused 4" totals over the next few hours. Secondary maximum will
    exist where 850mb flow rapidly backs from south/southwest to more southeast/east north of the boundary in the deformation zone that
    generally parallels the front (though distance reduces further
    east into S MS...steepening the isentropic ascent boundary). FFG
    values are a tad lower within the MS River Valley (with 1hr spots
    of 1-2"/hr and 3hr values of 2-3") suggesting a localize flash
    flooding incident or two remains possible.

    Additionally, downshear of the 850-700mb low, strong dynamic
    ascent of the moisture flux into the western branch of the TROWAL;
    has resulted in broad moderate rainfall, though there is very
    limited instability that had not been worked over earlier this
    evening. Still the dynamic strength combined with the high
    moisture flux convergence should allow for increased duration for
    some localized spots of 2-3"; this still may not reach higher FFG
    in the area and may be more beneficial than resulting in flooding;
    but the duration/efficiency could still pose localized concerns
    enough to be included in the MPD area of concern through the
    overnight period. All in all,

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6l8mB3m1mE34re-D5fPCgZzWvEit8IqqEwkaaV17iTCTz5h3r-pYqvgVLYQ0kZfErjPx= QmZ6MJgCbbIoHH5p70ZPYv0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LCH...LIX...LZK...MEG...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35138857 34738816 33868836 31688996 30979054=20
    30359136 30359208 30819238 32139206 32759223=20
    32859272 33229319 33849303 34289215 34709105=20
    35018966=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 22 08:27:32 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 220827
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-221230-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0208
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    426 AM EDT Fri May 22 2026

    Areas affected...Coastal Mississippi and Alabama...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 220830Z - 221230Z

    SUMMARY...Effectively stationary/back-building Gulf streamers may
    result in localized very high totals and rapid inundation flooding
    remains possible through early morning.

    DISCUSSION...08z surface analysis, RAP analysis and sea-surface
    state from satellite, denote a core enhanced pocket of higher
    theta-E near surface pool resulting in near surface Tds in the
    upper 70s east of 90E from the coasts of MS/AL southward for a few
    hundred miles, generally within a area of confluent surface to
    850mb flow as return south-easterlies around the N FL ridging
    turns northward to intersect the south to southwesterly veered
    flow influenced from the approaching deeper layer trough across
    the Plains. While the core of the warm conveyor belt appears to
    be shifted to the west responding from the approaching
    height-falls; the surface regime is coming together near the
    frictional convergence zone of the near shore/beaches. The core
    of the SBCAPE axis of 4000-4500 J/kg is nosed to the MS beaches as
    well. As such, confluent Gulf streamers have lead to early
    morning convection focused on Mobile Bay and lingering affects of
    the pre-frontal trof convection that dominated the Pearl River
    Region yesterday.=20

    While shallow, the deep layer flow is favorably oriented to
    maintain the frictional convergence to support back-building that
    will help to repeat in this localized focused axes. Total PWats
    of 2", mainly loaded below 850mb (as noted in CIRA LPW above) with
    values around 1" should allow for deep warm-cloud rainfall
    generation processes and rain rates of 2.5"/hr. Already spots
    have seen greater than 2.5" and an additional hour or so will
    quickly result in rapid inundation. Proximity to urban centers
    along the beach and I-10 would be at greatest potential for these
    localize rapid inundation flooding events.=20

    Hi-Res CAMs suggest, a slight disruption to the surface flow to
    veer and reduce convergence at the surface shifting back west, but
    with time, the core of the Warm Conveyor Belt will also shift,
    especially given the instability axis remains upstream. So
    additional thunderstorm activity is probable and may maintain risk
    for localized inundation flooding through dusk.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5jt0nmx25bssA4QeIByEpASVgzJN1n2i8u4j7b7aXmhq1PPgUp4GNKhfv772pqBiSVk0= PrXDR3J5Wa8uzv9PxXayAEE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31928789 31768733 31438714 31058717 30628740=20
    30248771 30158788 30168851 30228948 30918911=20
    31268888 31818829=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 22 09:29:37 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 220929
    FFGMPD
    OKZ000-KSZ000-221400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0209
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    528 AM EDT Fri May 22 2026

    Areas affected...Eastern Oklahoma... Adj SE KS....

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 220930Z - 221400Z

    SUMMARY...Mid-level convergence in TROWAL resulting in very slow moving/stationary elevated cells with 1.5"/hr rates. Localized
    totals of 2" already with additional 1-2" possible may continue in
    localized flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...Interesting deep layer dynamics environment with
    moisture entrapment and weak instability to result in a narrow
    band of heavy rainfall across eastern Oklahoma. GOES-E WV suite
    depicts an elongated vorticity/shortwave center over Texarkana
    moving northeastward with solid broad entrance region divergence
    across E OK and AR and through the Ozark Plateau. RAP analysis
    and VWP shows the western branch of the TROWAL is snaking from the
    main LLJ over the MS river Valley, ascending over the front
    westward through central AR before reaching an 850-700 convergence
    boundary veering more north to south to enter the jet streak
    aloft. CIRA LPW shows the enhanced core along this path with
    total PWat values of 1.75" at in SE OK reducing to 1.5" toward SE
    KS. Modest mid-level lapse rates support 500-750 J/kg of MUCAPE
    through the 800-600mb layer and given moisture flux convergence
    maximized at the base of that layer, convection has been weak but
    sufficient for modest rainfall rates up to 1.5"/hr.=20

    The slow/reducing forward propagation/deep layer steering has
    further enhanced localized flash flooding potential given
    increased residency time. Combine this with an axis of reduced
    FFG values across the area of concern (especially in Tulsa Metro
    area but even as far south as Pittsburg county) being about
    1.5-2"/hr and generally less than 2.5"/3hrs; localized exceedance
    remains possible through the late overnight period.=20

    Eventually, winds further slacken as the DPVA from the shortwave
    lifts further northeast into central AR and helps to sever the
    remaining TROWAL; winds veer further to the west and should result
    in a more widely scattered ascent pattern before weakening into
    the early morning hours. Spots of 2"+ have already fallen across
    the Pittsburg to Nowata county line with more scattered isolated
    cells further south. MRMS Flash responses of greater than 400-600
    cfs/sqmi have been noted in a few spots, especially in the urban
    center near Tulsa. With an additional 1-2" totals, spots of
    2-3.5" are probable and localized flash flooding will continue to
    be possible through 13-14z.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4mlU_8DMbMaEU2XsJSjLePocjxD_pRnGR6SO06SQWe3eQhtO3n8hm22wTUZigLMwWVit= nxLT3KZVXZutqUwPIER0ZAc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ICT...OUN...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37269558 37019512 36279519 35549510 35229492=20
    34869488 34639496 34479544 34769607 35559637=20
    36469634 36959606=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 22 15:20:12 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 221520
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-222115-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0210
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1118 AM EDT Fri May 22 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast MS...Southwest to Central AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 221518Z - 222115Z

    SUMMARY...Locally backbuilding and training convection are
    expected to pose an increasing flash flood threat through the
    afternoon. Rainfall rates of 2 to 3 inches/hour are expected, with
    localized totals of 4 to 6 inches possible by mid-afternoon.

    DISCUSSION...The regional environment is becoming increasingly
    favorable for high-efficiency rainfall production. A 30 to 35 kt
    southwesterly low-level jet is providing robust moisture transport
    and low-level convergence along a quasi-stationary surface trough
    situated from southeast MS through west-central AL. Precipitable
    water values are currently pooling between 1.75 and 2.0 inches,
    which is generally near or above the 90th percentile of
    climatology for late May.

    The 12Z morning KBMX sounding and recent RAP analysis confirm a
    tropical-like thermodynamic profile with a deep warm cloud layer
    exceeding 12,000 ft. This environment will support efficient
    warm-rain physical processes, allowing convective cores to sustain
    potentially extreme rainfall rates even with moderate instability.

    MLCAPE values of 1500 to 2500 J/kg are nosing up along and just
    east of the surface trough axis, and will support not only the
    high rates, but also a general expansion of convection over the
    next few hours as shortwave energy arrives from the southwest.
    This will generally involve southeast MS through portions of
    central and southwest AL for the main threat area.

    Kinematically, the environment is primed for convective training.
    Corfidi propagation vectors are largely offsetting the mean
    steering flow, suggesting that cell development will tend to favor
    at some backbuilding along and just ahead of the low-level
    convergence axis. Hourly rainfall rates of 2 to 3 inches are
    expected within the most persistent cores.

    The antecedent conditions are generally rather moist based off the
    latest NASA SPoRT-LIS soil moisture analysis, and the latest USGS
    streamflow data shows somewhat elevated baseflows from recent
    precipitation. These antecedent conditions will lead to high
    runoff efficiency and potential rapid responses in small creeks
    and urban drainage systems.

    The latest hires CAM guidance suggests some localized rainfall
    totals reaching 4 to 6 inches by mid-afternoon, and this will
    likely result in some ares of flash flooding which may be locally
    enhanced over the more sensitive urban corridors.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9Yb6DLWS_OSuo2U9mN0tNWik0R_qkLixek2AhTT-J5G6Vs2mToBqlpN6Sv2heFvQPl_x= JLpGBnTgAfBzmnm2cofKwWw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HUN...JAN...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33978649 33148629 31888665 30638735 30208792=20
    30188888 30668911 32488827 33488790 33968734=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 22 18:40:42 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 221840
    FFGMPD
    GAZ000-TNZ000-ALZ000-222300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0211
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    239 PM EDT Fri May 22 2026

    Areas affected...Portions of Northern AL and Middle TN

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 221839Z - 222300Z

    SUMMARY...Northward-moving convection will pose a localized flash
    flood threat through the afternoon and early evening. Rainfall
    rates of 1.0 to 1.5 inch/hour are expected, with localized totals
    of 2 to 3 inches possible where training occurs.

    DISCUSSION...Convection currently over central Alabama is expected
    to continue lifting north-northeastward into an environment
    characterized by PWAT values of 1.6 to 1.8 inches and moderate
    instability with MLCAPE values of near 1500 J/kg. While the
    overall thermodynamic environment is less efficient than areas to
    the south, a 30 kt low-level jet will continue to provide
    sufficient moisture transport to support locally heavy rain rates.

    The primary concern is the potential for localized cell-training
    or backbuilding along the nose of the low-level jet. While
    individual cells will be somewhat progressive, Corfidi vectors
    suggest a component of the flow may allow for repeated rounds of
    heavy rain over the same basins. Recent model guidance, including
    the REFS ensemble, indicates a 20 to 30 percent probability of
    exceeding flash flood guidance in localized areas, with some 2 to
    3 inch rainfall totals possible by early this evening.

    Given that soils are fairly moist across at least portions of
    northern AL and middle TN, the rainfall over the next few hours
    should favor at least an isolated threat for flash flooding. This
    will tend to be mainly an urban threat, but with some of the
    elevated terrain across the region, there may be some locally
    enhanced and channeled runoff potential for some of the small
    stream basins where any cell-training occurs.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5YJ7loOgBZcnIQxZOAUAtqGMVNQChjqtRYJVgkUMaZ09tsj4WCWqxhw5pLeMgMvbxuid= XgFZ3QIlR8_RTBfGQq2AmO8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...HUN...MRX...OHX...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35608577 35518554 35228545 34698560 34228584=20
    34008621 33938653 34068678 34598678 35318646=20
    35528615=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 22 20:24:28 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 222024
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-230222-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0212
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    423 PM EDT Fri May 22 2026

    Areas affected...southeastern Louisiana, southeastern Mississippi,
    southern Alabama, and the western Florida Panhandle

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 222022Z - 230222Z

    Summary...Areas of thunderstorms continue to expand in coverage
    and intensity across the discussion area. Rain rates are likely
    to cause flash flood issues on at least an isolated basis.

    Discussion...Deep convection has intensified and expanded in
    coverage over the past hour - especially across southeastern
    Louisiana and southeastern Mississippi. The storms are in a very
    unstable airmass (80s F surface temps/mid-70s F dewpoints
    supporting 2500 J/kg MLCAPE). Meanwhile, broadly confluent,
    southwesterly low-level flow and weak inhibition was supporting
    updrafts. Convection was oriented parallel to southwesterly
    steering flow aloft, supporting localized training. Areas of
    1-1.5 inch/hr rain rates were noted per MRMS imagery recently.

    The storms were migrating over areas of relatively low FFG from
    prior rainfall (approx 2 inch/hr thresholds in spots across SE
    LA/SE MS, locally lower in southern AL). As cells migrate over
    these regions of abundantly moist soils (and urban population
    centers like New Orleans and Mobile), some risk of flash flooding
    will likely arise. Convection (and flash flood risk) is likely to
    be diurnally driven and weaken some shortly after sunset. The
    eastern extent of flash flood risk from SE LA/SE MS convection is
    in question, with widespread convective overturning across
    portions of south-central Alabama has lessened instability values
    there, and convection may struggle to be maintained with
    northeastern extent. Portions of the Mobile, AL area may recover
    from prior convective overturning and experience a renewed
    thunderstorm/flash flood threat, however.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-eBMlkL1UBVI8zSV158CTwx2SMG9yBw5ckwsdbROPe7b0c9EUz-UaY1if5TtjMkdbrXm= 8fyw8xODLGeIAl_jXSvu_g4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32158672 32108561 30678610 30118715 29688992=20
    29369046 29679156 30029176 30619173 31339010=20
    31908888=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 22 22:49:29 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 222249
    FFGMPD
    VAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-TNZ000-KYZ000-INZ000-230447-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0213
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    648 PM EDT Fri May 22 2026

    Areas affected...portions of Kentucky into southern Ohio and
    western West Virginia

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 222247Z - 230447Z

    Summary...Scattered convection with embedded heavier rainfall will
    continue to spread northward toward the middle/upper Ohio Valley
    this evening. Moist ground conditions from antecedent rainfall
    will raise the flash flood risk in a few areas.

    Discussion...Scattered, deep convection continues along a general
    axis extending from near Hopkinsville east-northeastward to near
    Covington. These cells also happened to be collocated with a weak
    warm front through that same aforementioned axis. Along and south
    of the boundary, 70s F dewpoints were maintaining 1000-1500 J/kg
    SBCAPE, fueling heavier convective elements and spots of 1 inch/hr
    rain rates. A broad, negative-tilt mid-level trough over the
    Mid-Mississippi Valley and stout low-level flow across
    Kentucky/Tennessee was also providing ascent to support ongoing
    convection.

    This overall regime will gradually translate east-northeastward
    over the next 3-6 hours. Areas of heavier rain will fall on
    moistening soils that are gradually becoming more sensitive by the
    hour due to abundant rainfall. FFG thresholds are around 1
    inch/hr in most of Kentucky, but fall to around 0.5 inch/hr in
    northeastern Kentucky into southern Ohio and western West
    Virginia. As embedded convective elements reach these
    water-logged areas, flash flood potential will increase. This
    threat will exist through at least 02Z, with little indication
    that rainfall rates will decrease after sunset.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!79d-Wj68ojWqCrsF2yZFQ9Wp4LOVbIFTpCrrFnY29cx7R9rwOHsyfzU0_zbHVPQjFPfS= RSRRU7RfQF_QvnaOf2138HI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ILN...IND...JKL...LMK...MRX...OHX...PAH...PBZ...
    RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...ORN...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40148277 39948082 38988042 38008173 37148259=20
    36508336 36738469 36748661 36658801 37538804=20
    38218691 39378497=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 23 00:55:12 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 230055
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-230453-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0214
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    854 PM EDT Fri May 22 2026

    Areas affected...northern Louisiana into central Mississippi and
    far northeast Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 230053Z - 230453Z

    Summary...Scattered thunderstorms were developing along a
    confluence zone over the Mississippi Delta and adjacent northern
    Louisiana. 1-2 inch/hr rain rates were estimated. These rates
    will pose a flash flood risk for a few hours this evening.

    Discussion...Persistent convergence along a confluence zone
    extending from near Shreveport to near Monroe to near Rolling Fork
    in southern portions of the Mississippi Delta. This confluence
    zone was oriented parallel to west-southwesterly flow aloft,
    supporting local cell training. In addition, abundant surface
    heating along and south of this zone has enabled MLCAPE values to
    exceed 2000 J/kg amid ~1.75 inch PW values. These thermodynamic
    fields were enabling rain rates to reach 1-2.5 inch/hr in a few
    spots. The highest rain rates were threatening FFG thresholds,
    which generally range from around 1 inch/hr in MS to 2.5 inch/hr
    in northern Louisiana.=20

    Current trends suggest that most of the ongoing flash flood
    potential will be diurnally driven, with a possible weakening
    trend beginning after a few hours with loss of
    heating/destabilization. Flash flooding will still remain
    possible through at least 04Z/11p central given the favorable
    thermodynamic environment supporting deep convection with
    efficient rain rates. Flash flooding is possible - with
    particular concern in low-lying spots and across central
    Mississippi where ground conditions remain moist from prior
    rainfall.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-bQo8_XKZHJ9aXvQz09CnEA9cf51h-P3yWBCIEcftfiA4QbNEtbDUbqQEfOtu9-YFbBi= 3WG0LA_iirluOe5cz512ON0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LZK...MEG...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34179016 33888932 32858903 32028984 31669202=20
    31709464 32689489 33109381 33279199 33919108=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 23 13:37:02 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 231336
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-TXZ000-231935-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0215
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    935 AM EDT Sat May 23 2026

    Areas affected...Far Eastern TX...Central and Southern LA...Far
    Southwest MS

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 231335Z - 231935Z

    SUMMARY...Expanding areas of heavy showers and thunderstorms, with
    some localized cell-training will result in an increasing flash
    flood threat through the mid-afternoon hours. Rainfall rates of 2
    to 3 inches/hour are expected, with localized totals of 3 to 5
    inches possible.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E satellite imagery and radar shows some small
    scale MCS activity over far eastern TX along with an embedded MCV
    that will be moving east into areas of western LA over the next
    few hours. The latest surface data suggests a surface
    trough/outflow boundary near the southern LA coast that extends
    west-southwest back toward the Upper TX coast.

    Meanwhile, the airmass is moderately buoyant with a nose of MLCAPE
    values reaching 1500 to 2000+ J/kg across far eastern TX and
    across much of western LA in association with modest, but
    persistent southerly flow off the Gulf ahead of the upstream
    convection. Moisture is heavily entrenched through the column
    based off the latest OSPO ALPW data, with PWs overall running up
    to near 1.75 inches.

    The approaching convection and associated MCV energy is expected
    to interact with this surface trough near the Gulf Coast, and
    favor a general increase in warm air advection/isentropic ascent
    that coupled with the nose of instability should favor an increase
    in the coverage of heavy showers and thunderstorms. The latest
    Corfidi vector analysis suggests at least some low-end threat for
    backbuilding and training convection over the next several hours
    as the convection increases across areas of central and southern
    LA, and perhaps areas as far northeast as southwest MS.

    High rainfall rates are expected that could reach 2 to 3
    inches/hour with the stronger convective cores, and with any
    cell-training, some localized storm totals going through early to
    mid-afternoon could reach 3 to 5 inches. FFG is rather high across
    the region overall, with moderate soil moisture (50 to 70 percent)
    in the 0-10cm layer according to NASA SPoRT. However, with the
    high rainfall rates and localized storm total potential, some
    areas of flash flooding will tend to become likely over the next
    several hours. This will especially be the case for the more
    sensitive urban corridors.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-KQi3ZJNBFp2ejl5zDgZ2Jg7lR7tsfOr4FlcsN_tTCGKaKRIQE-FwBdhxhX2E3MwlWqg= Q56Fw7SOnkxhKJuE7DStGmM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LCH...LIX...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31979285 31679154 31059027 30288969 29688969=20
    29369007 29269094 29589253 29629308 29789379=20
    30719441 31249432 31819377=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 23 15:32:13 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 231532
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-232130-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0216
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1130 AM EDT Sat May 23 2026

    Areas affected...South-Central to Southeast TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 231530Z - 232130Z

    SUMMARY...Expanding clusters of heavy showers and thunderstorms
    will result in a regional threat for scattered areas of mainly
    urban flash flooding going into the afternoon hours. Rainfall
    rates as high as 2.5 inches/hour are likely, with localized totals
    of 3 to 5 inches possible.

    DISCUSSION...An ejecting shortwave trough/MCV crossing the Lower
    Rio Grande Valley will be interacting with a moist and strongly
    unstable airmass pooled along a surface trough currently situated
    across areas of south-central to southeast TX and extending
    offshore across the western Gulf. The approaching energy is
    already driving multiple clusters of heavy showers and
    thunderstorms across south-central TX, with a generally
    progressive character off to the east.

    MLCAPE values across south-central TX are on the order of 2500 to
    3500 J/kg with PWs locally up around 1.75 inches. This coupled
    with the forcing associated with the approaching shortwave
    dynamics will facilitate rainfall rates as high as 2.5 inches/hour
    over the next several hours as convection becomes increasingly
    concentrated in close proximity to the aforementioned trough axis.

    A general increase in the coverage of convection is expected going
    into the afternoon hours across coastal areas of south-central to
    southeast TX, including multiple metropolitan areas such as
    Victoria and Houston. There will be some occasional instances
    where the convection may repeat or train over the same area which
    would drive heavier rainfall totals. The 12Z HREF/REFS suites
    suggest some localized 3 to 5 inch rainfall totals going through
    mid-afternoon.

    Given the overall antecedent environment and expectations of
    rainfall over the next few hours, there will be a threat for
    scattered areas of mainly urban flash flooding.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!67tA2NnIsFCry5e7BmZ0XHM7XyUu3NYCaXM_7jr8-HPEQZiDiJ_vTrTxJBhO6VV1jkKR= 7nL6goKHbEJ3aW-k7ebGSFM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BRO...CRP...EWX...HGX...LCH...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30549440 29729390 28989499 28009653 27239714=20
    26939766 27219814 27969832 28829814 29599742=20
    30159643 30459547=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 23 17:01:51 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 231701
    FFGMPD
    WVZ000-OHZ000-TNZ000-KYZ000-232300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0217
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    100 PM EDT Sat May 23 2026

    Areas affected...Portions of the OH Valley

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 231700Z - 232300Z

    SUMMARY...Wet antecedent conditions and additional showers and
    thunderstorms this afternoon may produce a localized threat of
    flash flooding this afternoon.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E satellite imagery along with
    surface data shows an area of low pressure associated with an
    upper trough across northwest OH. A trailing cold extends well to
    the southwest of this with a warm front that is situated over
    northern OH and down the west side of the Appalachians. A moist
    and confluent low-level southwest flow pattern ahead of the cold
    front is nosing up across much of central and eastern KY through
    far western WV and eastern OH.

    Warm sector MUCAPE values of 500 to 1000 J/kg and PWs of 1.5 to
    1.75 inches are already in place generally from southern OH
    through eastern KY, and this instability axis will lift a bit
    farther north this afternoon as southwest flow ahead of the front
    persists. Additionally, the latest visible satellite images show a
    fair amount of solar insolation taking place across these areas,
    and this is expected to yield a destabilizing boundary layer that
    will couple with modest low-level forcing/convergence for
    scattered bands of showers and thunderstorms over the next several
    hours.

    The mean layer flow is strongly unidirectional as seen on the 12Z
    upper-air RAOB from KILN, and this will suggest a concern for some
    localized training of these bands of convection. Already there is
    one linear band of convection extending from southern OH into
    north-central KY that has had a history of producing 1 to 2
    inch/hour rainfall rates, and these high rates should be
    sustainable this afternoon with the addition of more surface heating/instability.

    The latest hires CAMS may be slightly underdone with the
    convective threat and the overall QPF footprint this afternoon
    considering the training potential. Given the rates and training considerations, some localized 2 to 3 inch rainfall totals will be
    possible. The antecedent conditions are rather wet, and this
    coupled with the additional rainfall potential may support some
    localized areas of flash flooding this afternoon.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!71-1H9gosDQS7QWA22Ig2vHwXXspPL-ipWp4cf75PDtajGxyot6U94zt82aqcLLd8RXr= wkBrTuw9zAOXHJHtejK6zkI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...ILN...JKL...LMK...MRX...OHX...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41218183 41148115 40618058 39278102 38118192=20
    37028306 36428420 36508513 36968551 37598527=20
    38248439 38978374 39828308 40888251=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 23 17:53:56 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 231753
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-232345-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0218
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    152 PM EDT Sat May 23 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast AR...Central and Southern
    MS...West-Central AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 231752Z - 232345Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated to scattered areas of flash flooding will be
    possible this afternoon and early this evening from showers and
    thunderstorms with high rainfall rates capable of reaching 2 to 3
    inches/hour.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E IR/WV suite shows a cold-topped MCS
    and embedded MCV continuing to advance east across central LA with
    recent radar trends showing downstream convective development
    across areas of southeast AR through central and southern MS. This
    energy will be interacting over the next several hours with a
    strongly unstable and moist environment characterized by MLCAPE
    values of 2000 to 3000+ J/kg and PWs over 1.75 inches.

    There is evidence of a surface trough across south-central MS
    which recently seems to be facilitating some of the development
    and expansion of convection across this region. The latest HRRR
    and RRFS guidance suggests rainfall coverage increasing over the
    next few hours as the upstream energy with the MCV approaches, and
    there is likely to be areas of relatively concentrated convection
    by later this afternoon that will be capable of producing very
    high rainfall rates. Given the thermodynamic environment, there
    will be some rainfall rates likely reaching 2 to 3 inches/hour.

    The high rates and relatively concentrated nature of the
    convection may support some rainfall totals that reach 3 to 4+
    inches by early this evening. Recent rainfall across portions of
    the region have allowed for the antecedent environment to become
    more sensitive, with increasing soil moisture concentrations. As
    such, the additional rainfall this afternoon may favor a concern
    for isolated to scattered areas of flash flooding. This would also
    include concerns for some of the more sensitive urban areas.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-xFujvhWvvLzNFZ1UlbBP_b4zFp39b1trxk9DdKvh_l8QF6cBvQ4UvK2w3qdnzoWc3NP= WYce8OlhfKTX9TbjcWsXkmo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...LZK...MOB...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34119119 33279025 33098908 32808816 32478781=20
    31938776 31568825 31398904 31459029 31749128=20
    32279185 32659211 33599235 34109210=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 23 18:53:02 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 231852
    FFGMPD
    SCZ000-GAZ000-232345-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0219
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    252 PM EDT Sat May 23 2026

    Areas affected...Northeast Georgia through North-Central South
    Carolina

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 231849Z - 232345Z

    SUMMARY...Heavy thunderstorms, with some localized cell-training
    bring an increasing flash flood threat rest of the afternoon from
    northeastern Georgia through north-central South Carolina.
    Rainfall rates of 1 to 2 inches/hour are expected, with localized
    totals of 3 inches possible over already saturated ground.

    DISCUSSION...Moist/unstable air flowing into the cold air damming
    wedge front over northeastern Georgia. This front is providing a
    focus for thunderstorm development generally west from Augusta.
    Southerly low level flow with effective shear of 25 to 30kt is
    allowing redevelopment along/beyond this front with SBCAPE of 2500
    J/kg and PW of 1.9" allowing hourly rainfall of 1.5 inches/hour in
    spots. The cold wedge front has been receding north which brings
    the focus into the area that saw 2-5" rainfall last evening. FFG
    of 1 to 1.5 inches/hour is along the current frontal location from
    GA to the flash flood sensitive Columbia, SC.

    Continued heavy rain over this already saturated area should cause
    localized flash flooding into this evening. Instability decreases
    rapidly north of the front keeping areas such as Greenville, SC
    away from the heavy rain at least for the next several hours.


    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9RyitIh4Q531mORIBqfHAg4s-K5xQ0fAwBaQdryk86pCizdxhuOqrhyPtZa-Sj2OpHoi= mAnZCOHKxG2jkKUwsj1MzO8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CAE...FFC...GSP...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34828348 34748305 34658266 34478215 34578138=20
    34508044 33988084 33758132 33478194 33418220=20
    33448252 33608292 33918330 34488351=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 23 20:32:12 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 232032
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-240130-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0220
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    431 PM EDT Sat May 23 2026

    Areas affected...Southwest Missouri into Kansas and Arkansas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 232030Z - 240130Z

    SUMMARY...Heavy thunderstorms repeating near a frontal boundary,
    bring an increasing flash flood threat into this evening over
    southwest Missouri into Kansas and Arkansas. Rainfall rates up to
    2 inches/hour are expected, with localized totals of 3 inches.

    DISCUSSION...An MCV over northeast OK is riding along a stalling
    frontal boundary over far southeast KS into central MO. The warm
    sector activity extends from northwest AR up to west-central MO.
    Sufficient moisture with PW of 1.5" and instability with SBCAPE of
    1500 J/kg will continue to allow heavy thunderstorm development
    rest of the afternoon. Light shear over the area causes slow storm
    motion while southerly low level flow recharges the environment
    through the frontal convergence. FFG is generally around 1.5
    inches/hour which has been observed the past hour over southwest
    MO. SWly jet level flow will continue to push the MCV along the
    front and maintain heavy rain ahead of it into the evening.

    Recent HRRR and RRFS runs do not handle the MCV well and result in
    too dispersive QPF into the evening. Given radar trends and the
    moist/unstable environment, localized flash flooding can be
    expected into the evening hours in areas with lower FFG, urbanized
    areas, and in the highest precip totals. The activity should
    eventually progress east, so further discussions may be warranted
    into the overnight hours.


    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-TfOJddi27ltmW5likwsam9bAO2tNIfqIk9VWDQNuV_g7ndjfLDdWo1yvtj6xwMHSTaU= oOSfMd3JLA0U0O0XA3Kqats$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...ICT...LSX...LZK...SGF...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39009285 38669251 36609311 36119357 36589439=20
    37069474 37219544 37469539 37829483 38579382=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 00:18:37 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 240018
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-KYZ000-240530-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0221
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    817 PM EDT Sat May 23 2026

    Areas affected...Upper Ohio Valley

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 240016Z - 240530Z

    SUMMARY...Saturated soils and additional prefrontal thunderstorms
    this evening should continue to produced localized flash flooding
    over the Upper Ohio Valley into the overnight.

    DISCUSSION...A plume of moisture extends north up the west side of
    the Appalachians and the Upper Ohio Valley west of the cold air
    damming west on the east side of the Appalachians and ahead of a
    cold front over northern Ohio. A moist and confluent southwesterly
    low-level flow through this plume is providing 1.6" PW which is 2
    standard deviations above normal over southeast OH, western WV,
    into far western PA.

    Warm sector MLCAPE values of 1000 J/kg and the abundant moisture
    will continue to support scattered bands of heavy thunderstorms
    through the evening. Deep layer unidirectional SWly flow persists
    over this region which should maintain localized training of these
    bands of convection. Hourly rainfall up to 1.5 to 2" is likely to
    continue in training activity which is in agreement with recent
    HRRR/RRFS runs. The antecedent conditions are rather wet with
    flash flood guidance generally 1" or less. Therefore localized
    flash flooding can be expected into the overnight. Late night
    nocturnal trends may preclude the need for further discussion in
    this area overnight, though that will continue to be monitored.


    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_qTo1ziUydoIoJLKNj985gDznN4aCtucEOni6CUIa39iu4qt7sOyXV8xjsIpWMs9OhT7= z1bgPrqXS64u2i5xlZniOj4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ILN...JKL...LMK...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40638122 40428064 39978035 38938106 38068215=20
    37668342 38328420 39048362 39898219=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 01:25:42 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 240125
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-240630-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0222
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    924 PM EDT Sat May 23 2026

    Areas affected...Ozarks

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 240123Z - 240630Z

    SUMMARY...Heavy prefrontal thunderstorms repeating into the
    overnight maintain a localized flash flood threat over southern
    and northern Arkansas. Rainfall rates up to 2 inches/hour are
    expected, with localized totals of 3 inches.

    DISCUSSION...Outflow from earlier activity is maintaining
    convergence from southerly flow and renewed growth over northwest
    AR into southeastern MO. Sufficient moisture with PW of 1.5" and
    instability with MUCAPE of 1000 J/kg will continue to allow heavy
    thunderstorm development into the overnight. Light shear over the
    area causes slow storm motion while southerly low level flow
    recharges the environment through the frontal convergence. FFG is
    generally higher, around 2.5 inches/hour despite this being the
    flood prone Ozarks.

    Recent HRRR runs have a decent handly on this ongoing activity
    while the RRFS is underdoing it. Given radar trends and the
    moist/unstable environment, localized flash flooding can be
    expected into or through the overnight hours where highest precip
    totals occur.


    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9gQcWATB0duFocmJ93-PRp-o5AafAvFLlEM13Zxlu3UW1dJ5hY5uYQkM3N6x6okcHSFZ= B1Y7DqnmBssIveydCnLEjmU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LSX...LZK...MEG...PAH...SGF...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37989132 37569065 36309042 35409209 35339412=20
    35899423 36369341 36859254 37359213 37909200=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 06:51:46 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 240651
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-241200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0223
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    250 AM EDT Sun May 24 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast LA...Coastal MS & AL...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 240650Z - 241200Z

    SUMMARY...Strong MCV with WAA training profiles increasing
    residency and therefore overall totals to allow for rapid
    inundation flooding.

    DISCUSSION...KHDC shows a very mature MCV with a tight inner
    convective core as well as a leading forward propagating leading
    band moving through the mouth of the Mississippi River and through
    the Chandeluer Islands. The strong outflow and localized pressure
    falls continues to support rapidly backed low-level inflow over
    the area of the north central Gulf that has remained over 80
    degrees and therefore increasing downstream theta-E advection and
    moisture flux.=20

    The latent heat release and favorable outflow orientation to a
    great outflow channel into the right entrance of the 80-90kt speed
    max continues to maintain and actually recently strengthen the
    MCC/MCV. RAP analysis and local observations show the downshear
    WAA off the Central Gulf has increased deep layer moisture to near
    2"/hr but also has pulled the instability gradient across the
    Chandeleur to central MS Coast and into south-central AL with
    MLCAPEs over 1500 J/kg along and downstream. This all has
    sharpened the effective warm front/deformation zone increasing low
    level isentropic ascent/moisture convergence along and ahead of
    the dense central core. Rates of 2-2.5"/hr are likely given the
    strength of the flux convergence and upward vigor of updrafts over
    the next few hours. As the convection continues to expand along
    the warm front, training/repeating will increase to support
    increased residency for localized 2-4" totals, with and isolated
    5" total possible in the 2-3 hours as it the band/core passes.=20

    The limiting factors will be placement relative to the land, with
    the core likely to remain SE of NOLA proper, but given deep layer
    steering look to come along the MS coastal area into S Alabama,
    where recent very high rainfall totals over the last 2 days or so
    have saturated the upper soils. FFG values have recovered, but
    given 0-40cm soil ratios, across portions of the MPD and overall
    rates of warm cloud tropical rainfall could result in rapid
    inundation flooding through the late overnight period and early
    morning.=20=20

    There is some uncertainty for trailing redevelopment South of SE
    LA, where confluent rear-inflow streamers could reform. About
    half of Hi-Res CAM suite suggests this redevelopment may persist,
    though environment may take too long to recover to have higher
    confidence, but the risk does remain.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5WIMBt4M39pYQ2L9f9XMTzG-N_06pU65Cs6ECrcP_0u-YolHoT7wpFM9glweOGgrCsbs= -yb5i67558CstYHz17P4vkk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31998811 31638766 31038759 30148821 29078933=20
    29079008 29639038 30648984 31288947 31908895=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 17:09:42 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 241709
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-VAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-TNZ000-KYZ000-INZ000-242305-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0225
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    108 PM EDT Sun May 24 2026

    Areas affected...Central and Eastern Kentucky...Southern and
    Eastern Ohio...Central and Western West Virginia

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 241708Z - 242305Z

    SUMMARY...Convective coverage and intensity will gradually
    increase and expand eastward through late this afternoon ahead of
    an approaching MCV. Hourly rainfall rates of 1.0 to 1.5+ inches
    overlapping with highly sensitive soils will make scattered areas
    of flash flooding likely.

    DISCUSSION...Regional radar and visible satellite imagery early
    this afternoon depict an expanding area of efficient showers and
    deepening convective clouds advancing downstream from an MCV
    currently migrating out of western Kentucky. While morning
    activity was generally subdued, continued diurnal heating is
    actively destabilizing the boundary layer across a broader
    footprint. This increasing instability is fostering an expansion
    of convective coverage and updraft intensity that will track
    eastward across central/eastern Kentucky, southern/eastern Ohio,
    and into central/western West Virginia over the next several hours.

    The 12Z high-resolution guidance suite (including the HREF and
    REFS) shows neighborhood probabilities for 1 inch/hr rainfall
    rates increasing toward 30-50% across the region, with a notable
    uptick in signal pushing into central and western West Virginia by
    late afternoon. Furthermore, the deep-layer mean steering
    flow?oriented southwest to northeast?will parallel the initiating
    boundaries, strongly favoring cell training. The latest CAM
    consensus points toward localized rainfall totals of 2 to 4 inches.

    The primary driver for the flash flood threat remains the low land
    surface capacity across this entire region. Recent soil moisture
    data and RFC Flash Flood Guidance indicate that the basins across
    the Ohio Valley and into the Appalachian foothills of West
    Virginia are already sensitive. The 12Z HREF/REFS blend shows a
    robust and expanding 30-50% probability of exceeding these low
    3-hour FFG thresholds. Given the antecedent conditions and
    potential for training convection, any 1.0-1.5"+/hr rates will
    drive runoff concerns, and likely overwhelming some small streams,
    creeks, and low-lying infrastructure. Therefore, scattered areas
    of flash flooding are generally likely this afternoon.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8wmf-1b4SO41LV9d8--fOutJehNOzV4EU5Du1lyJ4ba5kDdijOKgld-gB06nRVHlNRXt= 8hN6eftIqVYMWyIFKZC_w90$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...ILN...JKL...LMK...MRX...OHX...PBZ...RLX...
    RNK...

    ATTN...RFC...ORN...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41218178 41208087 40818047 40058038 39258035=20
    38288059 37358159 36998231 36558393 36558497=20
    36678542 37358529 37958574 38488562 39158465=20
    39708363 40608255=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 16:19:39 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 241619
    FFGMPD
    GAZ000-TNZ000-ALZ000-242215-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0224
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1217 PM EDT Sun May 24 2026

    Areas affected...Central to Northeast Alabama...Northwest
    Georgia...Middle Tennessee

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 241617Z - 242215Z

    SUMMARY...Convective coverage and intensity will continue to
    expand early this afternoon as an MCV lifts northeastward.
    Rainfall rates of 1-2+ inch/hr, with localized maximum totals of
    2-4 inches, will make scattered areas of flash flooding likely
    this afternoon given the moist antecedent conditions.

    DISCUSSION...Regional radar and satellite imagery depict an
    expanding area of convection across central and northern Alabama,
    driven by a well-defined MCV and associated mid-level shortwave
    lifting northeastward. A coupled pocket of 850mb convergence and
    250mb divergence is providing robust synoptic lift. Concurrently,
    diurnal heating has actively destabilized the boundary layer,
    allowing MUCAPE values to surge into the 1000-2000 J/kg range.
    Combined with PWATs pooling between 1.7 and 1.9 inches, the
    environment is primed to support highly efficient convection with
    high rainfall rates.

    High-resolution guidance is in strong agreement regarding the
    evolution and intensity of the afternoon convection. The 12Z HREF
    highlights 50-70+ percent neighborhood probabilities for 1 inch/hr
    rainfall rates across the region, with 20-30+ percent
    probabilities for rates exceeding 2 inch/hr. The latest HRRR
    guidance corroborates this intensity, suggesting localized total
    accumulations of 2 to 4 inches through the afternoon as the
    convective footprint expands from into northeast Alabama, middle
    Tennessee, and eventually farther east with areas of northwest
    Georgia seeing a threat.

    The combination of high-end rainfall rates and expanding coverage
    will pose a flash flood threat. The 12Z HREF shows 40-50 percent
    probabilities for exceeding 3-hour Flash Flood Guidance (FFG)
    across the targeted area. The intersection of 2+ in/hr rates with
    the sloped terrain of the Cumberland Plateau and the more
    sensitive urban corridors will lead to potentially more enhanced
    runoff concerns, and thus overwhelming local drainage systems and
    small streams. Overall, scattered areas of flash flooding are
    likely across the region over the next several hours.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6nkighx3wfEaDfsRHYQ0MhHTbyp29_-ejb0xkuaYufEx4KbxZpsH8vZ_hA8tHPdKgJQC= NcV3s8kz7dqvcNxHQg_s_JI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...HUN...MRX...OHX...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36468476 35738436 34498476 33188559 32538648=20
    32458709 32918767 33688768 34738719 35588649=20
    36328568=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 20:26:03 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 242026
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-GAZ000-ALZ000-250130-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0226
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    424 PM EDT Sun May 24 2026

    Areas affected...Southern Georgia

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 242024Z - 250130Z

    SUMMARY...Repeating thunderstorms bring isolated flash flood
    threat to southern/central Georgia into the evening. Rainfall
    rates of 2-3 inch/hr will continue with localized maximum totals
    of 3-5 inches for this area which is not flood prone.

    DISCUSSION...Regional radar and satellite imagery depict an
    east-west oriented line of scattered heavy thunderstorms
    developing on low level convergence over southern Georgia with
    further upstream development in far north Florida. Instability is
    robust with SBCAPE of 3000 J/kg and moisture is extreme with 2.2
    inch PW (2.5 sigma above normal) supporting highly efficient
    convection with high rainfall rates of up to 3 inches/hr.

    Recent hRRR and RRFS runs are on the lighter side for rainfall
    compared to radar estimates. Fair rates of northward movement will
    continue with SSWly deep layer mean flow generally around 20kt.
    However, the additional upstream development and cell interactions
    make a concern for localized maxima of a quick 3-5 inches of
    rainfall in the coming few hours which would exceed the general
    flash flood guidance near 3 inch/hr. This activity will continue
    moving north and could bring concerns this evening to more
    sensitive areas such as Atlanta and areas of northeast GA into SC
    which have seen more rain in recent days due to the persistent
    cool air damming.

    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!73FTkC8m3598p8gBqwfzYyI6uf2NojWFSmkB9fund5L1uUQr5HyXr55Be9nysJZEbyNF= f2-dFCqIYmHWYyMB6looUog$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...JAX...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33088432 32998344 32688250 31878236 31108254=20
    30458283 30348394 30698518 31418572 31938558=20
    32568537 32848500=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 21:02:08 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 242102
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-250200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0227
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    500 PM EDT Sun May 24 2026

    Areas affected...Dallas-Forth Worth Metro

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 242100Z - 250200Z

    SUMMARY...Localized flash flooding over the greater Dallas-Fort
    Worth metro into this evening from slow moving heavy thunderstorms
    producing up to 4" rainfall.

    DISCUSSION...As of 21Z...thunderstorm clusters north of Ft. Worth
    and southeast of Dallas have developed in a moist/unstable
    environment. Instability is typical for North Texas summertime
    convection with SBCAPE around 3000 J/kg as is moisture with PW
    around 1.5" and dew points in the upper 60s. Light flow will
    continue to allow slow movement and popcorn type convection
    developing off outflow boundaries. Rainfall rates up to 2"/hr
    estimated by KFWS in the past hour should generally hold true for
    subsequent convection through the evening. There is a risk for
    some repeating convection/cell mergers which could allow localized
    4" totals which would be a concern for flash flooding, especially
    in the broad urbanized areas of the metro.

    Recent HRRR runs are underestimating the ongoing activity and
    generally underplay the heavy rainfall threat for this metro area
    into this evening. Hail is a concern with this activity, but
    enough rainfall should occur to cause localized flash flood
    concerns into the evening. Further thunderstorm development to the
    south may warrant additional discussions in Texas through this
    evening.

    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8-WaSVXFsd4dfERNS-1ssz10PzDgVEXMLkl2Kf2TtZtIl6kWR1Sz5COVFouQlCK-FWk6= -RIq4BmaA1BeQgIfgvR3w9w$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...OUN...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33869791 33819644 33449506 32469498 31939579=20
    32039707 32369854 33489887=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 22:22:20 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 242222
    FFGMPD
    NCZ000-SCZ000-GAZ000-TNZ000-250330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0228
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    621 PM EDT Sun May 24 2026

    Areas affected...North Georgia into South Carolina and Southern
    Appalachians

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 242218Z - 250330Z

    SUMMARY...Widespread convection with embedded high intensity
    rainfall lift over Georgia and South Carolina this evening.
    Additional convection over eastern Tennessee will also continue
    ahead of an MCV lifting past Chattanooga. Rain rates of 2"/hr with
    localized maximum totals of 2-4 inches will make scattered areas
    of flash flooding likely through this evening given the moist
    antecedent conditions.

    DISCUSSION...As of 22Z...an MCV is moving over Chattanooga while
    scattered heavy convection is over the Atlanta metro east into
    South Carolina with an organized line of convection lifting from
    southern Georgia. This area has upper support from increasing
    right entrance jet dynamics over the eastern TN Valley and low
    level support in the form of topographic lift in the southern
    Appalachians as well as a remnant cool air damming wedge over the
    upland area of SC into northeast GA. Ample instability is present
    with 2500 J/kg SBCAPE over the GA/SC border and generally 1500
    J/kg elsewhere. A pool of 2.2" PW air is lifting north from
    southern GA while the 2" PW contour currently reaches Atlanta per
    the 22Z RAP mesoanalysis. Ongoing activity in northern Atlanta
    combined with the progress of southern GA activity warrants
    including Atlanta in this discussion area. The environment in the
    discussion area supports highly efficient convection with high
    rainfall rates.

    As is the recent trend, HRRR runs this afternoon are underdoing
    current activity, while the RRFS has maxes that are too hot in GA,
    but also too low in eastern TN per recent radar trends. Taking an
    average of the two makes for a more reasonable solution with a
    threat for 2-4" maxima through 03Z with 4-5" possible along the
    GA/SC border area.

    The combination of high-end rainfall rates and threat for
    repeating activity in deep layer SSWly flow of 25kt poses a
    scattered flash flood threat through the evening. The cool air
    wedge has kept heavy rain from the southern Apps in recent days,
    so the antecedent conditions are worse on the Piedmont/Cumberland
    Plateau. There is a localized flash flood threat in the southern
    Apps tonight as the wedge continues to break down and subtropical
    moisture encounters orographic lift.

    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8ZF2ReEL8Eu1gp6GVaTtshS2yuMRLUMaC6puJGAg1QdVZlLK9QgzTw1AqNN0yn5MFfSf= XljB2RnmjcEz3SujlMB2dTo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CAE...CHS...FFC...GSP...MRX...OHX...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36568240 36228190 35578277 34768280 34548221=20
    34608161 34768086 34528066 34028066 33118118=20
    32718227 33058392 33598457 34108483 34498480=20
    35498514 36548440=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 22:55:52 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 242255
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-MDZ000-VAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-TNZ000-KYZ000-250430-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0229
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    654 PM EDT Sun May 24 2026

    Areas affected...Upper Ohio Valley

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 242253Z - 250430Z

    SUMMARY...Repeating warm sector convection will continue to
    develop and lift north-northeast through the Upper Ohio Valley and
    western slopes of the Allegheny Plateau into the overnight. Hourly
    rainfall rates of 1.5 to 2 inches over already saturated soils and
    terrain of the western slopes will continue to allow scattered
    flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...As of 23Z...A cold front is over western Ohio with a
    persistent warm sector ahead over the upper half of the Ohio
    Valley through the western slopes of the Allegheny Plateau and
    expanding across western PA. Ample moisture with a gradient of
    1.7" to 1.5" PW from south to north through the outlook area and
    instability with 1500 J/kg SBCAPE along with deep layer SWly flow
    of 35kt is allowing heavy bands to develop oriented close to their
    direction of motion. Hourly rainfall estimates of 1.5 to 2" are in
    the heaviest bands which has caused localized flash flooding given
    low FFG from recent rains in these areas. This activity is
    shifting farther east than recent days as the cool air damming
    wedge breaks down, but slope/terrain increases, making the western
    slopes of the Allegheny Plateau perpetually flash flood prone.
    Furthermore, an MCV currently over eastern TN will lift up along
    the KY/WV border this evening and potentially through WV
    overnight.

    Both recent HRRR/RRFS guidance have a decent handle on ongoing
    activity and the threat this evening with generally 1-3" from the
    western tip of VA through WV and western PA through 04Z. Given the
    wet antecedent conditions and expectation for continued training
    convection, any 1.5"+/hr rates will drive runoff concerns.
    Therefore, scattered areas of flash flooding are likely to
    continue into the overnight.

    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9Ee6HDoBOGzoITdAw2tENfQr1ELj1iyLRMcvdhVag7SS5goy0Al7_aDMhG0OgDuOlpKq= Y4Qkvys0FmS5bnVhVt20-hM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...CTP...ILN...JKL...LWX...MRX...PBZ...RLX...
    RNK...

    ATTN...RFC...ORN...RHA...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41738049 41517924 40337887 39027941 37018106=20
    36628195 36568323 36708410 37978340 39018265=20
    40088245 40768222 41218174 41498134=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 01:23:06 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 250123
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-GAZ000-ALZ000-250630-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0230
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    921 PM EDT Sun May 24 2026

    Areas affected...North Florida

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 250120Z - 250630Z

    SUMMARY...Thunderstorms continue to develop along a trough over
    the Florida Panhandle into North Florida well into the overnight.
    Rain rates of 2 to locally 3"/hr will continue with the axis
    nearly stationary. Localized flash flooding is possible overnight.

    DISCUSSION...As of 03Z...Scattered thunderstorms continue to
    develop over the FL Panhandle with a cluster of heavy
    thunderstorms near Gainesville that continue to propagate
    northwest. Abundant Gulf moisture and instability streaming in on
    15kt southerly low level flow will continue to converge along the
    trough axis. The PW is 2.2" along this trough with SBCAPE in a
    tight gradient to low over southern GA (where there was earlier
    organized activity) to 2500 J/kg along the FL Panhandle shore and=20
    over North FL. This will continue to support activity. Earlier
    heavy rain has lowered the FFG some which will allow localized
    flash flooding.

    Recent HRRR runs are higher in QPF than the RRFS with signs that
    the Gainesville activity should work its way toward the Big Bend.

    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-Efh_Ls21fUlXmBXpher_Wht893F0JVwkO45lEwXnqPXgVUmQ01Z217okaioHo3IGhfU= ZVvnVQmhelHrCNVlqiDCP8A$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAX...MOB...TAE...TBW...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31368501 31078366 30518230 29548194 29318252=20
    29748296 30138390 30158501 30318548 30638650=20
    31268651=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 03:04:26 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 250301
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-251300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0231
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1100 PM EDT Sun May 24 2026

    Areas affected...Central Texas....

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 250800Z - 251300Z

    SUMMARY...Numerous very intense but narrow downdrafts capable of
    2"/hr rates have limited cell motions to support focused areas of
    heavy rainfall that may result in localized flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV suite depicts a very mature closed low in
    the Heart of Texas toward the northeast Hill country. At 250mb,
    the low is tilted from the 500mb center to the northwest to
    provide solid down-shear divergence aloft and broad scale ascent.
    In the low levels, proximity to the low has cyclonic convergence
    but the winds are fairly light at 5-15kts at best. However,
    originating convection across the Dallas/Fort-Worth Metro,
    supported a cold pool and associated outflow boundary that has
    remained strong enough to support convergence to activate updrafts
    along the leading edge.

    RAP analysis notes that capping is starting to win out with loss
    of heating, yet a small pocket of conditionally unstable air with
    CAPE values in the 1500 J/kg range from Runnels to Bell/N Burnett
    county. Deep layer moisture (including through the typically
    drier 700-500mb layer, as noted in CIRA LPW) is aligned to support
    1.5" total PWats. As such, the favorable broad scale ascent and
    the outflow are supporting numerous narrow updrafts in the region,
    with solid longevity history as noted from older convection that
    had originated the boundary... so scattered updrafts of 1.5-2"/hr
    rates have lingered with near zero steering flow or limited enough
    to help for some small collisions allowing for these highly
    focused incidents of 2-3" totals in 1-2 hours.=20

    Instability should be waning through the overnight period and the
    outflow boundary should weaken as well, reducing coverage but the
    risk remains for a few more hours overnight to suggest a few
    incidents of flash flooding will remain possible especially as the
    development continues to drift into lower FFG, near the San Saba
    River Valley and the northeast Hill Country.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8Y3YR0tiPwDJDIw6tLQAvXTnBSxF3Qbu5O-7weB15ga5P3ED2ARACzG3X3s98imAx0yU= KbualKBgssB2SpQgHlIeb7I$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32439886 32419838 32279789 31949754 31399750=20
    31049781 30909829 30919879 31059917 31369949=20
    31789957 32179934=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 09:35:55 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 250935
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-251500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0232
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    534 AM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast Louisiana...Southern
    Mississippi...Southern Alabama...Western FL Panhandle...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 250935Z - 251500Z

    SUMMARY...Intense, slow moving thunderstorms capable of 2-3"/hr
    rates crossing saturated grounds may result in localized rapid
    inundation flooding through early morning.=20

    DISCUSSION...A very favorable mid to upper level dynamics pattern
    continues to reside across the Central Gulf Coast region this
    morning with ample warm/moist low-level moisture to support highly
    efficient deep warm cloud showers and thunderstorms. GOES-E WV
    suite shows a deep layer, nearly stacked closed low over central
    Texas with an impressive anticyclonically curved upper-level
    cirrus across the Lower Mississippi Valley indicative of right
    entrance but also diffluent right quadrant jet ascent pattern in
    advance of a potent shortwave feature lifting north along 90W.=20
    This provides multiple favorable upper-level features for broad
    scale ascent but also effective evacuation for shower/thunderstorm
    activity to develop organized convective clusters/bands through
    this morning.

    There will be a more than sufficient deep moisture pool supported
    by early morning Gulf 'exhalation' of surface latent heat to
    provide surface warming/low level profile saturation to enhance
    instability given mostly narrow, skinny profiles with lapse rates
    below 6C/km; still with 12-13Kft of warm profile and stacked
    moisture plumes per CIRA LPW layers supporting 2"+ Total PWat
    values. So, currently the MLCAPEs are sufficient for 1000-1500
    J/kg, efficient warm cloud, heavy rainfall production.

    Moisture flux convergence will be increasing with low level backed
    easterly to southeasterly flow off the warm north-central Gulf,
    while quickly veering to the south and southeast above the surface
    to 700mb. The deep layer convergence will further aid rainfall
    production with moderately wide updrafts being capable of
    2-2.5"/hr rates, though may occasionally uptick to 3", especially
    near coasts where frictional convergence can support
    back-building/regenerative flanking development. Further east
    across Mobile Bay to W FL, the activity may be a bit less in
    coverage given more easterly low level flow reducing that
    frictional support compared to SE LA into S MS.

    Residency is a bit more uncertain, but deep layer flow in
    proximity to the south to north passing shortwave should support
    some repeating/training elements, so spots of 3-5" are probable,
    with a solid suite of Hi-Res CAMS hinting at some isolated spot or
    two of greater than 7". While most of the area is sandy or swampy
    in nature, recent heavy rainfall has fairly saturated the upper
    soils with 0-40 cm ratios over 70% with some spots over 80%; so
    way over the 95-97th percentiles (spots at maximum). As such,
    infiltration even at 'normal' intensities (1.5-1.75"/hr) could
    result in rapid inundation flooding. While the entire area of
    concern is clearly not likely to experience flash flooding, there
    are many locations that will, with some isolated to widely
    scattered considerable flash flooding possible especially if
    aligned with the urban centers, like NOLA or the MS coastal towns.
    As such, flash flooding is considered likely for this MPD through
    15z.



    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8JZZzdAB8ExsIMjG_ep-LcRdmT_dBYdbZvCN3Oe8qD2n3ue02-Zp6TeMKA1qwpjoNZbb= 87co7tB1gSmQBJ1tsxdgBOo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31698881 31658796 31438735 30858679 30418662=20
    30278711 30148774 30068863 29258893 28868916=20
    29048984 28959102 29959086 30849031 31498974=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 12:46:44 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 251246
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-251645-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0233
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    845 AM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 251244Z - 251645Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated flash flooding will be possible across portions
    of central TX with slow moving showers/thunderstorms. Hourly
    rainfall of 1 to 2 inches (locally higher possible) and totals of
    2 to 4+ inches are expected through 16Z to 17Z.

    DISCUSSION...1220Z radar imagery showed a remnant MCV located
    between Comanche and Eastland, TX with convection that continued
    to regenerate over Coleman, Brown, Callahan and Eastland counties.
    Elevated instability of 500-1000 J/kg was estimated via RAP
    analysis data to exist within a narrow corridor just southwest of
    the MCV circulation with low level southerly flow allowing the
    advection of instability northward, into the western half of the
    MCV circulation, helping to feed the renewed development of
    thunderstorms. Flow aloft was modestly divergent and diffluent,
    helping to support lift over the region. A slow westward drift of
    the MCV is forecast by the RAP through 18Z which will likely
    continue to support localized slow moving cores of heavy rain
    (5-15 kt motions) capable of producing 1 to 2 inches of rain in an
    hour (locally higher). Additional rainfall totals of 2 to 4+
    inches are expected through 16 to 17Z at which point, daytime
    heating and deepening of the boundary layer may act to disrupt the
    ongoing activity.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5xztdNf3NdPkqFbN0Pv7JvqYj3HAy7zPrQTEqT6YjuEgj_VqSP5oyE5T_q-XqyGJgK7F= 9TB22crcmUC8MINV6C-SMPw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32989917 32509854 31919827 31499839 31089874=20
    31069960 31949999 32759978=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 15:19:59 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 251519
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-252100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0234
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1118 AM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...central Gulf Coast into eastern MS/western AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 251518Z - 252100Z

    SUMMARY...At least localized areas of flash flooding will be
    likely across portions of the central Gulf Coast into eastern MS
    and western AL through 21Z. Areas of training thunderstorms will
    be capable of 2 to 3 in/hr rainfall and given saturated soils,
    areas of flash flooding are expected through the remainder of the
    morning into the afternoon.

    DISCUSSION...Regional radar imagery at 15Z helped identify a
    couple of MCVs within an area of scattered thunderstorms extending
    from southeastern LA, southern MS and the western FL Panhandle,
    northward into eastern MS and western AL. The environment was
    represented by 12Z soundings from LIX and JAN (along with 14Z SPC
    mesoanalysis data) showed MLCAPE of ~500 to 1000 J/kg along with
    PWs near 2 inches. Ascent across the larger scale environment was
    favorable for heavy rain with low level flow sandwiched between a
    700-500 mb low over eastern TX and a ridge off of the southeastern
    U.S., located beneath the divergent right-entrance region of an
    upper level jet positioned over the lower MS and lower OH Valleys.

    There is currently a relative minimum in MLCAPE over central to
    northern MS which should limit rainfall intensities with northward
    extent but pockets of higher MLCAPE exist to the south and east
    (into western AL). In addition, areas of increasing instability
    will be possible through some degree of surface heating among
    areas of thick cloud cover, supportive of intense rainfall via
    dominant warm rain processes. N to NNE movement of the two MCVs
    will continue as well as additional thunderstorms approaching from
    the northern Gulf with potential for MCV development. Areas of
    training are expected with high hourly rainfall of 2 to 3 inches
    at times. These high rain rates along with mostly saturated soils
    due to rainfall over the past week will likely allow for at least
    isolated areas of flash flooding through 21Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_djEPrzdmxZ8H-zvzUY2jrIMdPGkkiyW6lA-eGZhyLu3YWMfAUYPJrvUE5YfYuRjF56c= d-CAYqgx8EeSYhhGntfA0Ac$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...LIX...MEG...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33968788 33608737 32798698 31738695 30298720=20
    29428788 28768897 28839023 30079032 31798989=20
    32438966 33888885=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 17:48:15 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 251748
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-252315-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0235
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    147 PM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...central to western TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 251745Z - 252315Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated to widely scattered flash flooding will be
    possible through 23Z across parts of central to western TX. Slow
    moving thunderstorms will be capable of producing hourly rainfall
    of 1 to 2+ inches along with totals of 2 to 4+ inches.

    DISCUSSION...Visible satellite imagery from 1720Z showed a field
    of deepening cumulus clouds over portions of the Edwards Plateau,
    northwestward into the Rolling Plains region of west-central TX.
    Cloud streets identified confluent low level flow into the region,
    located west of a remnant MCV located roughly 40 miles east of
    Brownwood. A lack of cumulus inferred stability near the MCV
    center from prior rainfall, but estimated MLCAPE of 1000-2000 J/kg
    was shown via the 17Z SPC mesoanalysis amid weakly anomalous PW
    values over central to western TX.

    Thunderstorm coverage is expected to increase through the
    remainder of the afternoon to the southwest and west of the slow
    moving (nearly stationary) MCV with some component of left-exit
    region upper level divergence aiding with broader scale ascent
    across central TX. The greatest concern for isolated to widely
    scattered flash flood coverage through 23Z is with slow movement
    of cells (5-15 kt) coupled with portions of the state that have
    picked up 300 to 600 percent of normal rainfall over the past
    week. Slow cell motions will likely yield hourly rainfall of 1 to
    2 inches (locally higher) which may result in isolated totals of 2
    to 4+ inches. Local runoff sensitivities of the Hill Country and
    possibly as far east as I-35 near San Antonio are also
    considerations into the afternoon.=20

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6yWpBt9U5fD3K9mNbvCfvsFn4cJ4wr-N3sjqGqu6sRDlWZmItqaZgNzRvksxeraZstgl= 76yHsj8Hy6CvenkR4FwUeS4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32890077 31909993 30899845 29999804 29359854=20
    29490010 30240156 31280221 32230221 32880173=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 18:59:22 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 251859
    FFGMPD
    AZZ000-260045-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0236
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    257 PM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...Central and Northern Arizona

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 251857Z - 260045Z

    SUMMARY...Slow-moving, pulse-type convection driven by an
    upper-level low will produce localized but occasional intense
    rainfall rates. While regional soils are exceptionally dry, these
    intense rates over steep terrain, locally hydrophobic soils, and
    potential burn scars will make highly localized flash flooding
    possible through this evening.

    DISCUSSION...Regional radar and GOES-West WV imagery this
    afternoon depict a relatively moist and unstable environment
    across central and northern Arizona, driven by a slow-moving
    upper-level low. The cold core associated with this upper low has
    established steep mid-level lapse rates. Despite a dry sub-cloud
    layer, continued surface heating has yielded SBCAPE values in the
    1000-1500 J/kg range. Concurrently, a somewhat anomalous moisture
    plume has pushed PWATs to around 0.75 inches which is more than
    sufficient for locally heavy rainfall rates when combined with the
    instability across this high-elevation environment.

    Given the proximity of the upper low, the kinematic environment is characterized by very weak effective bulk shear (generally <20
    kts) and weak deep-layer mean steering flow. This is resulting in
    a pulse convective mode with nearly stationary or erratic,
    slow-moving cells. Recent MRMS data indicates these cells are
    somewhat efficient after initially moistening the column, and are
    dropping 0.25 to 0.50 inches of rain in 15-minute intervals
    (equivalent to 1-2 in/hr rates) before the updrafts collapse. The
    12Z HREF/REFS guidance highlights a 20-30 percent probability of
    exceeding local Flash Flood Guidance (FFG) and 1 in/hr rates, with
    a few HREF members suggesting localized totals could approach or
    exceed 2 inches where cells anchor or merge.

    While NASA SPoRT soil moisture and USGS streamflow data indicate
    the region is exceptionally dry, the desert environment in this
    region is highly sensitive to short-duration, high-intensity
    rainfall. The baked, rocky terrain will tend to promote enhanced
    runoff with these higher rainfall rates. The flash flood threat
    will be notably isolated, but rather acutely focused on normally
    dry arroyos, slot canyons, and steep terrain along or near the
    Mogollon Rim. Furthermore, any stationary cores that develop over
    recent burn scars will carry a risk for debris flows and channel
    runoff.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9Z0ytRndCSgoeOo8m_k2qFUhQ2f-yoYzHuLybsphvRaLsm3FOZjaEx4UpC_2xRQUvSp3= 59y3695oDF01uBWybj8A6Lo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FGZ...PSR...TWC...VEF...

    ATTN...RFC...STR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36601203 35841076 34761005 33610997 33171079=20
    33821223 34191327 35001403 35871416 36531349=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 19:55:28 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 251955
    FFGMPD
    NCZ000-SCZ000-GAZ000-TNZ000-ALZ000-260145-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0237
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    353 PM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...Northeast Alabama...Central and Northern
    Georgia...Central and Upstate South Carolina

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 251953Z - 260145Z

    SUMMARY...Deep convection will continue to expand in coverage and
    intensity this afternoon and evening, driven by a surface boundary
    across Georgia/South Carolina and a northward-lifting MCV over
    Alabama. Intense rainfall rates exceeding 2 in/hr, coupled with
    relatively slow storm motions and highly sensitive urban
    corridors, will make flash flooding likely.

    DISCUSSION...Regional radar and satellite imagery this afternoon
    highlights an expanding footprint of deep convection across the
    interior Southeast. Across west-central Georgia through central
    South Carolina, activity is focusing along a surface trough and
    pronounced instability gradient. Further west, a well-defined MCV
    is noted over central AL in visible satellite images steadily
    lifting northward.

    The mesoscale environment ahead of both of these forcing
    mechanisms is highly favorable for extreme rainfall efficiency.
    The airmass is characterized by pooling PWATs of 1.8 to 2.0 inches
    and MLCAPE values surging into the 1500-2500 J/kg range in the
    warm sector. Shear is rather modest with effective bulk shear
    generally 20 to 30 kts at best, so much of the convective threat
    will tend to remain rather disorganized. Regardless, the pulse and
    localized multicell convection will be capable of high rainfall
    rates approaching or exceeding 2 in/hr which has already been
    confirmed with recent MRMS data.

    Given the high rainfall rates and presence of weak steering flow,
    there will likely be additional areas of convective persistence
    that will support scattered areas of excessive rainfall. The
    latest HREF and REFS guidance suggests additional pockets of 2 to
    4+ inch rainfall totals going through this evening.

    NASA SPoRT soil moisture data and USGS streamflow analyses suggest
    areas of sensitivity from recent rainfall, and these additional
    rains this afternoon and this evening will promote concerns for
    runoff issues. Scattered areas of flash flooding will tend to be
    likely, and this will also include concerns by this evening around
    the Atlantic metropolitan area.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4EgtUFe52QEX3VP6WsJj9zairWX8Fws5uI6et4v-hMOWC6et8UFG-dcq0hLQ25MJF1t_= g4Rx2VhG9_k1aEn7tnShd3E$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...CAE...CHS...FFC...GSP...HUN...MRX...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35118486 34998426 34778347 34778274 34618183=20
    34318120 33538120 32908155 32378229 32298323=20
    32438402 32738471 33308560 33518618 33808686=20
    34258708 34778689 35068602=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 20:49:35 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 252049
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-TNZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-260245-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0238
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    447 PM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...Mississippi...Alabama...Florida Panhandle

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 252047Z - 260245Z

    SUMMARY...Multiple Mesoscale Convective Vortices (MCVs) embedded
    within a deep tropical airmass will continue to drive rounds of
    heavy showers and thunderstorms through this evening. Intense
    rainfall rates of 2 to 3 in/hr, combined with wet antecedent
    conditions and cell-training concerns, will result in localized
    additional totals of 3 to 5 inches. Flash flooding is likely.

    DISCUSSION...Regional radar and satellite imagery late this
    afternoon show widespread, deep convection persisting across
    sizable areas of Mississippi, Alabama, and the Florida Panhandle.
    The mesoscale environment remains exceptionally favorable for
    highly efficient, tropical-like rainfall production. Recent RAP
    mesoanalysis indicates PWAT values ranging from 1.8 to over 2.1
    inches pooling along and inland of the Gulf Coast, juxtaposed with
    a broad axis of 1000-2000 J/kg of MLCAPE. This is fostering a deep
    warm cloud layer capable of sustaining extreme rainfall rates,
    which recent MRMS data confirms are occasionally reaching 2 to 3
    in/hr.

    The kinematic forcing is being driven by multiple compact MCVs
    lifting northward through the deep-layer southerly flow. A
    persistent axis of moisture transport and convergence is
    continuously feeding these features. The presence of these
    boundaries, combined with relatively weak upwind propagation
    vectors, is heavily favoring periods of backbuilding and
    cell-training.

    Going through the evening hours, the latest high-resolution
    ensemble guidance (including the HREF and REFS), as well as recent
    HRRR and RRFS iterations, are in strong agreement that portions of
    this convective axis will be maintained. The CAM consensus
    suggests additional localized rainfall totals of 3 to 5+ inches
    are likely wherever training bands anchor. Given the wet
    antecedent conditions and lowering Flash Flood Guidance (FFG)
    across the region, this additional intense rainfall will likely
    favor additional regional concerns for flash flooding. A localized
    instance or two of significant flash flooding cannot be ruled out
    if some of these rains anchor over the more sensitive urban areas.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4jTEwZrlWt1QNdginnGSyxpxeA8gazGmcZIBu2sFIT7X1o6PYIpbyzs4qD3dkl_yfNyu= ifRl3i27V8J8qArZbiP-7YY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HUN...JAN...MEG...MOB...OHX...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35198758 34788670 34078624 32478551 31188528=20
    30008551 29728635 30078754 30548794 31428834=20
    32058886 33318963 34008972 34678934 35168843=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 21:28:09 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 252128
    FFGMPD
    VAZ000-NCZ000-TNZ000-260325-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0239
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    526 PM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...Western North Carolina...South-Central to
    Southeast Virginia

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 252126Z - 260325Z

    SUMMARY...Heavy showers and thunderstorms will continue to impact
    south-central and southeast Virginia, while new convection
    develops across western North Carolina this evening ahead of a
    slow-moving cold front. Intense rainfall rates of 2 to 3 in/hr,
    combined with some cell-training, will yield localized totals of 3
    to 5 inches. Extreme rainfall rates may overpower dry antecedent
    soils, making flash flooding likely which will include urban
    corridors.

    DISCUSSION...Late-day satellite and radar imagery depicts an axis
    of intense, and locally training convection currently impacting
    portions of south-central and southeast Virginia, including the
    sensitive I-64 corridor from Richmond down through Hampton Roads.
    This activity is tapping into a deeply anomalous, tropical-like
    airmass characterized by PWATs pooling between 1.8 and 2.0 inches
    and MLCAPE values of 1000-1500 J/kg. The immediate forcing over
    this Virginia corridor is being driven by a stacked, high-end
    couplet of strong 850mb convergence and 250mb divergence.

    Further southwest, an upstream cold front approaching slowly from
    the northwest will interact with this same unstable, moisture-rich
    airmass going through the evening hours. This will trigger a
    separate and potentially focused area of convection across the
    Piedmont region of western North Carolina.

    Kinematically, the environment across both target areas is primed
    for organized, repeating rounds of heavy rainfall. Effective bulk
    shear of 25 to 35 kts will maintain persistent multicell clusters,
    while upwind propagation vectors oriented parallel to the
    respective forcing boundaries will strongly favor cell-training.
    The deep warm cloud depths will support highly efficient rainfall
    rates of 2 to 3 in/hr. Consequently, the 18Z high-resolution
    ensemble suite (HREF and REFS) strongly supports localized
    rainfall totals of 3 to 5 inches through the evening.

    While recent soil moisture data indicates dry antecedent
    conditions across portions of the Mid-Atlantic, rainfall rates of
    2 to 3 in/hr will likely exceed the maximum infiltration capacity
    of the soils, resulting in potential for rapid runoff. The flash
    flood threat is currently highest across the low-lying, densely
    populated urban footprint of south-central and southeast Virginia,
    but will concurrently increase across some of the Piedmont areas
    of western North Carolina as the frontal boundary approaches
    tonight.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_KRj4u6Q8wMtfB_QElWVybn108hHZT4bvXUNkuCeg2dZFejvW_LK8PqdYhXCtP1XtIkp= 7D7J9nv5gRq3nkD9_tjVaG8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AKQ...GSP...LWX...MRX...RAH...RNK...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...RHA...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 38097699 37837609 37297578 36817594 36567658=20
    36367791 35947992 35328163 35208272 35558286=20
    35948237 36278181 36708069 37187958 37837819=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 22:12:47 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 252212
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-260230-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0240
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    611 PM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...Central Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 252211Z - 260230Z

    SUMMARY...A compact, slow-moving Mesoscale Convective Vortex (MCV)
    will continue to trigger scattered thunderstorms into this
    evening. Weak steering flow will lead to slow storm motions and
    localized rainfall rates of 1 to 2 in/hr. While coverage remains
    limited, this activity will make highly localized, primarily urban
    flash flooding possible.

    DISCUSSION...Late-day GOES-E visible satellite imagery along with
    radar depicts scattered, slow-moving thunderstorms continuing to
    initiate across north-central into central Texas. This activity is
    being driven by a stubborn, compact 500mb MCV currently spinning
    over the region. The mesoscale environment is characterized by
    pooling deep-layer moisture (PWATs of 1.5 to 1.7 inches)
    juxtaposed with moderate to strong instability (MLCAPE values of
    1500-2500+ J/kg).

    While the thermodynamic environment is supportive of efficient
    rainfall, the primary driver of the flash flood threat is the
    kinematic profile. Effective bulk shear is exceptionally weak
    (generally under 20 kts), and upwind propagation vectors are
    nearly zero. Consequently, any initiated updrafts are exhibiting
    very slow, erratic motions. Recent MRMS data indicates these
    nearly stationary cores are successfully producing localized
    rainfall rates of 1 to 2 in/hr.

    Despite the favorable mesoscale setup for heavy rain, overall
    convective coverage remains relatively limited, and
    high-resolution guidance suggests some uncertainty regarding how
    far into the evening hours this activity will persist before
    diurnal stabilization takes over. However, given the trajectory of
    the MCV, the convective footprint encompasses the sensitive
    Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area on down through Waco and
    Austin. At least eastern portions of the rocky, runoff-prone
    terrain of the Hill Country are also included in the threat area.
    Therefore, while widespread issues are not anticipated, isolated
    instances of flash flooding remain possible through the
    mid-to-late evening hours.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6IaTPwDXvDK6JTj3RYxDje9CGvQ0WIt4k-mDctHEHhpGFndDR3ZRfnHabf3cPfaQQfV9= gkUhLFcnYDcYtoB_gQuvqno$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33359722 32419631 31329612 30359669 29809787=20
    29789869 30269905 31069825 31809806 32569831=20
    33259815=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 01:05:01 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 260104
    FFGMPD
    NCZ000-SCZ000-GAZ000-TNZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-260700-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0241
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    903 PM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...Northern Alabama...Middle and Southeast
    Tennessee...Northern Georgia...Far Upstate South
    Carolina...Western North Carolina

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 260103Z - 260700Z

    SUMMARY...Efficient showers and thunderstorms will continue to
    track across northern Alabama and into the complex terrain of the
    southern Appalachians tonight. Forcing from a nearby synoptic
    front and a translating MCV, combined with deep moisture, will
    support rainfall rates of 1 to 2+ in/hr. Localized additional
    totals of 2 to 4+ inches will make flash flooding likely.

    DISCUSSION...Early-evening GOES-E IR satellite and regional radar
    data shows an axis of highly efficient convection moving across
    the southern Appalachians, intersecting portions of southeast
    Tennessee, northern Georgia, and the western Carolinas. Further
    west, a distinct Mesoscale Convective Vortex (MCV) positioned
    along the AL/MS border continues to drive heavy rainfall across
    northwest Alabama. Through the late evening hours, the forcing
    associated with this MCV is expected to translate northeastward
    across far northern Alabama and middle Tennessee, generally
    merging with the ongoing convective threat over the higher terrain
    of the Cumberland Plateau and southern Appalachians.

    The mesoscale environment remains highly supportive of heavy,
    sustained rainfall. A synoptic-scale front draped across the
    region is interacting with 500 to 1000 J/kg of lingering MLCAPE,
    providing continuous fuel to sustain the convective threat. This
    is occurring within a deep tropical airmass characterized by
    Precipitable Water (PWAT) values of 1.75 to 2.0 inches.
    Furthermore, strong large-scale ascent is being provided by a
    stacked couplet of 850mb convergence and 250mb divergence centered
    over the region.

    As the convection tracks generally northeastward, low-level flow
    vectors are oriented to provide modest but persistent upslope
    ascent into the higher terrain of the Cumberland Plateau and Blue
    Ridge Mountains. This orographic forcing, combined with the deep
    warm cloud layer and the synoptic/MCV lift, is yielding highly
    efficient rainfall rates of 1 to 2 in/hr.

    The latest high-resolution guidance (including recent HRRR
    iterations) suggests that these intense rates will persist over
    the next several hours, capable of depositing localized additional
    rainfall totals of 2 to 4+ inches. Given the steep topography,
    flashy nature of the local basins, and wet antecedent conditions,
    rapid runoff is expected. Areas of flash flooding are already
    ongoing, and additional flash flooding is expected over the next
    several hours which will include rapid rises on small creeks,
    streams, and low-water crossings.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5T5-tBUse90iIR8cAVDePjIh0Zu0ljH8pr00Wf99SAlbt0bovSxKulXsCvO9NuuEFdHx= wjsyULM0p6TK3s9fqZyFvR0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...GSP...HUN...MEG...MRX...OHX...RNK...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36328158 35768116 35158196 34768288 34408398=20
    34108582 33718729 33878791 34268819 34908797=20
    35248721 35538594 35648481 35938352 36208256=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 02:02:08 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 260202
    FFGMPD
    SCZ000-FLZ000-GAZ000-260700-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0242
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1000 PM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...Northern Florida...Eastern Georgia...Central
    South Carolina...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260200Z - 260700Z

    SUMMARY...Slow moving,back-building potential within very deep
    moisture environment pose spots of 2-4" and possible widely
    scattered incident or two of flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...CIRA LPW suite especially in the sfc to 700mb layers
    shows a dual streams of confluence from the central Gulf into the
    Northeast Gulf melding across the northern neck of Florida into
    southeast GA, resulting in a plume of 2-2.25" total PWats with
    solid deep layer convergence. Also, lower profiles show
    sufficient heating for narrow skinny profiles and a wedge of
    remaining 1500 J/kg. Aloft, anticyclonic curved right entrance of
    upper level jet is also providing solid divergence aloft along the
    confluence axis to help maintain updrafts. The deep layer
    confluence does have some split above 700mb to allow for some weak
    DPVA ascent to compliment the divergence aloft but given the
    oblique nature at the far eastern influence of the closed
    upper-low over Texas. As such, thunderstorm activity with
    15-25kts of upstream speed max at 850mb, supports potential for
    back-building, especially further south and likely to support
    2-2.5"/hr rates.=20=20

    With weak inflow, cell motions will also be diminished allowing
    for greater residency time and highly focused but widely scattered
    incidents of 2-4" totals. Sandy conditions across N FL into GA
    have naturally higher FFG, but recent repeating days of convection
    has lead to an increase in 0-40cm soil moisture values per NASA
    SPoRT, as such; given these rates, a few incidents of
    focused/localized flash flooding are considered possible.

    While the moisture flux is reduced further north, the Piedmont of
    SC has seen Total PWats up to 2.25" as well, and with slightly
    deflected low level flow responding to the upper-level ridge aloft
    and jet entrance to the northeast; a similar convective
    environment/potential exists as well. The main difference is the
    naturally lower FFG and prone areas along the Fall-line in central
    SC, so even with less rainfall rates/potential than further south,
    the hydrology will be easier to exceed given the moisture
    availability.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8mQciNTb-G1-PUEUKuF1u8CSN3ePK5WYz5ABJeJy2W46RextCdQHU5rnAfQyUgMIgStx= KLx_dLBYWOj5kGNQFI30Vaw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CAE...CHS...FFC...JAX...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34508120 34268053 33018137 31938176 31008181=20
    29928183 29918258 31708291 32478299 33288286=20
    33958197=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 02:48:41 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 260248
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-NMZ000-260830-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0243
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1047 PM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast New Mexico...Western Texas Cap Rock...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260245Z - 260830Z

    SUMMARY...Strong moisture flux convergence will support up to
    1.5"/hr rates with slowly advancing convective complex. Localized
    totals of 2-3" may produce localized flash flooding conditions
    overnight.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV shows the larger scale closed low over the
    San Francisco Plateau of northern Arizona with broad/strong
    southwesterly flow along the southern periphery. Embedded within
    the weakly negative tilt trough is a tight vorticity/shortwave
    center that is well depicted in both WV and regional RADAR suite
    in the Rio Grande Valley near KHMN. The speed shear and vorticity
    is providing a strong upslope component along the lee of the
    Sacramento Mtns with a pair of surface low near Roswell and
    Carlsbad, with both having very high directional convergence along
    it (with northerly winds from NE NM and strong SE winds across the
    Pecos River Valley). Surface to boundary layer moisture is
    limited to mid to upper 40s Tds, but the CIRA LPW shows pool of
    enhanced banked up moisture in two lowest layers (850-700,
    700-500mb layers) providing total PWats into the 1" range
    currently. However, the strength of low-level flux through the
    Pecos Valley will be increasing throughout the early overnight
    period.=20

    Given the strong dynamics aloft and very convergent low levels,
    moisture flux is starting to support 1.25-1.5"/hr rates, given
    10.3um EIR shows complex cooling to -65C to -70C. As such, a
    convective complex is maturing over eastern and southeastern NM;
    with initial convective cells upscaling and merging into larger
    clusters and eventually a complex over the next few hours. This
    should allow for increased residency time and an area of 2-3"
    totals can be expected.

    Very dry/hard grounds with naturally high FFG values may help to
    mitigate broader flash flooding conditions, but given the
    intensity with localized bursts during mergers, localized flash
    flooding conditions may arise though the evening. Eventually a
    cold pool should develop and the complex should start to advance
    eastward, likely quickly given very strong propagation vectors
    given increasing east-southeast surface to 850mb flow over 40kts,
    so potential will diminish with time.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4fgCMyy8vR0xzYHXBC1an4ca8CQbZrr1azdB1mxEaW-d3yoN7MDlvuwc6YyedyuSuo4H= P4yo_9ImXhMmtXY3E1UFUIc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ABQ...LUB...MAF...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35390454 35270374 34760308 33980244 32760234=20
    31960297 31980411 32440459 33070493 33400507=20
    34280521 35070504=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 03:32:18 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 260332
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-NMZ000-260900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0244
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1131 PM EDT Mon May 25 2026

    Areas affected...Western Texas Panhandle...Pecos River Valley...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260330Z - 260900Z

    SUMMARY...Fast moving, but increasing intense rainfall rates with
    Sub-hourly totals of 1", resulting in quick run-off and possible
    localized flash flooding incident or two overnight.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E 10.3um EIR denotes a expanding line of
    scattered thunderstorms increasing/cooling across the central
    portion of the Western Texas Panhandle spurred on by rapid
    height-falls from an ejecting shortwave in south-central NM within
    a broader base of the large scale trough centered in N AZ. The
    broad southwesterly flow crossing terrain has resulted in a very
    strong lee-pressure trough across much of eastern NM to a surface
    low near ROW; however, behind the main S/W lifting out, the
    surface trough then angles southwest into Hudspeth county and
    northern Chihuahua denoted well by some low-level warmer topped
    agitated Cu/Tcu.=20

    Strong response in the low-levels with up-slope winds steadily
    increasing past 30kts on their way to 40kts is helping convective initiation/development two fold. The initial is the strong mass
    convergence that extends along the entire surface trough to break
    out these scattered cells, the second is increasing moisture
    transport, Tds has steadily increased into the low 50s, but low
    60s and sfc-850mb LPW (up to .75") is coming up the Rio Grande and
    Pecos River Valleys to intersect the initial convective round.=20
    Not surprisingly given proximity to the elevated desert plateau,
    steep lapse rates are supporting increasing instability values as
    the higher theta-E air pushes in to allow for strong vigor of
    updrafts and moistening the columns. Currently rates are minimal
    due to evaporative loss, but as the overall moisture arrives, flux
    convergence will support intense rainfall rates capable of
    .5-.75"/15 minutes (per HRRR). While forward propagation will be
    equally fast and reduce overall totals, localized spots of 1.5"
    are possible in about 1hr and the harder ground conditions will be
    difficult for infiltration at those rates suggesting localized
    flash flooding is possible tonight.

    While a bit less certain, there are suggestions, given strong
    southwesterly flow and embedded mid-level impulses and expected
    limited eastward movement of the surface trough, additional
    development may be possible to allow for a secondary round to
    occur later in the period, with best potential further north along
    the TX/NM east-west boarder. Will continue to monitor those
    trends for any subsequent MPD necessity.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9FNM9rT40AmTjVu5cmW52AF9sGiR5_3d2Of1w2kKCglVD0tRAxRvfMMl-jWI1Or9gwXh= RsRIcxYae3EMWh1O5hqfY6c$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32340317 32170238 31690186 30950168 29930199=20
    29640258 29250280 28960324 29300415 29730461=20
    30450487 30810489 31600479 32050416=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 04:20:18 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 260420
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-GAZ000-ALZ000-260900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0245
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1219 AM EDT Tue May 26 2026

    Areas affected...Western GA...Central FL Panhandle...Far Eastern
    AL...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260420Z - 260900Z

    SUMMARY...A few more hours of potential training, highly efficient
    convection capable of 2.5"/hr and a streak or two of 2-4" totals
    resulting in possible localized flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR and 10.3um EIR from GOES-E continue to
    show flare-ups of convection along the eastern edge of the warm
    conveyor belt which appears to be at the near eastern limit of
    influence from the parent larger-scale decaying closed low in
    Eastern Texas. The warm conveyor continues to pump enhanced
    moisture through a deep fairly unidirectional south to north
    stream from the east-central Gulf northward along the AL/GA line.=20
    An equally narrow axis of instability remains along the eastern
    edge of the q-axis with solid overlap. Surface easterly flow has
    recently intersected the north-south boundary and new convection
    has developed along it. Given upstream elongated vorticity
    strip/shortwave over the north-central Gulf lifting north,
    combined with weak to moderate divergence at the entrance to the
    northeastward angling upper-level jet streak across the southern
    Appalachians, will help to maintain any of these localized low
    level convergence maxima that spark another round of convection;
    this included southerly frictional convergence at the Gulf/Florida
    Panhandle interface, especially as the sfc convergence retrogrades
    west deeper into the q-axis.=20=20

    Total PWat values of 2-2.25" and narrow skinny CAPE profiles (up
    to 1500 J/kg) with 20-30kts of LLJ inflow/flux convergence has and
    will likely to aid 2-2.5"/hr rates and with stronger flow off the
    Gulf, flanking line redevelopment can support back-building edges
    parallel to the deep layer steering allowing for localized 2-4"
    localized streaks. This may result in an incident or two of
    localized rapid inundation/flash flooding for prone areas and
    intersected urban centers. All in all, flash flooding is
    considered possible in an isolated to widely scattered manner
    through the overnight period.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9ekI4s4N01qIcb5We4Ud44vJvUYrxfAOp9zKbFmiR7DjkOR4jEx9_2Xddijm-z7h5JET= VsFEEAUgwV3dIf5LkCaWdr0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33998513 33908435 33198409 32078397 31038404=20
    29738461 30228605 31658572 32568554 33148547=20
    33788539=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 08:27:16 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 260827
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-NMZ000-261400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0246
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    426 AM EDT Tue May 26 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast New Mexico...Portions of the Cap Rock,
    Permian Basin and Trans-Pecos Regions of Texas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260830Z - 261400Z

    SUMMARY...Main cluster to maintain/enhanced through early morning
    with hourly rates of 1-1.5"/hr and additional 2-3" totals, with
    continued incidents of localized flash flooding possible.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV suite depicts closed low tightening a bit
    over NE AZ with broad southwesterly flow across its southeast
    quadrant starting to lift with veering 500mb winds enhancing
    larger scale DPVA across the Rio Grande into Pecos River Valleys
    over the next few hours. This will help to broaden diffluence and
    dual jet divergence pattern across SE NM into the eastern portions
    of the W Texas Panhandle. The combination will help to
    maintain/evacuate the expanding convective cluster across SE NM
    moving into the W Texas portion of the Permian Basin.=20=20

    Low-level jet response remains strong with 30-40kts of
    southeasterly flow generally orthogonally intersecting the
    rainfall reinforced surface trof/isentropic ascent boundary that
    extends from a surface low east of Hobbs back west northwest of
    the Davis Mtns through southern Hudspeth county though surface to
    850mb flow is further backing south across the Big Bend due to
    strengthening surface to 850mb near the National Park. Tds into
    the upper 50s/lower 60s are now intersecting the boundary and
    helping to maintain the main cluster but also help to develop more
    cells upstream across W TX Panhandle over the next few hours,
    likely to track northeast and trend toward later period possible
    mergers. Total PWats at or just above 1.25" are filling in and
    rainfall rates continue to increase in efficiency ranging from
    1-1.5"/hr.=20=20

    Given the placement of the expanding complex to the split in the
    upper-level jet pattern; deep layer steering remains back-sheared
    to the north and north-northwest and likely to continue to be slow
    given the col in 500-1000mb thickness over the area. Forward
    propagation will continue slowly eastward with combination of
    strong inflow from the east, but also cold pool generation. As
    such, residency of a few hours should allow for some localized
    2-3" totals to manifest. As such, localized flash flooding
    concerns will continue to remain through the early morning.=20=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5IuurpHag8RebIAYrUU8nV6Xfd1UM_XunzmHQmNAiEJWQH-ZVz3eKc0ZAA228OSGh7g4= bge6gwjtFwX1azMb6B8kjgI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ABQ...AMA...LUB...MAF...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35300296 34420154 33460106 32500121 31620182=20
    31120236 29850354 29830467 30790482 31910477=20
    32610430 33200413 34500414 35220393=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 13:47:18 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 261347
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-261945-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0247
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    946 AM EDT Tue May 26 2026

    Areas affected...West Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 261345Z - 261945Z

    SUMMARY...A line of training thunderstorms across portions of west
    Texas this morning contains cells capable of 2+ inches/hour
    rainfall rates. Flash flooding is occurring resulting from these
    storms.

    DISCUSSION... An area of convection at the base of a highly
    negatively tilted trough over New Mexico has been producing 2+
    inch per hour rainfall rates across a portion of west Texas this
    morning. These storms have been slow-moving, allowing for the
    heavy rain rates to persist over the same areas for an extended
    period. At the south end of the line, much faster moving storms
    are pressing east just north of the Rio Grande in the Big Bend
    region. CAMs guidance is suggesting that once the storms to the
    south "catch up" longitudinally with the line just east of
    Midland, the whole new line of storms will take on a faster
    forward speed towards the east. This will reduce the flash
    flooding threat a bit going forward, but rainfall rates with the
    strongest cells will still pose a localized flash flooding risk
    with 1-2 inches/hour still possible.

    As the line progresses eastward towards San Angelo this afternoon,
    with daytime heating, expect multiple individual slow-moving
    thunderstorm cells capable of heavy rainfall rates to merge with
    the line. Where these mergers occur, localized flash flooding will
    be possible due to the extended period of time any heavy rain will
    occur over those areas. Many of the river valleys tend to
    efficiently convert heavy rainfall to significant river rises in
    this area, worsening any potential flash flooding. Behind the line
    of storms, cold pools and much more stable air will end the heavy
    rain and flash flooding threat.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-FAKY9L2F2kFTpx9statJZTQMKWk-a_ZTHSTWz1lq79q5OD2t7FnxJAtssbWaccWawJw= BJ0KEBURtrIVXYSH9Ks0QTI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...LUB...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34230074 33800026 33060002 32639985 32019952=20
    31059940 29999978 29100049 29340108 29660143=20
    29760198 29740237 29720272 29870326 30170336=20
    30450321 30750296 31110275 31770249 32570201=20
    34180164=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 16:05:33 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 261605
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-262100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0248
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1204 PM EDT Tue May 26 2026

    Areas affected...Southern Alabama and the Western Florida
    Panhandle

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 261604Z - 262100Z

    SUMMARY...Clusters of storms are developing along the Gulf Coast
    in a pocket of maximized instability and atmospheric moisture
    content. The convection could produce rainfall rates to 3 inches
    per hour where training occurs. Flash flooding possible.

    DISCUSSION...With diurnal heating now in full swing, scattered
    strong thunderstorms have developed over the western tip of the
    Florida Peninsula, now extending into far southern Alabama. These
    storms have formed in an area of increased instability due to
    lesser prior cloud cover, as well as in a corridor of maximized
    atmospheric moisture. SPC Mesoanalysis shows PWATs to 2.2 inches
    just off the coast of Pensacola, and over 2 inches where the
    storms have formed. SBCAPE values are around 3,000 J/kg, so the
    storms have more than enough moisture instability to continue
    growing upscale into the afternoon hours.

    CAMs guidance shows the storms are likely to increase in coverage,
    taking advantage of the plentiful moisture and instability.
    Despite recent heavy rains in the area, 1-hr FFGs remain over 2
    inches for all of the highlighted area, and in some cases near the
    coast, close to 3 inches. Given those still high thresholds, flash
    flooding will generally be possible, confined to where the storms
    line up in such a way as to maximize the duration of heavy
    rainfall. Several urban areas could see those storms, in which
    case the local thresholds required to realize flash flooding will
    be lower.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8AP8n9DQBcxSaphOD6Cm_94edGMSPkg73FfwEoXwDXkip_d7Ao2vXWJa_vyK3VdCEKAk= eSTt-XmkzryxcTSEGZMqqfA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...LIX...MOB...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32618641 32578606 31998571 31458548 30838535=20
    30278549 30058558 30288603 30378660 30348716=20
    30198750 30178832 30238868 30148918 30358927=20
    30398927 30648930 31098900 31678871 32068818=20
    32458755=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 20:38:35 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 262038
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-270200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0249
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    437 PM EDT Tue May 26 2026

    Areas affected...central to south-central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 262035Z - 270200Z

    SUMMARY...A few widely scattered areas of flash flooding will be
    possible across the Hill Country into south-central TX through
    02Z. Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches will be common but isolated
    higher values of 2 to 3 inches will also be possible.

    DISCUSSION...Regional radar imagery over west-central TX showed a
    largely forward propagating broken axis of thunderstorms
    stretching from the southern TX Panhandle to near Del Rio and
    northern Coahuila. More discrete cellular development was located
    ahead of this axis from the I-10 corridor across the Hill Country
    and as far south as US-57, with a general movement toward the
    northeast. The environment across this region of TX contained
    1500-3000 J/kg MLCAPE with little to no inhibition, PWs of 1.5 to
    1.8 inches and sufficient shear along and south of I-10 for
    organized cells (via 20Z SPC mesoanalysis). Forcing in the mid to
    upper levels was coming from a negatively tilted trough axis over
    West TX and divergent and diffluent flow within the left-exit
    region of a 100-120 kt subtropical jet over northern Mexico.

    A mixture of supercell, multicell and ordinary cells are expected
    given the environment with a range of speeds from the south to
    west. Right-moving supercells should have the slowest movement
    toward the east at ~10 to 20 kt. Some additional convective
    development ahead of the forward propagating axis to the west is
    anticipated through the remainder of the afternoon into the
    evening within the unstable environment. Higher rainfall rates
    will occur with areas of short-term training where line segments
    within the western axis of thunderstorms matches the deeper layer
    mean wind from the southwest allowing for 1 to 2+ inches of rain
    in an hour. Additional potential for higher rates will come from
    cell mergers and brief upstream development/training along and
    ahead of this axis. The combination of factors above may result in
    a few widely scattered areas of flash flooding, especially where
    overlap of higher rates occurs with lower flash flood guidance of
    the TX Hill Country to the I-35 corridor.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8KWeFV38JD7C_rWzAfPhhg8at7ud3cSFX5U0CWA_WPJ6-Pk_wMsoM6jkr_AAVscdeZHN= NYwSkwlQF5yQ5LkGagoJWMw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...FWD...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31499951 31349867 30849776 29989740 29199745=20
    28409828 28049924 28010024 29010090 29510126=20
    30170124 30710067 31390013=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 22:51:23 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 262251
    FFGMPD
    NCZ000-SCZ000-GAZ000-270445-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0250
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    650 PM EDT Tue May 26 2026

    Areas affected...east-central GA into central/northern SC

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 262249Z - 270445Z

    SUMMARY...Training of heavy rain and flash flood potential will
    increase from east-central GA into central/northern SC through the
    early overnight hours. 1 to 2 inch per hour rates (or 1 to 2
    inches in less than 1 hour) and 2 to 4+ inch totals will be
    possible through 05Z.

    DISCUSSION...GOES East visible imagery through 2230Z showed the
    inland push of a sea breeze boundary extending from just south of
    Columbia, SC into portions of southeastern GA. A few thunderstorms
    were located along the boundary but there was generally a higher
    coverage in SC compared to GA. Meanwhile, scattered thunderstorms
    were located across the Piedmont of SC into GA with a general
    movement toward the NNE, except in SC, where southeastward
    advancing outflow was causing propagation toward the east. SPC
    mesoanalysis data from 22Z showed 1000-2000 J/kg MLCAPE remained
    along with high PW values of 1.8 to 2.2 inches from GA into SC,
    containing estimated wet bulb zero heights of 12-14 kft.

    Some degree of continued inland advancement is expected with the
    sea breeze boundary containing scattered thunderstorms over the
    next 1-3 hours. Meanwhile, RAP forecast guidance has been
    suggesting 0-1 km flow becoming increasingly confluent along the
    western edge of the sea breeze boundary as veered flow occurs over
    the western half of GA. The combination of low level
    convergence/confluence atop modest diffluece aloft is expected to
    yield an increase in convection over portions of southeastern GA
    over the next 1-3 hours with a general NNE movement of cells. The
    alignment of cells with the deeper layer mean wind could support
    some periods of short term training. Farther north into SC, The
    eastward advancement of ongoing thunderstorms over Upstate SC,
    meeting with advancing activity farther east, could allow for
    mergers and brief training/high rain rates.

    The environment is supportive of warm rain processes and efficient
    rainfall production with potential for 1 to 2 inches of rain in
    15-30 minutes. Due to 3 to 6+ inches of rain that has fallen over
    a good portion of the region over the past 3 days, flash flood
    guidance is lowered in a several locations with the potential for
    isolated to widely scattered flash flooding possible through 05Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9y3eVJRYyNYfDoUWD-8_sx_obLFJMjW9Hbkv0xidNsj26HrBi0cO4OF8ZZVCtTRNxzCP= ZwQws_EK2rtEjYislsp_zGk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CAE...CHS...FFC...GSP...JAX...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35188124 34938073 34538034 33938028 32918094=20
    31168207 30758244 30818281 31178305 32288316=20
    33558300 34518253 35168179=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 27 02:15:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 270215
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-270630-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0251
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1014 PM EDT Tue May 26 2026

    Areas affected...central to south-central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 270212Z - 270630Z

    SUMMARY...An ongoing flash flood threat will linger across
    portions of central TX over the next 3-4 hours. Meanwhile, a new
    flash flood threat will evolve farther south from near the Rio
    Grande into south-central TX after ~05Z. Peak hourly rainfall of 2
    to 3 inches (locally higher) is expected.

    DISCUSSION...Regional radar imagery at 0145Z showed a forward
    propagating linear convective cluster arcing eastward from SPS to
    ACT to SCI with a SW to NE orientation allowing for MRMS-derived
    hourly rainfall of 1 to 3 inches from eastern Kerr to western Bell
    counties. Farther south, a severe bowing linear segment was
    identified over I-35, southwest of San Antonio.

    As the southern end of a negatively tilted upper level trough axis
    continues to advance eastward into central/south-central TX over
    the next 6 hours, favorable ascent aided by the divergent and
    diffluent left-exit region of the subtropical jet across northern
    Mexico will maintain lift across central/southern TX.

    =46rom roughly San Antonio and points northward, an additional 2 to
    4 inches of rain will be possible as the NE to SW line of
    thunderstorms continues to advance east, with hourly rainfall of 1
    to 2+ inches. Locally higher hourly rainfall totals will be
    possible where the northern end of the bowing segment SSW of San
    Antonio meets with the line segment to the north, allowing for the
    potential for 2 to 3+ inches of rain in an hour. However, the
    flash flood threat is expected to gradually diminish through 06Z
    for the northern (central TX) locations.

    Farther south however, there is growing concern for flash flooding
    to evolve across the Rio Grande Valley into portions of
    south-central TX later in the night as upstream/developing
    convection intensifies and moves east across Coahuila, potentially
    merging with new convective development along the remnant outflow
    boundary related to the bowing segment. This may occur as low
    level southerly flow interacts with the boundary where sizable
    MLCAPE will remain (2000+ J/kg). Should this scenario unfold, with
    specific timing remaining uncertain, flash flooding will be
    possible from Maverick to Webb counties and points east.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4cFWqlYHF_-fASHLvqtlsWdrSANYog6IRnbG_KE6yNY96rAevF7INQ_x25VkvWH9pa-c= yv3gSvjyS-DuQbamtbrQW9Y$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...FWD...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31899650 31759613 31449609 31109617 29749641=20
    28819701 27719803 27279906 27609986 28100023=20
    28550043 28709994 28939942 29629920 30159879=20
    31119792 31689740 31819710=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 27 04:14:57 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 270414
    FFGMPD
    SCZ000-GAZ000-270900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0252
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1213 AM EDT Wed May 27 2026

    Areas affected...Eastern Georgia...Central South Carolina...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 270415Z - 270900Z

    SUMMARY...A few more hours of potential repeating high efficiency
    thunderstorms across same corridor/wetter upper-soil conditions.=20
    Localized flash flooding potential remains possible overnight.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV suite denotes very little
    evolution/transition of the subtropical high location with just a
    slight flattening of the northeast side of the ridging across NC/E
    SC. As such, the next in a sequence of jet streak enhancements is
    sliding along this section through the Cumberland Plateau=20
    providing anticyclonic divergence along the western periphery of
    the area of concern. The MPD remains aligned with the confluent
    surface to mid-level warm conveyor belt, which continues to
    receive confluent upstream from the western Atlantic feeder
    through northern FL into southern GA resulting in flux convergence
    and total PWat values of 2-2.25" still fairly anchored across the
    same corridor from the Okefenokee Swamp to the Augusta, GA region
    before deflecting across the Piedmont/central Fall-line of SC.=20
    This slight cyclonic curvature further supports convergence and
    increased overlap of the remaining instability axis to the east
    across the I-95 corridor in GA and through S SC. While overall
    low-level flow is slightly weaker at 10-20kts, there remains
    sufficient deep layer convergence with 750-1000 J/kg of
    narrow-skinny CAPE for a few more hours of scattered thunderstorm
    activity.

    Given the deep layer moisture and warm cloud depths, rainfall
    efficiency should remain high at 2"/hr. Slow north to
    northeastward propagation along the same corridor as the last few
    days will allow for intense rainfall to fall upon increasingly
    deeply saturated grounds with relative soil moisture values over
    70% dotted along the axis. Given the rates and limited capacity
    in the upper-soils, there should be increased run-off perhaps
    resulting in similar widely scattered but focused incidents of
    flash flooding as seen over the past few hours.

    While the deep layer flow suggests areas along the Fall-line of
    central SC and northwest where FFG values are most compromised
    should remain far enough northwest given current trends. However,
    a small deviation due to storm scale interactions still may result
    in this area remaining at risk for the earlier portions of the
    overnight period and have been included in the MPD area of concern.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!43sc9HScZLRX0coppH4K0Jfsbc6vv3pU569B2q_PjLtiQLmw0MaaiJ-U_LOF-yNRM-4A= smfnE3Wg4zJMMdDnrgGYt18$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CAE...CHS...FFC...GSP...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34818165 34728081 34258026 33808018 33418034=20
    33108063 32438138 32168162 31928183 32138275=20
    32888262 33628256 34368236=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 27 05:30:31 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 270530
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-271100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0253
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    129 AM EDT Wed May 27 2026

    Areas affected...Eastern & Southeast Texas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 270530Z - 271100Z

    SUMMARY...Urban flash flooding risk as squall line weakens and
    stalls along the central TX coast, with quick burst of sub-hourly
    totals of 1.25-1.75", resulting in localized 2-3" and possible
    flash flooding overnight.

    DISCUSSION...
    Regional RADAR and 05z surface analysis shows strong, mature,
    progressive squall line emerging from the I-35 corridor moving
    into the Central Texas Coastal Plain rapidly approaching the
    College Station to Houston urban areas and moving out of MPD 251=20
    A pool of conditionally unstable air awaits it along the upper to
    central TX Gulf coast with low to mid-70s Tds (with some upper
    70s directly on the coast) and MLCAPE of 2000-3000 J/kg from a
    preceding surface trof from KCLL to KJAS into central LA and
    southward. Strong inflow and latent heat release aloft should
    continue to maintain that forward progress, but the shear
    magnitude of moisture fluxed into the leading edge will support
    very intense instantaneous rain-rates with 15-30 minute 1.25-1.75"
    totals expected given current observational trends and recent HRRR
    forecast trends. For the most part, the totals will remain at the
    edge/just below all naturally higher FFG values (1-6hrs) but urban
    and traditionally prone, poorly draining locations are probable to
    be overwhelmed in short-term. The question will be the overall
    volume and given the breadth of the squall line, neighboring
    upper-reaches of small watersheds may compound quickly for
    localized rapid inundation flash flooding.

    North of the trough axis, deep layer steering shifts to support
    back-shearing from southeast to northwest into the deepening
    outflow channel, cold pool and surface meso-highs are much weaker
    and left-bookend/cyclonic eddy may allow for slightly reduced
    rates/downdraft intensity to linger/greater residency to approach
    similar localized 2-3" totals. This still may not reach the
    higher FFG values in the area, but there remains a low-end risk
    for flash flooding here as well, especially near urban locales.=20=20=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9XGS5W5EHcaDcVlgv6ljeUn_Y8gGB-rnq1ClTqqtUklx4OJ7UUCCgY9-0jXozHJ2yhzg= fqFyVeo39SXpn-qU1dG3cxQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...FWD...HGX...LCH...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33189613 33159523 32549462 31249394 30679380=20
    29959380 29159478 28539581 27989692 28329757=20
    28909760 29819715 30449675 31349606 32099612=20
    32829644=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 27 06:11:36 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 270611
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-271200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0254
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    210 AM EDT Wed May 27 2026

    Areas affected...South Texas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 270610Z - 271200Z

    SUMMARY...Flattening squall line with upstream deepening wave,
    likely to result in expanding convective environment with ample training/repeating opportunities and likely result in 3-5" totals

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR shows mature progressive squall line
    crossing along I-10 through the central Texas Coastal Plain with
    the anti-cyclonic rotor of the squall resulting in a flattening
    west to east outflow boundary across south-central to southern
    Texas. A strong, broad super-cell anchors the base of the line
    with overshooting tops colder than -80C. Surface and VWP show
    southeasterly veering to southerly at 15-20kts and 35-40kts,
    respectively intersecting this boundary, leading to strong
    isentropic ascent. The advected air remains very unstable with
    MLCAPEs of 3500-4000 J/kg with mid to upper 70s Tds; resulting in
    strong to extreme moisture flux convergence 20+ kg/m/s.

    GOES-E WV suite notes and upstream speed max in the sub-tropical
    jet is dipping the orientation ever so slightly to support
    diffluence aloft, which is also aiding development of an embedded
    shortwave feature near 27.5N102W, leading to a new convective
    cluster over the Sierra Madre, still fairly displaced from the
    deeper surface to 850mb moisture. However, CIRA LPW does note
    that downstream of the wave, cross Mexican 850-700 and 700-500
    moisture connection intersects over the Lower Rio Grande Valley to
    support 2-2.25" total PWats. The combination of the approaching
    upper-level forcing with the isentropical ascent/convergence is
    likely to fill in the line between the upstream cluster and the
    tail of the squall. Strength of updrafts and flux convergence
    will support very intense sub-hourly burst, but hourly
    rates/totals of 2-3" are probable along the axis due to deep layer
    steering supporting repeating/training environment. There remains
    some uncertainty to the vigor of the cold pool generation and
    therefore the propagation vectors are wavering between due east
    and southeast within the Hi-Res CAM guidance suite. No deviation
    may result in the most extreme totals from Webb to San Patricio
    county with localized spots in excess of 6-7" by 12z; while more
    deviation to the southeast will broaden the overall heavy rainfall
    coverage to 3-4" areal expectations.=20=20

    While FFG values are naturally high, the shear moisture flux and
    rates with any increased residency, which looks very likely, will
    result in flash flooding conditions; if duration would to align
    with urban locations, such as Corpus Christi; inundation flooding
    could be considerable.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8O3XZqK8S-30Y47xAsJel_YCB0ORWKjuTdXMYWfd5selvNjk3eIZe_hUkWhezQJ550KM= pa2ekzjYHR9GcOuMyDMn5Qw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BRO...CRP...EWX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 29029723 28579667 28179654 27659707 26889741=20
    26759840 26999955 28430046 28889905=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 27 06:57:40 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 270657
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-MDZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-INZ000-271245-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0255
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    256 AM EDT Wed May 27 2026

    Areas affected...Eastern IND...Central OH...Southeast PA...Western
    MD... Northern WV...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 270700Z - 271245Z

    SUMMARY...Scattered warm-advection showers will have high rainfall
    efficiency with rates up to 1-1.5"/hr will eventually stall and
    align favorably for repeating along the mid-level front. Streaks
    of 1-2" over recently saturated soils pose widely scatted
    incidents of possible flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV suite depict the elongating/shearing older
    closed low near St. Louis Missouri with a deep laminar elongated, deformation/shear axis across central IL/IND/OH and PA. South of
    which, broad south to south-southwesterly 15-20kt low-level jet is
    lifting the surface front more in line with the aforementioned
    axis. Deep layer moisture remains pooled along the steepening
    frontal zone with values of 1.5-1.75" (slightly higher further
    east). Further west, a bit of drier air aloft and therefore
    slightly steepened lapse rates is support some 500-1000 J/kg of
    MUCAPE, though this becomes 250-500 J/kg further east through the
    central Appalachians. As such, solid moisture flux convergence
    along the vertically steepening isentropic boundary is starting to
    break out a few narrow currently scattered showers from central IL
    through eastern OH. WV suite also denotes core of upper-level jet
    streak over central OH before turning eastward over PA/NY,
    providing some modest divergence aloft, again slightly east.

    All elements considered the updrafts will support efficient
    rainfall production given the moist environment but due to the
    likely narrow updrafts due to weak instability, rates of .75-1"/hr
    will be more common, though ideal storm-scale interactions may
    allow for up to 1.5" locally and for short time periods. Ascent
    will continue through the late overnight period/early morning with
    increasing convective cells along the boundary. Deep layer
    steering quickly veers along the shear axis to support west to
    east propagation and potential for these showers to repeat.

    As such, localized streaks of 1-2" are possible though the morning
    with increasing potential from central OH to the spine of the
    Appalachians. Recent prolonged moderate to heavy rainfall has
    soaked the upper-soil environment particularly over E OH into the
    central Appalachians, where hourly FFG value are barely over 1"
    and 3hr values are mostly less than 1.5". Further west into
    central IL/IND, FFG values rise and are likely to be just out of
    reach with only exception for a very isolated stationary cell or
    two. As such, localized incidents of flash flooding will be
    considered possible from Eastern IND into SE PA/W MD/E WV.=20

    Note: There are some hints of prolonged training events within the
    Hi-Res CAM suite with higher localized totals of 2.5"+. While
    confidence is not high, these unidirectional flow regimes with
    trapped deep layer moisture, vorticity and prolonged training
    potential can be particularly dangerous especially in the complex
    terrain of E OH, N WV and SE PA/W MD.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6z5JaBq1DiZS0Bi0r2lQJtOQQgR7npXAVFCKxVzfESqNvEuIl93hMzYYPQHF_f7DXHt7= O_Z33TWe2grjJU-ruADxGGo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...CTP...ILN...IND...LWX...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...RHA...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40378148 40307964 40047857 39757831 39227854=20
    38667926 38808013 39188204 39308360 39238533=20
    39658569 39998566 40318460=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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